The document is a comprehensive presentation on panelling and cladding, covering historical aspects, characteristics, and various types of materials used in construction. It details different panelling types like aluminium composite, gypsum, acrylic, bamboo, wooden, and glass, along with their properties and applications. Additionally, the document explores cladding, its benefits, various types including brick, wood, stone, glass, and aluminum, and emphasizes the importance of cladding in construction for protection and aesthetics.

1. PRESENTATION
ON
PANELLING AND CLADDING
SUBMITTED TO:
PALAYA
AMANPREET
SUBMITTED BY:
MEHAK MEHRA
SEM 4
10602218311

2. INDEX
SRL NO. TITLE PAGE NO. REMARKS
THANK YOU
1.
7.
5.
3.
4.
6.
8.
2.
PANELLING
CHARACTERISTICS
IT’S TYPES
CLADDING
CHARACTERISTICS
IT’S TYPES
MARKET SURVEY
1-2
21
4-10
11-12
13
14-19
20
3

3. PANELLING:
 Panelling, in architecture and design, decorative treatment of
walls, ceilings, doors, and furniture consisting of a series of
wide, thin sheets of wood, called panels, framed together by
narrower, thicker strips of wood. The latter are called styles
(the external vertical strips), muntins (the internal vertical
strips), and rails (the horizontal strips). In Europe, simple
paneling on doors was used in Greco-Roman classical
architecture, as it was in the transitional Italian Romanesque
interiors. Its extensive use on walls and furnishings, however,
began in the Gothic period. The richness and warmth of interior
wood paneling is a highly characteristic aspect of the Tudor and
Elizabethan styles of decoration in England.

4.  Early Tudor walls are profusely carved, often in fielded
panels, in which the central area is raised above the
framing. One particularly popular form of fielded panel was
the linenfold, featuring stylized carvings that represent
vertically folded linen; Hampton Court Palace near London
contains many superb examples. In the English
Renaissance, paneling became simpler; in the France of
kings Louis XIV and XV, it was lavish and ornate; and in
the Italian Renaissance, architects restricted its use to
ceilings. In 17th-century New England, paneling was used
but without decoration; in the 18th century it became more
decorative, especially in the Southern colonies of what
became the United States.
 In all these historical instances the paneling was almost
always made of either oak or pine. In the 20th century an
enormous variety of materials came into use: solid wood
(walnut, mahogany, birch, redwood), plywood (a thin wood
veneer on a plywood base), vinyl with surface imitating
wood grain, hardboard (or pressed wood), pegboard, and
even translucent materials such as lucite.

5. CHARACTERISTICS:
 Surface texture: Panels can have different surface qualities
 Workability: Panels can be cut into different shapes and sizes with
common tools
 Weight: Wood has a good ratio of weight to structural performance
 Durability: Panels can resist chemicals and weather if treated with
preservatives or finished properly
 Surface durability: Panels can be designed to be resistant to wear and
punctures
 Customizability: Custom-designed panels can meet specific needs
 Thermal properties: Wood panels have different thermal degradation,
conductivity, ignition points, and performance when exposed to cryogenic
temperatures or extreme heat
 Fire-resistant properties: Fire-resistant treatments and paints can be used,
or untreated panels can be exposed to flames
 Permeability: The rate of moisture transmission through a panel, measured
using ASTM Method E96

6. TYPES OF PANELLING:
There are a number of different types of panels that one could put up inside of
the home. While wood is the most popular building type, there are others that
could help add to this as well as decorative touches that could be placed on it
as well.
1.ALLUMINIUM COMPOSITE PANELS(ACP) 2.GYPSUM SHEETS
3.ACRYLIC SHEETS
4.BAMBOO PANELLING 5.WOODEN PANELLING
6.GLASS PANELLING

7. 1.ACP(ALLUMINIUM COMPOSITE
PANEL):
• An aluminium composite panel (ACP) consists of two foil-coated
aluminium sheets (typically around 0.5mm in thickness) bonded to
a core (around 2 to 5mm thick). Depending on the panel, this core
may be aluminium, mineral, or a thermoplastic polymer (usually
polyethylene).
• Due to their strength and light weight, ACPs are used frequently
in construction for insulation, partitions, false ceilings and external
cladding. When used externally, cladding may be found on walls,
balconies, palings, decorative features and around walls. It may be
matte or colourless. When installed in compliance with the
National Construction Code, ACPs are not unsafe as building
materials. However, the incorrect use or installation of ACPs may
pose a risk in the event of a fire. It is important to note that the
presence of external combustible cladding on a building does not
necessarily mean it is a fire hazard. It depends on where the
cladding has been applied and the building’s overall fire safety
measures

8. 2.GYPSUM PANELLING:
• Gypsum paneling, also known as drywall, is a building material made
of gypsum, a natural mineral, sandwiched between two layers of
paper. Gypsum paneling is fire-resistant, sound-reducing, durable,
economical, and versatile. It is used for walls, ceilings, and partitions.
Regular gypsum board: Has natural fire resistance from the gypsum in
the core
• Type X gypsum board: Has special core additives to increase the
natural fire resistance of regular gypsum board
• Gypsum paneling is also eco-friendly because it is made of natural
materials and can be recycled. Gypsum wall cladding panels are
economical, easy to install, and can be used in both traditional and
modern interiors.
• Gypsum paneling is not suitable for installation on curved
surfaces. Bends will damage the structural integrity and cause
cracks. Wallboards may not be as long-lasting, especially in high-traffic
locations. It is possible to dent them by heavy impact.
• RATE:52/sq ft.

9. 3.ACRYLIC SHEETS:
• Acrylic is a transparent plastic material with
outstanding strength, stiffness, and optical clarity. Acrylic sheet is
easy to fabricate, bonds well with adhesives and solvents, and is easy
to thermoform. It has superior weathering properties compared to
many other transparent plastics.
• Acrylic sheet exhibits glass-like qualities—clarity, brilliance, and
transparency—but at half the weight and many times the impact
resistance of glass. From durable signs and skylights, to eye-catching
retail store fixtures, displays and shelves, acrylic plastics provide
outstanding versatility, durability, and aesthetic qualities.
• Acrylic sheets are generally manufactured using the following two
processes:
1. Extrusion: In this process, the raw acrylic resin is melted and
pushed through a die, resulting in continuous sheets of uniform
thickness.
2. Cell Casting: This involves pouring liquid acrylic into molds,
yielding higher-quality sheets suitable for specialized applications.
• RATE:50/sq ft.

10. 4.BAMBOO PANELLING:
• Bamboo Panel Matting comes in flexible rolls that can
be used to cover walls and ceilings, to wrap around
posts, or as indoor floor mats. Aesthetic, durable, and
flexible - bamboo matting gives a tropical accent to any
home, garden, or outdoor project. Bamboo is one of the
world's strongest and quickest growing materials. Each
roll comes in 4' x 8' size and weighs roughly 20 lbs.
• Bamboo paneling presents a myriad of benefits that set
it apart from conventional wall coverings. Firstly,
bamboo is a highly renewable resource, known to grow
several feet in just a year. This rapid growth ensures a
continuous supply without harming the environment.
Secondly, bamboo’s inherent strength and resilience
make it an incredibly durable material for long-lasting
wall solutions
• RATE:35/sq ft.

11. 5.WOODEN PANELLING:
• Wooden paneling is a wall covering made of rigid or semi-rigid
wood boards, planks, or strips. It can also be made of plastic or
other materials. Wood paneling can add warmth and
sophistication to a room. It can be installed vertically,
horizontally, or in other intricate patterns depending on the
desired aesthetic.
• Wood paneling has been around since ancient times, when it
was used to make stone buildings more comfortable. There are
many types of wood paneling, including oak, pine, walnut, and
cherry, each with its own distinctive grain patterns and colors.
Some types of wood paneling include:
Wainscot: A type of paneling applied to the lower half of an
interior wall
Slat panel: A decorative wall and ceiling slat panel with high-
quality acoustic properties.
• RATE:150/sq ft.

12. 6.GLASS PANELLING:
• Glass paneling is a minimalistic style that uses glass
more in interior design. Glass panels are often smaller
sections of glass that can be customized for different
levels of transparency and designs. They are commonly
used in doors, windows, tables, shelves, and partition
walls, and can also be used for decoration in both homes
and offices.
• Glass paneling can create aesthetic appeal while
maintaining separation without sacrificing privacy. For
example, glass panels can help create a transitional
barrier between a living room and patio, or make a room
feel more airy and spacious with foldable glass
doors. Glass panel windows can also make a room feel
like you are sitting outdoors, enjoying the beauty and
greenery.
• RATE:75/sq ft.

13. CLADDING:
• Cladding is the application of one material over another to provide a skin or
layer. In construction, cladding is used to provide a degree of thermal
insulation and weather resistance, and to improve the appearance of
buildings.
• Cladding can be made of any of a wide range of materials including
wood, metal, brick, vinyl, and composite materials that can include
aluminium, wood, blends of cement and recycled polystyrene,
wheat/rice straw fibres.[2]
Rainscreen cladding is a form of weather
cladding designed to protect against the elements, but also offers
thermal insulation. The cladding does not itself need to be
waterproof, merely a control element: it may serve only to direct
water or wind safely away in order to control run-off and prevent its
infiltration into the building structure. Cladding may also be a
control element for noise, either entering or escaping. Cladding can
become a fire risk by design or material.

14. • Cladding is defined as a type material that covers the outside of an object. In an
architectural sense, cladding materials cover the exterior of a structure.
Cladding is an advantageous external surface to the integrity and design of a
building because:
• It offers a form of protection from outside elements and other environmental
conditions.
• It makes a building more fire-resistant
• It serves a decorative function by hiding more unattractive substrates, or strong
materials under the surface of cladding which act as a form of structural
support.
• Cladding does not have to be waterproof, but many modern structures use
waterproof cladding to control how external elements hit the surface of a
building. Because cladding keeps wind and rain out of a building, the structure
is able to last for a longer amount of time.
• Cladding can be most closely compared to human skin or other forms of
protection such as a raincoat. As rain, sand, or other debris hits the protective
surface, it is reflected and bounces away. The underlying components, such as
bones and organs or exterior clothing on the body in this example, remain
unharmed, not soaked, or free of any type of contamination. Cladding materials
are typically lightweight, and many come in the form of panels when applied in
architecture. Cladding is not usually part of a building's structural frame,
however, meaning it is not supportive of the building's weight.

15. CHARACTERISTICS:
• Structural Predictability- Can the sub-framing accommodate the loading (wind,
seismic, dead loads) for the specific cladding type, location and substrate (wood, steel
framing, concrete, CMU, AAC Block)?
• Thermal Predictability- Does the system minimize thermal bridging and offer
complete 3D thermal modeling? Meeting today's Energy Codes requires a strategy that
nearly always includes insulation on the exterior side of the structural wall.
• Safety in Fire- The cladding support and insulation should both be safe in a fire. NFPA
285 and CAN/ULC-S134 tests can help to determine the suitability of a wall assembly
in the case of a fire. These tests are required when one (or more) of the façade
components are combustible (with noted exceptions for air-barrier assemblies). Using
non-combustible components ensures safety in a fire.
• Constructability- Can the system be easily installed under conditions that are
representative of actual jobsite environment? The system should also be EASY TO
ADJUST. It is not uncommon for walls to be out of plumb and to move in an out. Not
having to shim makes installing considerably easier. Projects with articulated facades
may also require a range of cavity depths from 2 to 12 inches (or more). Cladding
support systems need to be able to accommodate this range.
• Complete- Lastly, the same support systems should be engineered from the substrate
to the back of the panel. There are many "hybrid" systems where the furring is by one
manufacturer, everything beyond the furring is "by others". Having a single source
responsible for the connections from the substrate to the panel simplifies the process.
A mature manufacturer can offer engineered, stamped, coordinated shop drawings. Be
sure that the system and its components are suitable for the location including proper
corrosion resistance for marine environments when needed,

16. TYPES OF CLADDING:
Cladding can make a building's facade more attractive. Here are some types
of cladding:
1.BRICK CLADDING 2.WOODEN CLADDING
3.STONE CLADDING 4.GLASS CLADDING 5.ALUMINIUM CLADDING

17. 1.BRICK CLADDING:
• Brick cladding is an exterior face of the brick being used for a
brick-built structure. Cladding is the term generally used for the
outer envelope of a building and the protective layer that
protects the interior. Although cladding does not typically
support weight and thus is not able to contribute to stability, it
can play a number of other important roles in a building. Brick
cladding is a common type of cladding.
• It can also be found in many other parts of the world, and its
becoming more and more popular. Brick has always stood the
test of time and has been used for centuries by many cultures.
This type of cladding offers itself to a number of different
architectural design categories from traditional to minimalist to
ultra modern.
• Brick cladding can repel and shed water, so water cannot get to
the internal framing. This minimizes the chance of mould and
mildew causing damage to the framing. This keeps the interior
dry and comfortable by keeping water out, this is one of several
ways in which the use of brick cladding can be advantageous
over other cladding types.

18. 2.WOODEN CLADDING:
• Wood Cladding is a multi-faceted process that involves
covering the exteriors of any building or structure with a
layer of premium materials that provide thermal
insulation and protection against the harsh
environmental conditions. Very often this exterior surface
also controls how elements hit or fall on a surface.
Cladding panels offer certain advantages over other
options as they provide added protection to the building,
they are also a low-maintenance, non-combustible and
environment-friendly option that fulfil your decorative
needs.
• Wood cladding is a natural material that can be used to
cover the exterior of a building or structure. It is a multi-
faceted process that involves layering thin strips of wood
on top of one another to create a sleek, polished
look. Wood cladding can be used for exterior siding,
finishes, shingles, tiles, and insulation.

19. 3.STONE CLADDING:
• Stone cladding, also known as stone veneer or stacked stone,
is a thin layer of stone that can be applied to the interior or
exterior of a building to create a textured appearance. It can
be made from natural or artificial stone, and is often used as
part of a building's original architectural design. Natural
stone is preferred for a more rustic, durable finish, while
artificial stone is known as engineered stone.
• Stone cladding is durable, weather-resistant, and low
maintenance. It can also help a building stay warm in
winter and cool in summer. Stone cladding adds R-value to a
wall, and some say it has other benefits over insulation,
such as weatherproofness, fireproofness, and improved
resale value.
• Stone cladding is not meant to be load-bearing, and is
strictly for decorative purposes and protection against
weather and wear. However, stone cladding can add R-value
to a wall, and some say it has other benefits over insulation.

20. 4.GLASS CLADDING:
• Glass cladding is a technique used in architecture that involves
covering a building's exterior with glass panes. It's a cost-effective
alternative to painting, tiling, and other decorations. Glass cladding
can: Protect a building's frame and exterior, Enhance the building's
aesthetic appeal, Provide privacy and security, and Create an external
facade.
• Manufacturers and builders can use various materials to construct cladding
(plywood, metal, natural stone, plastic, and glass). However, only glass
cladding gives architects and designers the extensive design verticality to
create unique and eye-catching buildings. It also provides significant
construction and maintenance benefits and helps building teams improve a
structure’s sustainability and indoor environmental quality (IEQ).
• Doesn’t increase a building’s dead load, like heavy stones, which makes glass
cladding ideal for high-rise steel structures
• Speeds up the construction process with quick and easy to install prefabricated
panels, unlike concrete which requires adequate curing time
• Saves contractors money with glass cladding because installing the
prefabricated panels requires less specialized trades, reduces job site labor, and
minimizes scaffolding use

21. 5.ALUMINIUM CLADDING:
• Aluminum cladding is a thin layer of aluminum coating applied to
the exterior of a building to protect it from the elements and add
aesthetics. It's made from solid aluminum panels, aluminum
composite panels, or solid extruded boards. Aluminum cladding is
lightweight, durable, and machinable, making it easy to install. It's
also 100% recyclable, has a low carbon footprint, and can improve
insulation.
• Aluminum cladding systems are durable building materials applied
to a facade to protect the facility from exterior elements. In the
construction industry, the term “cladding” means a building
covering system that protects the building by offering an extra layer
while providing aesthetics. Since architects and building contractors
utilize metal cladding systems for current projects, manufacturers
are developing modern aluminum cladding systems with high
functionality and beautiful finishes. Thanks to modern technologies
and development methods, today’s aluminum panels experience
quality improvements and can last for a long.

22. MARKET
SURVEY:

23. THANK YOU!