This document discusses parody and pastiche as examples of intertextuality, which is defining a work's meaning through references to other texts. Parody imitates another work's style for comic effect or ridicule, while pastiche borrows elements without mockery. Both are common in postmodern works and rely on audience familiarity with other media. Some critics like Linda Hutcheon view parody and pastiche positively as offering critique, while Frederic Jameson sees pastiche as "blank" mimicry without political meaning. The document asks questions about examples of intertextuality and why critics dislike postmodern uses of parody and pastiche.