1) The document discusses parts of speech like adjectives and verbs. It provides examples of different types of adjectives describing color, size, shape, numbers, appearance, weather, and emotions. 2) Examples of simple sentence structures are given using subject + verb (to be) + adjective patterns and subject + verb (has/have) + adjective phrase patterns. 3) The document then shifts to discussing the present continuous tense, providing examples of sentences using the pattern of subject + verb to be + verb+ing. Sample questions like "What are you doing?" are given along with answer patterns.