Goals of this presentation:
1.Prevent morbidity and mortality due to the failure to recognize Primary Immunodeficiency
2. Decrease your risk of having to answer the question: “Why did you miss this?”
3. Review the safe and effective use of gamma globulin
Presentation by:
Richard L. Wasserman, M.D.,Ph.D.
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
Goals of this presentation:
1.Prevent morbidity and mortality due to the failure to recognize Primary Immunodeficiency
2. Decrease your risk of having to answer the question: “Why did you miss this?”
3. Review the safe and effective use of gamma globulin
Presentation by:
Richard L. Wasserman, M.D.,Ph.D.
Clinical Professor of Pediatrics
University of Texas Southwestern Medical School
The main treatment for pneumonia is antibiotics, along with rest and drinking plenty of water. If you have chest pain, you can take pain killers such as paracetamol. Treatment depends on how severe your pneumonia is. Treatment with antibiotics should be started as soon as possible after diagnosis.
PIMS-TS or MIS-C UK lessons for Johns Hopkins Grand Round June 15th 2020Barney Scholefield
Paediatric Inflammatory Multi-system Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS CoV-2 (PIMSTS) and Multi-system Inflammation Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): An upto date evidence review on the condition, rapid evolution of global research and challenges in dealing with a new condition.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children MIS C and Covid 19ijtsrd
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children MIS C may be a serious condition that appears to be linked to corona virus disease 2019 COVID 19 . MIS C is taken into account a syndrome - a gaggle of signs and symptoms, not a disease — because much is unknown about it, including its cause and risk factors. Most of the young children who become infected with the COVID 19 virus have only a light illness. The matter with MIS C caused by Covid 19 is that it develops into severe inflammation during a few hours requiring admission of the patient into a medical care unit. The signs and symptoms depend upon which areas of the body are affected. The precise explanation for MIS C isnt known yet. Many specialists consider MIS C to be a complication of COVID 19. Without early diagnosis and appropriate management and treatment, MIS C can cause severe problems with vital organs, like the heart, lungs or kidneys. In rare cases, MIS C could end in permanent damage or may be death. Mrs. Minu. S. R "Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Covid -19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38412/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-misc-and-covid-19/mrs-minu-s-r
approach to child with immunedeficiency Aug 2018.pptxOlaAlkhars
immunodeficiency presents with increased susceptibility to infection but may also manifest with conditions that reflect dysregulation of the immune response, such as allergies, autoimmunity, or lymphoproliferation
The main treatment for pneumonia is antibiotics, along with rest and drinking plenty of water. If you have chest pain, you can take pain killers such as paracetamol. Treatment depends on how severe your pneumonia is. Treatment with antibiotics should be started as soon as possible after diagnosis.
PIMS-TS or MIS-C UK lessons for Johns Hopkins Grand Round June 15th 2020Barney Scholefield
Paediatric Inflammatory Multi-system Syndrome Temporally Associated with SARS CoV-2 (PIMSTS) and Multi-system Inflammation Syndrome in Children (MIS-C): An upto date evidence review on the condition, rapid evolution of global research and challenges in dealing with a new condition.
Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children MIS C and Covid 19ijtsrd
Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children MIS C may be a serious condition that appears to be linked to corona virus disease 2019 COVID 19 . MIS C is taken into account a syndrome - a gaggle of signs and symptoms, not a disease — because much is unknown about it, including its cause and risk factors. Most of the young children who become infected with the COVID 19 virus have only a light illness. The matter with MIS C caused by Covid 19 is that it develops into severe inflammation during a few hours requiring admission of the patient into a medical care unit. The signs and symptoms depend upon which areas of the body are affected. The precise explanation for MIS C isnt known yet. Many specialists consider MIS C to be a complication of COVID 19. Without early diagnosis and appropriate management and treatment, MIS C can cause severe problems with vital organs, like the heart, lungs or kidneys. In rare cases, MIS C could end in permanent damage or may be death. Mrs. Minu. S. R "Multisystem Inflammatory Syndrome in Children (MIS-C) and Covid -19" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-5 | Issue-2 , February 2021, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd38412.pdf Paper Url: https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/38412/multisystem-inflammatory-syndrome-in-children-misc-and-covid-19/mrs-minu-s-r
approach to child with immunedeficiency Aug 2018.pptxOlaAlkhars
immunodeficiency presents with increased susceptibility to infection but may also manifest with conditions that reflect dysregulation of the immune response, such as allergies, autoimmunity, or lymphoproliferation
This presentation is about chronic infections in patients and earlier diagnosis of immunodeficiency. The goals of the presentation are:
1. Understand the role of innate and adaptive immune systems in the defense against infection
2. Recognize the common presentations of common primary immunodeficiencies
3. Be able to identify patients in an ENT practice that may have a primary immunodeficiency
Presentation by: Dr. Richard L. Wasserman and Dr. Scott Manning
Contents- Introduction to Immunodeficiency | Types | SCID | LAD
Immunodeficiency is the inability to produce an adequate immune response because of insufficiency or absence of antibodies, immune cells or both.
SCID & LAD are the two immunodeficiencies from primary immunodeficiency.
Similar to Overlap between allergy and immunedeficiency originallllll (20)
NVBDCP.pptx Nation vector borne disease control programSapna Thakur
NVBDCP was launched in 2003-2004 . Vector-Borne Disease: Disease that results from an infection transmitted to humans and other animals by blood-feeding arthropods, such as mosquitoes, ticks, and fleas. Examples of vector-borne diseases include Dengue fever, West Nile Virus, Lyme disease, and malaria.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
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Explore natural remedies for syphilis treatment in Singapore. Discover alternative therapies, herbal remedies, and lifestyle changes that may complement conventional treatments. Learn about holistic approaches to managing syphilis symptoms and supporting overall health.
New Drug Discovery and Development .....NEHA GUPTA
The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
Flu Vaccine Alert in Bangalore Karnatakaaddon Scans
As flu season approaches, health officials in Bangalore, Karnataka, are urging residents to get their flu vaccinations. The seasonal flu, while common, can lead to severe health complications, particularly for vulnerable populations such as young children, the elderly, and those with underlying health conditions.
Dr. Vidisha Kumari, a leading epidemiologist in Bangalore, emphasizes the importance of getting vaccinated. "The flu vaccine is our best defense against the influenza virus. It not only protects individuals but also helps prevent the spread of the virus in our communities," he says.
This year, the flu season is expected to coincide with a potential increase in other respiratory illnesses. The Karnataka Health Department has launched an awareness campaign highlighting the significance of flu vaccinations. They have set up multiple vaccination centers across Bangalore, making it convenient for residents to receive their shots.
To encourage widespread vaccination, the government is also collaborating with local schools, workplaces, and community centers to facilitate vaccination drives. Special attention is being given to ensuring that the vaccine is accessible to all, including marginalized communities who may have limited access to healthcare.
Residents are reminded that the flu vaccine is safe and effective. Common side effects are mild and may include soreness at the injection site, mild fever, or muscle aches. These side effects are generally short-lived and far less severe than the flu itself.
Healthcare providers are also stressing the importance of continuing COVID-19 precautions. Wearing masks, practicing good hand hygiene, and maintaining social distancing are still crucial, especially in crowded places.
Protect yourself and your loved ones by getting vaccinated. Together, we can help keep Bangalore healthy and safe this flu season. For more information on vaccination centers and schedules, residents can visit the Karnataka Health Department’s official website or follow their social media pages.
Stay informed, stay safe, and get your flu shot today!
New Directions in Targeted Therapeutic Approaches for Older Adults With Mantl...i3 Health
i3 Health is pleased to make the speaker slides from this activity available for use as a non-accredited self-study or teaching resource.
This slide deck presented by Dr. Kami Maddocks, Professor-Clinical in the Division of Hematology and
Associate Division Director for Ambulatory Operations
The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, will provide insight into new directions in targeted therapeutic approaches for older adults with mantle cell lymphoma.
STATEMENT OF NEED
Mantle cell lymphoma (MCL) is a rare, aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) accounting for 5% to 7% of all lymphomas. Its prognosis ranges from indolent disease that does not require treatment for years to very aggressive disease, which is associated with poor survival (Silkenstedt et al, 2021). Typically, MCL is diagnosed at advanced stage and in older patients who cannot tolerate intensive therapy (NCCN, 2022). Although recent advances have slightly increased remission rates, recurrence and relapse remain very common, leading to a median overall survival between 3 and 6 years (LLS, 2021). Though there are several effective options, progress is still needed towards establishing an accepted frontline approach for MCL (Castellino et al, 2022). Treatment selection and management of MCL are complicated by the heterogeneity of prognosis, advanced age and comorbidities of patients, and lack of an established standard approach for treatment, making it vital that clinicians be familiar with the latest research and advances in this area. In this activity chaired by Michael Wang, MD, Professor in the Department of Lymphoma & Myeloma at MD Anderson Cancer Center, expert faculty will discuss prognostic factors informing treatment, the promising results of recent trials in new therapeutic approaches, and the implications of treatment resistance in therapeutic selection for MCL.
Target Audience
Hematology/oncology fellows, attending faculty, and other health care professionals involved in the treatment of patients with mantle cell lymphoma (MCL).
Learning Objectives
1.) Identify clinical and biological prognostic factors that can guide treatment decision making for older adults with MCL
2.) Evaluate emerging data on targeted therapeutic approaches for treatment-naive and relapsed/refractory MCL and their applicability to older adults
3.) Assess mechanisms of resistance to targeted therapies for MCL and their implications for treatment selection
Acute scrotum is a general term referring to an emergency condition affecting the contents or the wall of the scrotum.
There are a number of conditions that present acutely, predominantly with pain and/or swelling
A careful and detailed history and examination, and in some cases, investigations allow differentiation between these diagnoses. A prompt diagnosis is essential as the patient may require urgent surgical intervention
Testicular torsion refers to twisting of the spermatic cord, causing ischaemia of the testicle.
Testicular torsion results from inadequate fixation of the testis to the tunica vaginalis producing ischemia from reduced arterial inflow and venous outflow obstruction.
The prevalence of testicular torsion in adult patients hospitalized with acute scrotal pain is approximately 25 to 50 percent
8. • Allergy is an important expression of misdirected
immunity, and certain PIDDs are frequently
associated with atopy.
• Allergies are sometimes a warning sign that leads
to a diagnosis of PID.
• The possibility of a PID in certain patients with
atopy should be considered if:
•
1. severe
2. does not respond to usual
treatment
3. susceptibility to infections.
4. Autoimmune phenomena
9. Epidemiology
• 1 in 140 (Middle East)
• 1 in 600 (European)
• 1 in 60,000
(Japanese).
• Sex:
• men >women
• Age:
• any age.
Arabian peninsula 1-142
persons
Spain : 1-170 persons
Eastern Nigeria: 1-255 persons
Finland : 1-396 persons
Erkoçoğlu M, Metin A, Kaya A, Özcan C, Akan A, Civelek E,
Çapanoğlu M, Giniş T, Kocabaş CN. Turk J Med Sci. 2017
Apr 18; 47(2):592-598. Epub 2017 Apr 18.
10. • SAD is a common PID that manifests as
recurrent respiratory infections .
• It protects all the mucus membrane.
• It prevent the absorption of allergens into the
bloodstream, so ,deficiency leads to mucosal
antigen exposure .
• It has been associated with asthma, allergic
rhinitis, atopic dermatitis (AD), and food allergy
(FA) in 50% of the patients.
12. • It was noted that severity of allergic diseases is
correlated to low IgA concentration in serum than a
concentration of IgE
• IgE concentrations may increased in selective IgA
deficiency, which may be due to a compensatory
mechanism for low secretory IgA level .
• Severe anaphylactoid transfusion reactions are seen in
patients with SIgAD
13.
14. • In (sIgMD) ,recurrent
respiratory tract infections
are the predominant clinical
feature. Allergic diseases
and asthma coexist with
this immune deficiency in
7-8% of affected children
and as much as 33% of
adult patients
15. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)
• (CVID) is a heterogeneous disorder leading to
defective immunoglobulin production>2.
• Recurrent sinopulmonary infections-
autoimmunity-allergy.
• Age of diagnosis 2-40 years of age.
• Unfortunately, late diagnosis is characteristic of
this immunodeficiency. It was reported that a
case of CVID was treated as allergic respiratory
disease for 40 years before the diagnosis of
immunodeficiency was made .
16. • A bias towards Th2-mediated immune response
was also documented in patients with (CVID)
• A high incidence of asthma, usually diagnosed
after the initial presentation, was seen in 83%
pediatric patients with CVID.10% of them have
had asthma and allergic rhinitis without antigen-
specific IgE.
• But they presented a positive response to
bronchial provocation tests with allergens
• Celestin J, Welker D, Edwards TB, Bonilla F. Undiagnosed
panhypogammaglobulinemia masquerading as atopy. J Allergy Clin Immunol
1999;103 (1 pt 2):S146
19. Pathogenesis of allergy in PID patients:Pathogenesis of allergy in PID patients:
1.Dysregulation of the immune response mainly due to:
Regulatory T cells:
o Defeciency
o Anergy
o Decreased activity
resulting in predominate Th2-dependent immune response.
2.Activation of CD4+ T cells plays a key role and allergic
inflammation .
3.defective antigen elimination
21. Allergy in HIV patients:
• People with HIV infection are known to have high
levels of allergic antibody (IgE), especially as the
CD4+ T-cell levels drop.
• These high IgE levels are not likely to be indicative of
worsening allergies, however, but are likely a sign of
worsening immunodeficiency due to B cell dysfunction.
• The IgE antibodies are directed against
various pathogens (including HIV), rather than against
allergens.
• Treating asthma in HIV-infected people is similar to
that in people with HIV infection, although oral
corticosteroids should be avoided whenever possible,
due to their suppressive effect on the immune system.
22. Drug Allergy in People with HIV
• People with HIV infection have higher
rates of drug allergy reactions.
• This is particularly true for trimethoprim-
sulfamethoxazole, desensitization for TMP-SMX
allergy is frequently successful, which is often
required to treat opportunities infections in people
with HIV.
• Abacavir antiviral drug also causes a life-
threatening hypersensitivity reaction in 5-8% of
HIV-infected people.
23. Saeed Al Qemzi with his son
Khalifa Al Qemzi , who was
affected with SCID. The child is
living a normal life now, after
going through gene therapy.
David Vitter Khalifa Alqemzy
24. Home message:
Primary Immunodeficiency
Masquerading as Allergic Disease
Allergies are sometimes a warning
sign that leads to a diagnosis of PID.
If allergy is associated with recurrent
infections or autoimmunity ,immune
deficiency is suspected .
The immune deficiencies and allergy
have mutual impact ,should be
considered as a specific overlapping
syndrome.
25. In patients with allergy, recognition of immunodeficiency
is important because Immune suppression with systemic
corticosteroids in these immune compromised
individuals can lead to life threatening infections
Both the medical and general communities need to be
aware of Primary Immune deficiencies.
Early check for serum immunoglobulins in suspected
patients is crucial to diagnose PIDs early before the
occurrence of significant organ damage .
26. References:
• Celestin J, Welker D, Edwards TB,Bonilla F. Undiagnosed
panhypogammaglobulinemia masquerading as atopy. J Allergy Clin
Immunol 1999;103 (1 pt 2):S146.
• N. Kutukculer, N. E. Karaca, O. Demircioglu, and G. Aksu, “Increases in serum
immunoglobulins to age-related normal levels in children with IgA and/or IgG
subclass deficiency,” Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 167–173,
2007.
• A. Aghamohammadi, T. Cheraghi, M. Gharagozlou et al., “IgA deficiency: correlation
between clinical and immunological phenotypes,” Journal of Clinical Immunology, vol.
29, no. 1, pp. 130–136, 2009.
• Aleksandra Szczawinska-Poplonyk, “An Overlapping Syndrome of Allergy and
Immune Deficiency in Children,” Journal of Allergy, vol. 2012, Article ID 658279, 9
pages, 2012.
• Tuano KS, Orange JS, Sullivan K, Cunningham-Rundles C, Bonilla FA, Davis CM.
Food allergy in patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases: prevalence within
the US Immunodeficiency Network (USIDNET). J Allergy Clin Immunol.
2014;135(1):273-5.
• Bjelac, Jaclyn A. et al.Allergic disease in patients with common variable
immunodeficiency at a tertiary care referral center
• Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology , Volume 120 , Issue 1 , 90 - 92