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This document contains summaries of key topics from Chapter 3 of a criminal justice textbook, including free will and moral responsibility, biological and social influences on criminal behavior, territoriality and prison violence, and the implications of free will and determinism on the criminal justice system. It also lists discussion questions about police officer discretion and how soft determinism relates to criminal intent and responsibility.
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[2] It identifies factors that can contribute to juvenile crimes, such as lack of parental guidance, peer pressure, poverty, and psychiatric illnesses. Most juvenile crimes are committed by those aged 16-18 years old.
[3] Solutions proposed to address juvenile crimes include counseling, special behavioral programs, moral and sex education, stricter parenting, and creating a supportive social environment for youth.
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Meet your professor
Mr. Perez has over 33 years of experience in education, including 20 years serving in the military. He holds a Master's in Business Administration and Bachelor's in Applied Sciences. Mr. Perez also has an Associate's in Science and Associate's in Arts. He has worked as an executive director for over 20 years and has experience working for corporations like IBM and General Electric.
Human resources assignment
1) German workers have shorter average work weeks of 30-37 hours compared to 37.7 hours in the US, are guaranteed at least 5 weeks of annual vacation by law, and fiercely resist working evenings and weekends.
2) At a German department store, staff turnover is negligible while it is 40% annually at an American store like JC Penney, where many employees work second jobs and 60+ hours per week due to economic necessity.
3) A German department store supervisor sees no need to shop at night and values free time that cannot be paid for, taking only the mandated 37 hour work week, while an American merchandising manager feels she must work evenings/weekends and bring work home to
Bad360 operations management online
This syllabus outlines the course requirements for a 4.5 quarter credit Operations Management course at Florida Technical College. The course will cover key operations management concepts over 4 weeks, including operations strategy, process design, forecasting, inventory management, and quality management. Students will be evaluated based on attendance, professionalism, out-of-class assignments, labs/quizzes, a midterm exam, and a final exam. The syllabus details expectations for online and on-campus attendance, grading scale, academic conduct policy, and assigned reading for each week.
Heizer om10 mod_f
This document discusses simulation as a modeling technique for operations management problems. It defines simulation as imitating real-world systems mathematically to study their properties. The key steps in simulation are defined as defining the problem, introducing important variables, constructing a model, specifying variable values for testing, running experiments, examining results, and deciding on actions. Advantages include flexibility to model complex systems, while disadvantages include cost and potential for different solutions between runs. Monte Carlo simulation and examples of queuing and inventory simulations using probability distributions and random numbers are provided. Software tools for developing complex simulations are also discussed.
Heizer om10 mod_e
This document discusses learning curves, which show that the time or cost to produce each additional unit of a product or service decreases as total cumulative production volume increases. It presents three approaches to calculating learning curves: arithmetic, logarithmic, and learning curve coefficient. The strategic implications of learning curves are also examined, such as pursuing a steeper learning curve than competitors. Limitations include learning curves varying by organization and industry and being sensitive to changes in work processes or personnel.
Heizer om10 mod_d
This document outlines key concepts in queuing theory and waiting line models. It begins with defining characteristics of waiting line systems such as arrivals, queues, and service facilities. It then covers specific queuing models including the single channel M/M/1 model, multiple channel M/M/S model, and constant service time M/D/1 model. Metrics for measuring queue performance are discussed. The document concludes with learning objectives related to applying different queuing formulas and models.
Heizer om10 mod_c
The document discusses various transportation modeling methods for determining the least costly way to distribute products from sources to destinations. It begins with an overview of transportation modeling and its use in distribution and location decisions. Three methods for developing initial solutions to transportation problems are then covered: the northwest-corner rule, intuitive lowest-cost method, and stepping-stone method. The document provides examples of how to apply each method to transportation matrices and discusses how they can be used to find feasible but not necessarily optimal solutions. Learning objectives are also listed for understanding transportation modeling and different solution techniques.
Heizer om10 mod_b
This document outlines the key concepts and steps for solving linear programming problems using graphical and algebraic methods. It begins with an introduction to linear programming and its applications. It then discusses the requirements and formulation of linear programming problems, including defining the objective function and constraints. The document presents examples of solving linear programming graphically using the iso-profit line and corner-point methods. It also covers sensitivity analysis, changes to resources and the objective function, and solving minimization problems. The overall learning objectives are presented to understand how to model, graphically solve, perform sensitivity analysis on, and apply linear programming problems.
Heizer om10 mod_a
This document outlines the key concepts and methods for decision making under uncertainty, risk, and certainty. It discusses tools like decision trees and tables that can be used to evaluate alternatives and choose the best option. Specific techniques covered include expected monetary value, maximax/maximin, and expected value of perfect information. Examples are provided to demonstrate how to use decision trees to model sequential or complex decisions and calculate the expected monetary value at each decision node. The document is intended to teach students the fundamentals and applications of quantitative decision making.
Heizer om10 ch17
This document discusses maintenance and reliability in operations management. It begins by outlining key topics like the strategic importance of maintenance and reliability, improving reliability, and different types of maintenance. It then provides examples from Orlando Utilities Commission to illustrate concepts like the costs of unexpected outages and the value of preventive maintenance. The document also explains techniques to improve reliability and maintenance like preventing failures in individual components, providing redundancy, and implementing preventive maintenance programs. Overall, the document aims to describe how organizations can enhance system reliability and maintenance practices.
Heizer om10 ch16
The document outlines key concepts related to just-in-time (JIT) and lean operations, including:
1) JIT aims to have materials arrive where and when needed through partnerships with suppliers, small lot sizes, and reduced setup times. This eliminates waste and improves throughput.
2) The Toyota Production System emphasizes removing variability, respect for employees, and continuous improvement.
3) Implementing JIT, TPS, and lean concepts requires focusing on eliminating waste, removing variability from processes, and improving throughput across the organization.
Heizer om10 ch15
The document outlines topics related to short-term scheduling including:
- The importance of effective short-term scheduling for competitiveness.
- Key issues in scheduling like type (forward/backward) and priority criteria.
- Tools for scheduling like Gantt charts, assignment methods, and priority rules.
- Concepts are illustrated with examples like input-output control and job sequencing.
- The document appears to be from a textbook or course on operations management and short-term scheduling.
Heizer om10 ch14
The document outlines the key components of material requirements planning (MRP), including dependent demand, master production schedules, bills of material, accurate inventory records, lead times, and MRP structure and reports. It provides examples to illustrate how MRP works, including developing gross requirements and net requirements plans by exploding bills of material levels and offsetting requirements by item lead times. The goal of MRP is to determine the timing and quantities of orders needed for components to meet a master production schedule and end item demand based on available inventory and lead times.
Heizer om10 ch13
This document outlines a graphical aggregate planning example for a roofing supplier. It includes the expected monthly demand forecasts, production capacity information, and relevant cost data. A level production strategy is presented where production is kept constant at 50 units per day, resulting in some inventory buildup and reduction each month to balance supply and demand. The total inventory carried over the planning period and required workforce to maintain the 50 unit per day production rate are calculated. Graphical and tabular presentations are provided to illustrate the example aggregate plan.
Heizer om10 ch12
The document outlines a chapter on inventory management. It discusses key inventory concepts like the economic order quantity (EOQ) model, ABC analysis for classifying inventory items, and cycle counting to maintain inventory records. It also provides an example calculation of the optimal order quantity using the EOQ model formula. The learning objectives cover how to apply concepts like the EOQ model, safety stock, production order quantity, and probabilistic inventory models.
Heizer om10 ch11
The document outlines topics related to supply chain management that will be covered in an upcoming chapter. It includes an outline listing key sections such as global company profiles, supply chain strategies, managing the supply chain, logistics management and measuring performance. It also lists learning objectives for the chapter and provides examples from companies like Darden Restaurants to illustrate strategic importance of supply chains and how supply chain decisions impact business strategy.
Heizer om10 ch10
The document outlines topics related to human resources management, job design, and work measurement. It includes an overview of key concepts such as labor planning, employment policies, job classification, job design approaches like specialization and expansion. It also discusses psychological factors in job design, self-directed teams, and motivation systems. Additional sections cover ergonomics, work environment factors, and various methods for analyzing work including time and motion studies. The overall document provides an outline and introduction to issues organizations should consider to effectively manage their human resources.
Heizer om10 ch09
This document outlines the key concepts in facility layout strategies. It begins with an overview of different types of layouts, including office, retail, warehouse, fixed position, process-oriented, work cell, and product-oriented layouts. For each type of layout, the document discusses the objectives and provides examples. It then covers specific layout strategies and considerations in more detail for offices, retail stores, warehouses, process-oriented facilities, and work cells. The document uses examples like McDonald's redesign and a hospital layout to illustrate process-oriented layouts. It also includes a step-by-step example of analyzing and designing a process-oriented layout to minimize material handling costs.
Heizer om10 ch08
The document outlines factors that affect location decisions for companies. It discusses seven major factors including labor productivity, exchange rates, costs, political risks, proximity to markets/suppliers/competitors, and methods for evaluating location alternatives such as the factor-rating method, locational break-even analysis, and center-of-gravity method. The document uses examples from FedEx and various industries to illustrate key concepts in strategic facility location planning.
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GNSS spoofing via SDR (Criptored Talks 2024)
In the realm of cybersecurity, offensive security practices act as a critical shield. By simulating real-world attacks in a controlled environment, these techniques expose vulnerabilities before malicious actors can exploit them. This proactive approach allows manufacturers to identify and fix weaknesses, significantly enhancing system security.
This presentation delves into the development of a system designed to mimic Galileo's Open Service signal using software-defined radio (SDR) technology. We'll begin with a foundational overview of both Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) and the intricacies of digital signal processing.
The presentation culminates in a live demonstration. We'll showcase the manipulation of Galileo's Open Service pilot signal, simulating an attack on various software and hardware systems. This practical demonstration serves to highlight the potential consequences of unaddressed vulnerabilities, emphasizing the importance of offensive security practices in safeguarding critical infrastructure.
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Freshworks Rethinks NoSQL for Rapid Scaling & Cost-Efficiency
Freshworks creates AI-boosted business software that helps employees work more efficiently and effectively. Managing data across multiple RDBMS and NoSQL databases was already a challenge at their current scale. To prepare for 10X growth, they knew it was time to rethink their database strategy. Learn how they architected a solution that would simplify scaling while keeping costs under control.
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I develop the Ruby programming language, RubyGems, and Bundler, which are package managers for Ruby. Today, I will introduce how to enhance the security of your application using open-source software (OSS) examples from Ruby and RubyGems.
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5th LF Energy Power Grid Model Meet-up Slides
5th Power Grid Model Meet-up
It is with great pleasure that we extend to you an invitation to the 5th Power Grid Model Meet-up, scheduled for 6th June 2024. This event will adopt a hybrid format, allowing participants to join us either through an online Mircosoft Teams session or in person at TU/e located at Den Dolech 2, Eindhoven, Netherlands. The meet-up will be hosted by Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e), a research university specializing in engineering science & technology.
Power Grid Model
The global energy transition is placing new and unprecedented demands on Distribution System Operators (DSOs). Alongside upgrades to grid capacity, processes such as digitization, capacity optimization, and congestion management are becoming vital for delivering reliable services.
Power Grid Model is an open source project from Linux Foundation Energy and provides a calculation engine that is increasingly essential for DSOs. It offers a standards-based foundation enabling real-time power systems analysis, simulations of electrical power grids, and sophisticated what-if analysis. In addition, it enables in-depth studies and analysis of the electrical power grid’s behavior and performance. This comprehensive model incorporates essential factors such as power generation capacity, electrical losses, voltage levels, power flows, and system stability.
Power Grid Model is currently being applied in a wide variety of use cases, including grid planning, expansion, reliability, and congestion studies. It can also help in analyzing the impact of renewable energy integration, assessing the effects of disturbances or faults, and developing strategies for grid control and optimization.
What to expect
For the upcoming meetup we are organizing, we have an exciting lineup of activities planned:
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-An update on the latest advancements in Power Grid -Model technology during the first and second quarters of 2024.
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-An opportunity to connect with fellow Power Grid Model enthusiasts and users.
zkStudyClub - LatticeFold: A Lattice-based Folding Scheme and its Application...
Folding is a recent technique for building efficient recursive SNARKs. Several elegant folding protocols have been proposed, such as Nova, Supernova, Hypernova, Protostar, and others. However, all of them rely on an additively homomorphic commitment scheme based on discrete log, and are therefore not post-quantum secure. In this work we present LatticeFold, the first lattice-based folding protocol based on the Module SIS problem. This folding protocol naturally leads to an efficient recursive lattice-based SNARK and an efficient PCD scheme. LatticeFold supports folding low-degree relations, such as R1CS, as well as high-degree relations, such as CCS. The key challenge is to construct a secure folding protocol that works with the Ajtai commitment scheme. The difficulty, is ensuring that extracted witnesses are low norm through many rounds of folding. We present a novel technique using the sumcheck protocol to ensure that extracted witnesses are always low norm no matter how many rounds of folding are used. Our evaluation of the final proof system suggests that it is as performant as Hypernova, while providing post-quantum security.
Paper Link: https://eprint.iacr.org/2024/257
Generating privacy-protected synthetic data using Secludy and Milvus
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HCL Notes und Domino Lizenzkostenreduzierung in der Welt von DLAU
Webinar Recording: https://www.panagenda.com/webinars/hcl-notes-und-domino-lizenzkostenreduzierung-in-der-welt-von-dlau/
DLAU und die Lizenzen nach dem CCB- und CCX-Modell sind für viele in der HCL-Community seit letztem Jahr ein heißes Thema. Als Notes- oder Domino-Kunde haben Sie vielleicht mit unerwartet hohen Benutzerzahlen und Lizenzgebühren zu kämpfen. Sie fragen sich vielleicht, wie diese neue Art der Lizenzierung funktioniert und welchen Nutzen sie Ihnen bringt. Vor allem wollen Sie sicherlich Ihr Budget einhalten und Kosten sparen, wo immer möglich. Das verstehen wir und wir möchten Ihnen dabei helfen!
Wir erklären Ihnen, wie Sie häufige Konfigurationsprobleme lösen können, die dazu führen können, dass mehr Benutzer gezählt werden als nötig, und wie Sie überflüssige oder ungenutzte Konten identifizieren und entfernen können, um Geld zu sparen. Es gibt auch einige Ansätze, die zu unnötigen Ausgaben führen können, z. B. wenn ein Personendokument anstelle eines Mail-Ins für geteilte Mailboxen verwendet wird. Wir zeigen Ihnen solche Fälle und deren Lösungen. Und natürlich erklären wir Ihnen das neue Lizenzmodell.
Nehmen Sie an diesem Webinar teil, bei dem HCL-Ambassador Marc Thomas und Gastredner Franz Walder Ihnen diese neue Welt näherbringen. Es vermittelt Ihnen die Tools und das Know-how, um den Überblick zu bewahren. Sie werden in der Lage sein, Ihre Kosten durch eine optimierte Domino-Konfiguration zu reduzieren und auch in Zukunft gering zu halten.
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Building automations in FME Flow can save time, money, and help businesses scale by eliminating data silos and providing data to stakeholders in real-time. One essential component to orchestrating complex automations is the use of attributes & automation parameters (both formerly known as “keys”). In fact, it’s unlikely you’ll ever build an Automation without using these components, but what exactly are they?
Attributes & automation parameters enable the automation author to pass data values from one automation component to the next. During this webinar, our FME Flow Specialists will cover leveraging the three types of these output attributes & parameters in FME Flow: Event, Custom, and Automation. As a bonus, they’ll also be making use of the Split-Merge Block functionality.
You’ll leave this webinar with a better understanding of how to maximize the potential of automations by making use of attributes & automation parameters, with the ultimate goal of setting your enterprise integration workflows up on autopilot.
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...
“Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transfor...Edge AI and Vision Alliance
For the full video of this presentation, please visit: https://www.edge-ai-vision.com/2024/06/temporal-event-neural-networks-a-more-efficient-alternative-to-the-transformer-a-presentation-from-brainchip/
Chris Jones, Director of Product Management at BrainChip , presents the “Temporal Event Neural Networks: A More Efficient Alternative to the Transformer” tutorial at the May 2024 Embedded Vision Summit.
The expansion of AI services necessitates enhanced computational capabilities on edge devices. Temporal Event Neural Networks (TENNs), developed by BrainChip, represent a novel and highly efficient state-space network. TENNs demonstrate exceptional proficiency in handling multi-dimensional streaming data, facilitating advancements in object detection, action recognition, speech enhancement and language model/sequence generation. Through the utilization of polynomial-based continuous convolutions, TENNs streamline models, expedite training processes and significantly diminish memory requirements, achieving notable reductions of up to 50x in parameters and 5,000x in energy consumption compared to prevailing methodologies like transformers.
Integration with BrainChip’s Akida neuromorphic hardware IP further enhances TENNs’ capabilities, enabling the realization of highly capable, portable and passively cooled edge devices. This presentation delves into the technical innovations underlying TENNs, presents real-world benchmarks, and elucidates how this cutting-edge approach is positioned to revolutionize edge AI across diverse applications.Apps Break Data
How information systems are built or acquired puts information, which is what they should be about, in a secondary place. Our language adapted accordingly, and we no longer talk about information systems but applications. Applications evolved in a way to break data into diverse fragments, tightly coupled with applications and expensive to integrate. The result is technical debt, which is re-paid by taking even bigger "loans", resulting in an ever-increasing technical debt. Software engineering and procurement practices work in sync with market forces to maintain this trend. This talk demonstrates how natural this situation is. The question is: can something be done to reverse the trend?
Dandelion Hashtable: beyond billion requests per second on a commodity server
This slide deck presents DLHT, a concurrent in-memory hashtable. Despite efforts to optimize hashtables, that go as far as sacrificing core functionality, state-of-the-art designs still incur multiple memory accesses per request and block request processing in three cases. First, most hashtables block while waiting for data to be retrieved from memory. Second, open-addressing designs, which represent the current state-of-the-art, either cannot free index slots on deletes or must block all requests to do so. Third, index resizes block every request until all objects are copied to the new index. Defying folklore wisdom, DLHT forgoes open-addressing and adopts a fully-featured and memory-aware closed-addressing design based on bounded cache-line-chaining. This design offers lock-free index operations and deletes that free slots instantly, (2) completes most requests with a single memory access, (3) utilizes software prefetching to hide memory latencies, and (4) employs a novel non-blocking and parallel resizing. In a commodity server and a memory-resident workload, DLHT surpasses 1.6B requests per second and provides 3.5x (12x) the throughput of the state-of-the-art closed-addressing (open-addressing) resizable hashtable on Gets (Deletes).
AppSec PNW: Android and iOS Application Security with MobSF
Mobile Security Framework - MobSF is a free and open source automated mobile application security testing environment designed to help security engineers, researchers, developers, and penetration testers to identify security vulnerabilities, malicious behaviours and privacy concerns in mobile applications using static and dynamic analysis. It supports all the popular mobile application binaries and source code formats built for Android and iOS devices. In addition to automated security assessment, it also offers an interactive testing environment to build and execute scenario based test/fuzz cases against the application.
This talk covers:
Using MobSF for static analysis of mobile applications.
Interactive dynamic security assessment of Android and iOS applications.
Solving Mobile app CTF challenges.
Reverse engineering and runtime analysis of Mobile malware.
How to shift left and integrate MobSF/mobsfscan SAST and DAST in your build pipeline.
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift.pdf
Monitoring and Managing Anomaly Detection on OpenShift
Overview
Dive into the world of anomaly detection on edge devices with our comprehensive hands-on tutorial. This SlideShare presentation will guide you through the entire process, from data collection and model training to edge deployment and real-time monitoring. Perfect for those looking to implement robust anomaly detection systems on resource-constrained IoT/edge devices.
Key Topics Covered
1. Introduction to Anomaly Detection
- Understand the fundamentals of anomaly detection and its importance in identifying unusual behavior or failures in systems.
2. Understanding Edge (IoT)
- Learn about edge computing and IoT, and how they enable real-time data processing and decision-making at the source.
3. What is ArgoCD?
- Discover ArgoCD, a declarative, GitOps continuous delivery tool for Kubernetes, and its role in deploying applications on edge devices.
4. Deployment Using ArgoCD for Edge Devices
- Step-by-step guide on deploying anomaly detection models on edge devices using ArgoCD.
5. Introduction to Apache Kafka and S3
- Explore Apache Kafka for real-time data streaming and Amazon S3 for scalable storage solutions.
6. Viewing Kafka Messages in the Data Lake
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7. What is Prometheus?
- Get to know Prometheus, an open-source monitoring and alerting toolkit, and its application in monitoring edge devices.
8. Monitoring Application Metrics with Prometheus
- Detailed instructions on setting up Prometheus to monitor the performance and health of your anomaly detection system.
9. What is Camel K?
- Introduction to Camel K, a lightweight integration framework built on Apache Camel, designed for Kubernetes.
10. Configuring Camel K Integrations for Data Pipelines
- Learn how to configure Camel K for seamless data pipeline integrations in your anomaly detection workflow.
11. What is a Jupyter Notebook?
- Overview of Jupyter Notebooks, an open-source web application for creating and sharing documents with live code, equations, visualizations, and narrative text.
12. Jupyter Notebooks with Code Examples
- Hands-on examples and code snippets in Jupyter Notebooks to help you implement and test anomaly detection models.
Mutation Testing for Task-Oriented Chatbots
Conversational agents, or chatbots, are increasingly used to access all sorts of services using natural language. While open-domain chatbots - like ChatGPT - can converse on any topic, task-oriented chatbots - the focus of this paper - are designed for specific tasks, like booking a flight, obtaining customer support, or setting an appointment. Like any other software, task-oriented chatbots need to be properly tested, usually by defining and executing test scenarios (i.e., sequences of user-chatbot interactions). However, there is currently a lack of methods to quantify the completeness and strength of such test scenarios, which can lead to low-quality tests, and hence to buggy chatbots.
To fill this gap, we propose adapting mutation testing (MuT) for task-oriented chatbots. To this end, we introduce a set of mutation operators that emulate faults in chatbot designs, an architecture that enables MuT on chatbots built using heterogeneous technologies, and a practical realisation as an Eclipse plugin. Moreover, we evaluate the applicability, effectiveness and efficiency of our approach on open-source chatbots, with promising results.
The Microsoft 365 Migration Tutorial For Beginner.pptx
This presentation will help you understand the power of Microsoft 365. However, we have mentioned every productivity app included in Office 365. Additionally, we have suggested the migration situation related to Office 365 and how we can help you.
You can also read: https://www.systoolsgroup.com/updates/office-365-tenant-to-tenant-migration-step-by-step-complete-guide/
Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing.pdf
Read Taking AI to the Next Level in Manufacturing to gain insights on AI adoption in the manufacturing industry, such as:
1. How quickly AI is being implemented in manufacturing.
2. Which barriers stand in the way of AI adoption.
3. How data quality and governance form the backbone of AI.
4. Organizational processes and structures that may inhibit effective AI adoption.
6. Ideas and approaches to help build your organization's AI strategy.
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p305_pp03
- 1. Criminal Justice 2011 Class Name, Instructor Name Date, Semester Chapter 3: Free Will and Moral Responsibility
- 2. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved MORAL RESPONSIBILITY • Culpability • Demonology • Determinism • Free Will 2
- 3. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved CAUSALITY GANG INVOLVEMENT 3 need for identity need for identity need for security need for security Family influences Family influences Social influences Social influences Under achievement In school Under achievement In school family conflict family conflict low self-esteem low self-esteem weak attachment to parents weak attachment to parents
- 4. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved HEDONISTIC IMMORALITY & DEVIANCE • Curiosity • Fun – exciting • Boredom • Relief from stress or pain • Building an identity • Avoid responsibility • Financial rewards 4
- 5. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved HEDONISTIC IMMORALITY & DEVIANCE • Obtain non-financial goods • Earn prestige • To fit in or stand out • Fulfill expectations • Live up to values • Power over others 5
- 6. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved BEHAVIORAL INFLUENCES Biological, psychological, and sociological bases of behavior •Internal Factors •External Factors •Psychological Determinism •Biological Determinism •Soft Determinism 6
- 7. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved TERRITORIALITY, CRITICAL MASS, & PRISON VIOLENCE If humans react defensively and aggressively to invasions of personal space: 1.How much does territoriality and critical mass help account for the problem of prison violence? 2.What implications might this research have for maintaining control within prisons and jails? 3.What implications are there for establishing humane conditions within correctional settings? 4.What conditions & moral responsibilities do policy- makers and prison administrators have for reducing overcrowding? 7
- 8. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved FREE WILL, DETERMINISM, & THE CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM Criminal Responsibility •Mens rea •Actus rea •Crime Mitigating circumstances •Justifications •Excuses Aggravating circumstances •Weapons •Others? 8
- 9. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved VACCINATING FOR SUBSTANCE USE • The vaccine is best suited for persons dependent upon cocaine who are ready to quit • Is it morally permissible to forcibly administer the vaccine to persons with cocaine dependencies? • In cases in which convicted criminals have cocaine dependencies, could the vaccine be a component of rehabilitation? • What moral concerns might be raised if one day we began vaccinating infants for a variety of illegal drugs reducing the likelihood that they would one day become addicted to or dependent upon harmful substances? 9
- 10. © 2012 by Pearson Higher Education, Inc Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 • All Rights Reserved DISCUSSION QUESTIONS Police officers typically are called upon to exercise discretion when on patrol. Given the chapter’s observations on choice and free will: 1.In what ways or in what situations might the choices of officers be constrained? 2.How does the concept of “soft determinism” help us understand mens rea and criminal responsibility? 10
Editor's Notes
- Lecture Notes: p. 45. Explanations of human behavior derived from demonology no longer hold much appeal within philosophy and the social sciences. P‘.46. Free will is opposed by that of determinism which holds that Every event has a cause . Free will , or the power to make choices and engage in actions that originate with ourselves.
- Lecture Notes: Behavioral Reasons for seeking pleasure and avoiding pain
- Lecture Notes: Soft determinism – partly determined and partly free will
- Lecture Notes: pp. 58-59