Pain is a complex experience involving biological, psychological, and social factors. It is categorized by duration, location, and cause. Acute pain results from injury and lasts less than 6 months, while chronic pain lasts 6 months or longer and is influenced by emotions. Pain is also classified by location and cause to aid treatment. Nurses play an important role in pain assessment and management, which is a vital sign. They use scales to measure intensity and observe nonverbal cues. Treatment includes pharmacological interventions like opioids, NSAIDs, and antidepressants, as well as nonpharmacological comfort measures and education. The goal is pain relief through comprehensive nursing care.