PA and PN
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Predicate adjectives (PAs) and predicate nouns (PNs) are words that follow linking verbs and describe the subject of the sentence. Linking verbs connect the subject to another word by expressing a state of being rather than an action. Common linking verbs include forms of be, seem, become, and feel. PAs are adjectives that describe the subject, while PNs are nouns that rename the subject. Both PAs and PNs only follow linking verbs and not action verbs.
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3) The document then shifts to discussing the present continuous tense, providing examples of sentences using the pattern of subject + verb to be + verb+ing. Sample questions like "What are you doing?" are given along with answer patterns.
Transitive. intransitive verbs by javier burgos
Verbs can express actions or states of being. There are two main types of verbs - action verbs and linking verbs. Action verbs take direct objects, while linking verbs link subjects to nouns or adjectives and do not take direct objects. Verbs have principal parts including the root form, past tense form, present participle form, and past participle form. Helping verbs are used with verb forms to create different tenses. Verbs can also vary by voice, mood, and whether they are transitive or intransitive.
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Subject and Verb
The document discusses the key parts of a sentence - the subject, verb, and verb phrase. It defines a subject as the main character or thing doing an action or linking verb. A verb is used to describe an action or state of being and shows what the subject is doing. A verb phrase contains the verb and any direct or indirect objects but not the subject. The document also distinguishes between action verbs, which show physical or mental actions, and linking verbs such as is, are, was, were, which express a state of being.
Run On Sentences
The document discusses examples of conjunctions used with commas in sentences about playing in the snow. It then provides a quiz with 3 sentences about building snow forts and igloos and having a snowball fight. The sentences describe how an igloo roof fell in from added snow, neighbors building a bigger snow fort that was huge, and heavy snow the previous day.
Subjects and Verbs
This document defines and provides examples of subjects, verbs, and examples. Subjects are people or things being discussed or dealt with. Verbs describe actions, states, or occurrences and form the main part of a sentence's predicate. Examples then demonstrate subjects performing actions described by verbs, such as a dolphin jumping over a whale or a shark attacking an octopus.
Prepositions
This document defines prepositions and prepositional phrases. It explains that prepositions describe where a noun is located and lists common prepositions like at, above, of, in, onto, beside, between, on, and beneath. It notes that a prepositional phrase starts with a preposition and ends with a noun, providing examples. The document then asks the reader to identify prepositions in sentences and find prepositional phrases, giving examples for practice.
Possessives
Singular and plural possessive nouns show possession or ownership. To form a singular possessive, add an apostrophe and 's' to the singular noun. For plural nouns ending in 's', add only an apostrophe after the 's' to show possession. For plural nouns not ending in 's', add an apostrophe and 's'. Some nouns are exceptions and do not change in the plural form or when made possessive.
Correcting Run Ons
- Semicolons are used to join two independent clauses without using a conjunction. There is no need for conjunctions with semicolons. Semicolons are best used when the clauses are related.
- Commas must be used together with conjunctions like "and", "or", and "but" to join two independent clauses. Using only a comma or only a conjunction is not enough.
- The document provides examples of inserting semicolons and commas combined with conjunctions in sentences to correctly join independent clauses.
Direct Objects and Indirect Objects
The document defines and provides examples of direct objects and indirect objects in sentences. It explains that direct objects can only follow action verbs and answer the question "what?" It also notes that indirect objects require a direct object and answer "to whom" or "for whom." Examples are provided of identifying direct objects and indirect objects in sentences and ensuring they do not appear in prepositional phrases. Key terms like direct object, indirect object, and action verbs are highlighted and defined.
Prepositional Phrases
The document discusses prepositions and prepositional phrases. It provides examples of common prepositions like "above", "beyond", and "in". It also gives examples of full sentences containing prepositional phrases like "above my head", "beyond the baseball field", and "in the pool". The document seeks to explain what a preposition is, its relationship to other words, and how a prepositional phrase is formed with a preposition and a noun or pronoun.
Subject Verb
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This document discusses the use of commas after introductory phrases. It provides examples of sentences using introductory phrases like "after it rains" and "in a rainbow." These phrases must be set apart from the rest of the sentence by commas. Introductory words like "when" and "finally" also require commas. The document includes a quiz testing the use of commas after introductory phrases and words in sample sentences. It concludes that introductory phrases and words must be set apart by commas.
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PA and PN
- 1. Predicate Adj. and Predicate Nouns
- 2. What are P.A. and P.N.? Also known as Predicate Adjectives, and Predicate Nouns. P.A. and P.N. only works with linking verbs.
- 3. Why a linking verb? Linking verbs are very different from action verbs. With actions verbs you are physically doing it. Or you are doing it with BODY, BRAIN, HEART. Linking verbs express a state of being. They LINK the subject to another word.
- 4. Examples of Linking Verbs • Is • Are • Were • Seem • Turned (turned may sound like an action verb. However in this case it means like “the dog turned green) • Feels • Become
- 5. There are some verbs that can be used as both action and linking. • Appear Feel • Look Seem • Sound Taste These can be used as • Become Grow more than a linking verbs. • Remain Smell • Stay Turn
- 6. Examples • Most horses are big. • Lucky, the dog, is a good competitor. • Dr. Rosen is our vet.
- 7. Examples • The cat turned blue. • I am the vet. • The dog is excited.
- 8. Predicate Adjective • A Predicate Adjective is similar to a Predicate Noun in that it always comes after a Linking Verb. • The Predicate Adjective is always an Adjective. • The PA describes the Subject. • Since a Linking Verb acts like an equals sign, Subject = Predicate Adjective • You will not have a PN and a PA next to each other!
- 9. P.N. • A Predicate Noun is always a Noun. • A Predicate Noun will never come inside a prepositional phrase. • Unless it is a question, the Predicate Noun will always come after the linking verb: Subject-Linking Verb-Predicate Noun
- 10. Predicat Noun • Predicate Noun is linked to the Subject by a linking verb. • Remember that linking verbs act like equals signs. The Subject = Predicate Noun