This document summarizes an occupational therapy internship completed by Margaret Stacy at Greenville Memorial Hospital. The internship involved shadowing occupational therapists in acute care, completing data entry and analysis projects, and attending meetings. Stacy also had opportunities to shadow at the hospital's rehabilitation facility and children's hospital wing. The internship provided valuable experience that confirmed Stacy's interest in becoming an occupational therapist working in an inpatient setting.
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
A compilation of those areas of IPD which are usually not covered in classrooms. A greater emphasis on the management aspect with examples from existing hospitals in INDIA
These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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Pulmonary Thromboembolism - etilogy, types, medical- Surgical and nursing man...VarunMahajani
Disruption of blood supply to lung alveoli due to blockage of one or more pulmonary blood vessels is called as Pulmonary thromboembolism. In this presentation we will discuss its causes, types and its management in depth.
Title: Sense of Smell
Presenter: Dr. Faiza, Assistant Professor of Physiology
Qualifications:
MBBS (Best Graduate, AIMC Lahore)
FCPS Physiology
ICMT, CHPE, DHPE (STMU)
MPH (GC University, Faisalabad)
MBA (Virtual University of Pakistan)
Learning Objectives:
Describe the primary categories of smells and the concept of odor blindness.
Explain the structure and location of the olfactory membrane and mucosa, including the types and roles of cells involved in olfaction.
Describe the pathway and mechanisms of olfactory signal transmission from the olfactory receptors to the brain.
Illustrate the biochemical cascade triggered by odorant binding to olfactory receptors, including the role of G-proteins and second messengers in generating an action potential.
Identify different types of olfactory disorders such as anosmia, hyposmia, hyperosmia, and dysosmia, including their potential causes.
Key Topics:
Olfactory Genes:
3% of the human genome accounts for olfactory genes.
400 genes for odorant receptors.
Olfactory Membrane:
Located in the superior part of the nasal cavity.
Medially: Folds downward along the superior septum.
Laterally: Folds over the superior turbinate and upper surface of the middle turbinate.
Total surface area: 5-10 square centimeters.
Olfactory Mucosa:
Olfactory Cells: Bipolar nerve cells derived from the CNS (100 million), with 4-25 olfactory cilia per cell.
Sustentacular Cells: Produce mucus and maintain ionic and molecular environment.
Basal Cells: Replace worn-out olfactory cells with an average lifespan of 1-2 months.
Bowman’s Gland: Secretes mucus.
Stimulation of Olfactory Cells:
Odorant dissolves in mucus and attaches to receptors on olfactory cilia.
Involves a cascade effect through G-proteins and second messengers, leading to depolarization and action potential generation in the olfactory nerve.
Quality of a Good Odorant:
Small (3-20 Carbon atoms), volatile, water-soluble, and lipid-soluble.
Facilitated by odorant-binding proteins in mucus.
Membrane Potential and Action Potential:
Resting membrane potential: -55mV.
Action potential frequency in the olfactory nerve increases with odorant strength.
Adaptation Towards the Sense of Smell:
Rapid adaptation within the first second, with further slow adaptation.
Psychological adaptation greater than receptor adaptation, involving feedback inhibition from the central nervous system.
Primary Sensations of Smell:
Camphoraceous, Musky, Floral, Pepperminty, Ethereal, Pungent, Putrid.
Odor Detection Threshold:
Examples: Hydrogen sulfide (0.0005 ppm), Methyl-mercaptan (0.002 ppm).
Some toxic substances are odorless at lethal concentrations.
Characteristics of Smell:
Odor blindness for single substances due to lack of appropriate receptor protein.
Behavioral and emotional influences of smell.
Transmission of Olfactory Signals:
From olfactory cells to glomeruli in the olfactory bulb, involving lateral inhibition.
Primitive, less old, and new olfactory systems with different path
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN HEALTHCARE.pdfAnujkumaranit
Artificial intelligence (AI) refers to the simulation of human intelligence processes by machines, especially computer systems. It encompasses tasks such as learning, reasoning, problem-solving, perception, and language understanding. AI technologies are revolutionizing various fields, from healthcare to finance, by enabling machines to perform tasks that typically require human intelligence.
Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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Anti-ulcer drugs are medications used to prevent and treat ulcers in the stomach and upper part of the small intestine (duodenal ulcers). These ulcers are often caused by an imbalance between stomach acid and the mucosal lining, which protects the stomach lining.
||Scope: Overview of various classes of anti-ulcer drugs, their mechanisms of action, indications, side effects, and clinical considerations.
MANAGEMENT OF ATRIOVENTRICULAR CONDUCTION BLOCK.pdfJim Jacob Roy
Cardiac conduction defects can occur due to various causes.
Atrioventricular conduction blocks ( AV blocks ) are classified into 3 types.
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Are you curious about what’s new in cervical cancer research or unsure what the findings mean? Join Dr. Emily Ko, a gynecologic oncologist at Penn Medicine, to learn about the latest updates from the Society of Gynecologic Oncology (SGO) 2024 Annual Meeting on Women’s Cancer. Dr. Ko will discuss what the research presented at the conference means for you and answer your questions about the new developments.
2. HLTH 4200 –
CLEMSON
UNIVERSITY
I am a Health Science major at Clemson.
• Built into the major is a semester-long,
180-hour internship under the class
name HLTH 4200.
• Each student participates in a
preparation seminar for a semester
where they improve resumes and learn
interview and professional skills.
• Clemson helps connect students with
potential preceptors and then it is up
to the student to interview and secure
an internship.
4. SITE DEPARTMENT
I interned with the manager of Acute
Inpatient Therapy, Dr. Rusty Campbell.
So, I shadowed occupational therapists
(OTs) and certified occupational therapy
assistants (COTAs) in acute care. I also
did special projects involving
organization and data collection and
input.
Mission: The acute inpatient therapy
program provides spinal cord, brain
injury, amputee, pediatric, stroke, and
orthopedic therapies. And, other
diagnostic groups may include any
physically debilitating condition or
neurologic impairment.
5. PROJECTS - ACUTE
I completed many special projects as an intern:
• I created spreadsheets to track productivity within
the acute inpatient therapy department.
• I created spreadsheets that calculated the values of
the services the therapists were providing.
• I handled input of data into those spreadsheets for
each pay period.
• I compiled survey results from therapists throughout
the hospital system on preferred documentation
templates and formats in the Epic program.
6. SPECIAL MEETINGS
I got to attend interesting meetings with Dr. Campbell, my
preceptor.
• Every morning, a representative from each department of the
hospital attended a meeting to report any safety incidents in the
past 24 hours and any anticipated incidents in the coming 24
hours. This was a fascinating time to see each part of the hospital
working together to find solutions.
• Dr. Campbell is on a task force to study and research solutions and
ideas for the increasing number of bariatric patients being
admitted to the hospital. I got to attend meetings about this with
him and hear how the hospital is and isn’t equipped to treat this
7. Here, I am demonstrating wearing
personal protective equipment (PPE).
Cleanliness and protection is very
important for the healthcare providers
and patients.
Here, you can see a Droplet Advisory.
This is a sign that would be posted on
the door to a patient’s room to let the
healthcare provider know that PPE
must be worn because the patient or
provider is at risk from contact with
droplets from the other.
8. Occupational therapists show
patients how to use adaptive
equipment to make their lives
easier and more safe.
In these pictures, am sitting on
a shower chair that is used to
aid patients who cannot stand
in the shower.
I am also demonstrating the use
of a long-handled sponge
which would mostly be used by
amputees and stroke patients
but could be given to any
patient who lacks mobility and
flexibility.
EQUIPMENT
9. EQUIPMENT
The first picture shows a Sara
Steady which allows caregivers
to assist in sit to stand transfers
as well as relocation. This one is
mostly used for bariatric
patients (patients 400lbs and
over).
The second picture shows a
high-backed wheelchair used
mostly for spinal cord injury
patients. The high back
provides stability for the
patient’s back. This chair can
also recline for necessary
pressure reliefs.
10. OTHER LOCATIONS:
ROGER C. PEACE REHABILITATION
HOSPITAL (RCP)
My preceptor also outsourced me to other
hospital wings and department that
needed help with special projects. This
meant I got to shadow in and experience
many different settings.
One setting that I spent a lot of time in
was RCP.
The entrance to RCP.
11. ROGER C. PEACE
REHABILITATION HOSPITAL
Mission: to provide these
inpatient CARF-accredited
programs: spinal cord,
brain injury, amputee and
stroke.
Often, I would observe a
patient’s evaluation in
acute care where they
would be prescribed
inpatient rehab and later
observe their treatment
once they were moved to
RCP.
A fun fact is that Roger C. Peace was my great-great uncle
and without even knowing this, my preceptor sent me to
RCP to shadow! Roger C. Peace’s portrait is at the entrance
to RCP, so I just had to take a picture with him!
12. PROJECTS - RCP
• I organized cognitive tests into easy-access binders
for the TBI unit.
• I created a filing system for the new-hire
competencies for the amputee unit.
• I copied, filed, and labeled CARF standards to have
ready for the department’s upcoming CARF
recertification.
• The neighboring subacute unit closed so I sorted
through equipment and papers to determine what
RCP could use.
13. OTHER LOCATIONS:
KIDNETICS AT THE
CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
Another amazing opportunity was
being sent to the Children’s Hospital
wing to shadow occupational
therapists. I want to work in
pediatrics, so it was very exciting for
me.
One day, I even got to shadow in the
NICU. It was incredible!
14. KIDNETICS AT THE CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
Mission: Kidnetics provides therapeutic services for children
with varying diagnoses. The team is made up of
occupational therapists, physical therapists, and
speech/language pathologists and strongly believes in
family-centered care.
15. KIDNETICS AT THE
CHILDREN’S HOSPITAL
A resource utilized by therapists
all over the hospital but especially
in the Children’s Hospital is
service/ therapy dogs. Beowulf
and the other dogs are so sweet
and such a comfort to the
children and their families!
16. INTERNSHIP REFLECTION
I will forever be grateful for this internship. I am
more passionate than ever about becoming an
occupational therapist and know for sure that I
want to work in an inpatient setting and one day, in
the NICU.
Unfortunately, my experience was cut short by the
Covid19 pandemic. Regardless, this internship gave
me such valuable knowledge and experience that
changed my life!