Nutrition Resilience Intervention Framework

CCAFS | CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

May 17 in Plenary Session 9B "Building Resilience to Drought and Resource Scarcity in the Sahel". Presented by Douglas Steinberg, Helen Keller International.

Education

Sequence Systemic Community Household
Provision
•Treatment of acute
malnutrition
•Blanket feeding. •FFW, cash for work
Protection
•Food fortification
•Asset insurance
•Cash transfer or
vouchers
•Screening for moderate
acute malnutrition
•LNS to prevent acute
malnutrition
•Habanae (animal loan)
•Home fortification (e.g.,
powders)
•Crop transformation or
conservation
Promotion
•Surveillance
•Capacity building
•Private sector
engagement
•Social behavior change for
IYCF, ENA or WASH
•Social marketing
•Optimal breast feeding
•Essential nutrition actions
•Homestead food
production & bio-fortified
crops
Cross cutting
• Integration: Economic opportunity, gender and social inclusion, education and ECD, technologies, protection, health, nut and FP
• Partnership: who does what, when, and how are they coordinated and accountable
• Advocacy: what policy and budgetary decisions are needed to create a supported environment (and what data are needed)
Analysis
• Social behavior change formative research and decision making mapping
• Household livelihood security assessment (coping strategies)
• Household economic assessment; Cost of diet
• Gender analysis
Framework for Nutrition Resilience Program Opportunities

Women in northern Kenya play an important role in livestock value chains but face barriers to full participation and empowerment. A study with 660 participants in Marsabit and Isiolo examined how empowering women through livestock interventions could improve maternal and child nutrition. The study found that women's time-consuming responsibilities negatively impact nutrition and market access. While women control income from livestock products, men predominantly control income from live animal sales. Increasing women's engagement in production and sale of livestock products may help improve feeding practices and nutritional status.

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- Fiji has experienced a health crisis with 70% of deaths from non-communicable diseases like heart disease and diabetes. This is attributed to a shift away from nutrient-rich local foods to processed foods. - When the pandemic hit, many lost their jobs in tourism and had trouble feeding their families. FRIEND responded by providing food banks, seedlings, and training in food preservation and urban gardening to grow local foods. - Partnerships were formed between organizations, communities, and the government to promote communal gardens, resilient crop varieties, and new food systems focused on local foods to improve nutrition and food security.

Gender and Social Inclusion Activities in East Africa

CCAFS | CGIAR Research Program on Climate Change, Agriculture and Food Security

This study examines gender differences in household food security in East Africa and implications for climate change adaptation. The study uses survey data from 600 households in 68 villages across three sites in Uganda, Kenya and Tanzania. Logistic regression analysis found that crop diversification, higher productivity (crop yields), and incomes are positively correlated with increased food security, while female-headed households are less food secure than male-headed households. The study concludes that actions to address inequalities in governance systems and institutions supporting food systems, as well as social norms, could significantly improve household food security, especially for female-headed households through increased access to productive assets, extension services, and practices that encourage diversification and productivity.

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This document summarizes an enhanced homestead food production project in Burkina Faso aimed at improving food security and nutrition. The project establishes village model farms run by women's groups to demonstrate improved agricultural practices and establish household gardens. It also provides nutrition education and generates income. An impact assessment will evaluate changes in anthropometrics, anemia rates, and nutrition knowledge and practices from baseline to endline. The project faces challenges around water availability and sustainability but shows successes in its integrated multi-sectoral approach and strong community participation.

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This document discusses why gender is important for agricultural productivity in Africa. It notes that women make up 30-80% of the agricultural workforce in Africa but face challenges. Estimates show gender gaps in productivity could be reduced by 13-30% by equalizing access to resources. However, current estimates only measure land productivity and do not fully account for women's labor or outputs. The document outlines challenges in accurately measuring gender gaps and proposes recommendations like increasing women's access to labor, higher value crops, and agricultural inputs to improve productivity while empowering women.

EOA2016: Connecting Through Food

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This document discusses using food as a way to connect communities and empower people. It describes three organizations - Farmer Frog, MALDEF, and CHIP - that use food and nutrition education to build relationships, foster cultural understanding, and empower participants to make healthier choices. The organizations create social connections and support systems through school gardens, workshops on culturally relevant foods, and lifestyle change programs.

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Drought and the COVID-19 pandemic have severely impacted pastoral systems in Africa. When drought and COVID-19 converge, pastoralists face livestock losses due to restricted mobility, disruption of social support networks, and economic losses from poor livestock prices and closed markets. This exacerbates malnutrition, disease, and conflicts over scarce resources. Priorities for post-pandemic recovery in pastoral systems include reopening livestock markets, improving access to pasture, water and health services, establishing cross-border mobility protocols, adopting integrated health approaches, supporting distance learning, and strengthening policies and funding for early action in response to drought and epidemics.

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This document provides information on the development of a Compendium of Actions for Nutrition (CAN). It outlines the process used to develop the CAN, including establishing a classification structure, defining the format, establishing the scope of content, drafting, review, and finalization. It also provides examples of "Action Sheets" that will be included in the CAN, describing potential nutrition-related actions categorized under food, agriculture, and diets; maternal and child care; health-based; and social protection. Each action is further broken down into specific sub-actions.

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Marie T. Ruel discusses value chains for improving nutrition and food safety. Value chains can help address problems along the production, storage, processing, distribution and consumption of foods. They allow for coordination across different actors to identify opportunities to enhance nutrient content and prevent losses. While progress has been made in certain areas, more research is still needed on implementing nutrition-sensitive value chains at scale and measuring their impact and cost-effectiveness.

Approaching sustainable urban development in China through a food system pla...

Steffanie Scott

After more than two decades of rapid urbanization, Chinese cities now face severe sustainability challenges in terms of balancing economic viability, social justice, and environmental protection goals. While various types of planning have long been adopted to cope with these challenges, food as a centerpiece of daily life and of social and economic activity in cities has rarely been considered as a focus of urban planning in China, despite a lot of recent attention to food waste and food safety concerns. In contrast, over the past decade or more, cities in the west have seen food system planning emerge as a holistic lens to promote multifaceted urban development strategies. Community gardens and neighbourhood farmers’ markets are two common examples. In these strategies, food has been recognized as a powerful element that links closely with multiple economic, social, health, and environmental issues. This paper thus calls for an integration of food issues into urban planning in Chinese cities. Our paper reviews some successful cases of food system assessments and planning in the west and provides a preliminary framework for food system planning in China. The framework brings together various priorities: connecting people to the food system, community economic development, access to healthy food, ecological health, and integrated food policy. By applying this framework to examine urban food systems in China, our paper identifies strengths and challenges for achieving sustainability goals. This analysis also sets the stage for future research in urban food system planning in China.

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Mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services

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This document discusses mainstreaming gender and nutrition into agricultural extension services in Uganda. It begins with an introduction to Uganda's agricultural sector and policies related to agriculture, food, and nutrition security. It then covers linkages between agriculture and nutrition, challenges to gender and nutrition in agricultural extension, and the role of extension workers in addressing these issues. Practical approaches discussed include promoting enterprise mixes for regular income, producing diverse nutrient-rich foods, protecting the environment, considering gender and family needs, and promoting water, sanitation and hygiene practices. The document provides examples and recommendations for extension workers to integrate these approaches into their work.

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This document proposes a multi-phase strategy to address malnutrition in rural Ethiopia. Phase 1 involves assessing needs, partnering with local organizations, and providing emergency relief. Phase 2 pilots educational programs, microloans to produce vitamin powders, and fortifying urban foods. Phase 3 assesses outcomes, scales interventions, and pursues policy changes with a Community Advisory Board. The goal is to create sustainable solutions and break the cycle of malnutrition through community engagement, education, and increased access to nutrients.

2017 Statewide Case Competition: Team 6 - First Place (UAB)

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This document proposes an intervention strategy to address malnutrition in rural Ethiopia. It involves 3 phases: 1) emergency relief and community engagement, 2) a pilot program involving nutrition education, microloans for agricultural byproducts fortified with vitamins, and incentivizing food fortification, and 3) assessment, scaling up programs, and developing policies. The goal is to improve nutrition in the first 1000 days of life to prevent stunting and its long-term negative health impacts. Key strategies include empowering communities and establishing sustainable practices.

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The document discusses the roles of various stakeholders in improving food and nutrition security through mobilization and consultation. It identifies stakeholders like schools, parents, community leaders, development agencies, religious leaders, and different types of extension workers. It provides examples of how each stakeholder can contribute to promoting better farming techniques, education, access to resources, and healthy behaviors to increase food security. Stakeholder consultation is important as it increases accountability, assesses policy support/opposition, and empowers communities.

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