OSTEO-MALACIA.pdf
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Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by soft and weak bones due to inadequate mineralization. It is caused by decreased vitamin D availability due to insufficient sun exposure, malabsorption, chronic renal failure, malnutrition, or calcium deficiency. This leads to reduced calcium absorption and impaired bone mineralization. Symptoms include muscle weakness, bone pain, soft bones, low serum calcium, and high alkaline phosphate levels. Treatment involves high dose vitamin D or calcifediol supplements, calcium supplements, addressing the underlying cause, and ensuring an adequate calcium and vitamin D diet.
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This document discusses osteomalacia, a disease characterized by softening of the bones due to defective mineralization. It is caused by vitamin D deficiency and/or phosphate deficiency. Signs include diffuse body pains, muscle weakness, and fragile bones. Laboratory findings show low calcium and phosphate levels as well as elevated alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels. Treatment involves vitamin D and calcium supplementation. Exercise and sunlight exposure can also help strengthen bones affected by osteomalacia.
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Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by softening of the bones due to defective mineralization, often caused by vitamin D deficiency or malabsorption. It results in bone pain and tenderness, muscle weakness, and increased risk of bone fractures. Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests showing low calcium and vitamin D levels, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and x-rays revealing demineralized bones. Treatment focuses on vitamin D supplementation, calcium intake, and exercise to help strengthen bones.
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Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by softening of the bones due to defective mineralization, often caused by vitamin D deficiency or malabsorption. It results in bone pain and tenderness, muscle weakness, and increased risk of bone fractures. Diagnosis is confirmed through blood tests showing low calcium and vitamin D levels, elevated alkaline phosphatase, and x-rays revealing demineralized bones. Treatment focuses on vitamin D supplementation, calcium intake, and exercise to help strengthen bones.
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Rickets and osteomalacia are conditions caused by inadequate bone mineralization due to vitamin D deficiency. Rickets occurs in children and osteomalacia in adults. Vitamin D deficiency leads to decreased calcium absorption and secondary hyperparathyroidism, resulting in inadequate bone mineralization. People with these conditions experience bone pain and fractures. Diagnosis involves blood tests showing low calcium, phosphate and high alkaline phosphatase levels. Treatment involves high dose vitamin D and calcium supplementation.
OSTEOMALACIA Basics , pathophysiology and treatment
Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by soft and weak bones caused by defective bone mineralization due to inadequate levels of phosphate and calcium. This results from insufficient vitamin D absorption and phosphate deficiency. Common symptoms include diffuse bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased bone fractures. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and phosphate levels and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Treatment focuses on increasing vitamin D and calcium intake through supplements, dietary changes, and sunlight exposure.
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osteomalacia-2nd-150704155942-lva1-app6892.pptx
Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by softening of the bones due to defective mineralization, typically caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired absorption of calcium and phosphate. Common symptoms include diffuse bone and joint pain, muscle weakness, and increased bone fractures. Diagnosis is based on biochemical testing showing low calcium and phosphate levels and elevated alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels. Treatment focuses on correcting the underlying cause, usually through vitamin D and calcium supplementation.
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This presentation summarizes osteomalacia, a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate bone mineralization. It discusses the pathophysiology involving insufficient hydroxyapatite deposition in bone matrix due to vitamin D deficiency or malabsorption. Common causes include lack of sun exposure, low dietary calcium, gastrointestinal/renal disorders, and certain drugs. Clinical features are nonspecific bone pain and tenderness but can include skeletal deformities. Diagnosis involves low serum calcium, vitamin D, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Treatment focuses on vitamin D supplementation, calcium, and treating underlying causes. The presentation provides examples of radiological findings and concludes with a question and answer segment to reinforce key points.
METABOLIC BONE DISEASES - Rickets, Scurvy, Osteomalacia.
1. Scurvy, rickets, and osteomalacia are metabolic bone diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies that present with bone pain and fractures.
2. Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency and results in bleeding gums and joint swelling. Rickets is caused by vitamin D and phosphate deficiencies and causes bone deformities and weakness. Osteomalacia is a result of defective bone mineralization in adults.
3. Treatment involves identifying and resolving the underlying nutritional deficiency, typically through vitamin supplementation.
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Nutritional deficiency diseases can result from lack of important minerals and vitamins. Rickets is a disease of young growing animals caused by calcium and phosphorus deficiencies or lack of vitamin D. This leads to weak bones and skeletal deformities. Symptoms include bowed legs, joint swelling, stunted growth, and dental issues. Diagnosis involves dietary history, clinical signs, lab tests showing low calcium and phosphorus, and characteristic bone changes on radiographs. Treatment focuses on correcting nutritional deficiencies through diet, vitamin D supplementation, and calcium injections.
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osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is musculoskeletal disorder. thiS PPT describes about
`defination
`atiology
`clinical manifestations
`types
`bone resorption process
`pathophysiology
`diagnosis
`treatment.
Rickets and osteomalacia
Definition of Rickets &Osteomalacia.
Etiology of Rickets & Osteomalacia
Rickets :
is defective mineralization of bones before epiphyseal closure (at growth plate) due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium ,potentially leading to fractures and deformity.
Osteomalacia :
is a similar condition occurring in adults, generally due to impaired mineralization of the bone matrix. Due to a deficiency of vitamin D.
Etiology:
Vit D deficiency :
low intake plus inadequate sunlight exposure
malabsorption
Abnormal Vit D metabolism:
Impaired 25 OH Vitamin D production (Liver diseases)
Impaired 1,25 OH2 Vitamin D production (chronic renal failure or vitamin D-resistant rickets type I ).
Vitamin D receptor defects (vitaminD-resistant rickets type II)
Low calcium intake
Hypophosphatemia :
Low intake.
Inherited or acquired defects in renal tubular phosphate reabsorption.
Tumors that secrete phosphaturic substance.
Rickets and Osteomalacia are impaired memorization of the bone.
Causes of Rickets and Osteomalacia :
Vit D deficiency
Low calcium intake
Abnormal Vit D metabolism
Hypophosphatemia
Nutritional deficiency syndromes in Poultry
A nutritional deficiency may be due to a nutrient being omitted from the diet, adverse interaction between nutrients in otherwise apparently well-fortified diets, or the overriding effect of specific antinutrients.
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Rickets & Osteomalacia
Rickets and osteomalacia are disorders caused by interrupted mineralization of bone due to calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D metabolism issues. Rickets occurs in children and causes bone deformities, while osteomalacia occurs in adults. Various types of rickets include vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D dependent, and vitamin D resistant. Treatment involves vitamin D supplementation, calcium supplementation, and correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Osteomalacia in adults is also caused by vitamin D deficiency and is treated with vitamin D supplementation.
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Osteomalacia is a condition characterized by soft and weak bones caused by defective bone mineralization due to inadequate levels of phosphate and calcium. This results from insufficient vitamin D absorption and phosphate deficiency. Common symptoms include diffuse bone pain, muscle weakness, and increased bone fractures. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium and phosphate levels and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Treatment focuses on increasing vitamin D and calcium intake through supplements, dietary changes, and sunlight exposure.
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Osteomalacia is a disease characterized by softening of the bones due to defective mineralization, typically caused by vitamin D deficiency or impaired absorption of calcium and phosphate. Common symptoms include diffuse bone and joint pain, muscle weakness, and increased bone fractures. Diagnosis is based on biochemical testing showing low calcium and phosphate levels and elevated alkaline phosphatase and parathyroid hormone levels. Treatment focuses on correcting the underlying cause, usually through vitamin D and calcium supplementation.
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Scurvy and rickets are metabolic bone diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies that can present in children and adults. Scurvy results from severe vitamin C deficiency and presents with joint and bone pain, bleeding gums, and bruising. The diagnosis is made clinically and through resolution of symptoms with vitamin C supplementation. Rickets is caused by deficiencies in vitamin D and/or phosphate, leading to impaired bone mineralization and bowing of bones. It is diagnosed based on clinical features, lab abnormalities, and characteristic bone changes on imaging. Both conditions are treated by resolving the underlying nutritional deficiencies through oral vitamin replacement. Osteomalacia also results from impaired bone mineralization, usually due to vitamin D deficiency or malabsorption, and
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This presentation summarizes osteomalacia, a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate bone mineralization. It discusses the pathophysiology involving insufficient hydroxyapatite deposition in bone matrix due to vitamin D deficiency or malabsorption. Common causes include lack of sun exposure, low dietary calcium, gastrointestinal/renal disorders, and certain drugs. Clinical features are nonspecific bone pain and tenderness but can include skeletal deformities. Diagnosis involves low serum calcium, vitamin D, and elevated alkaline phosphatase. Treatment focuses on vitamin D supplementation, calcium, and treating underlying causes. The presentation provides examples of radiological findings and concludes with a question and answer segment to reinforce key points.
METABOLIC BONE DISEASES - Rickets, Scurvy, Osteomalacia.
1. Scurvy, rickets, and osteomalacia are metabolic bone diseases caused by vitamin deficiencies that present with bone pain and fractures.
2. Scurvy is caused by vitamin C deficiency and results in bleeding gums and joint swelling. Rickets is caused by vitamin D and phosphate deficiencies and causes bone deformities and weakness. Osteomalacia is a result of defective bone mineralization in adults.
3. Treatment involves identifying and resolving the underlying nutritional deficiency, typically through vitamin supplementation.
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This document provides an overview of bone structure, function, development, and disorders. It discusses the normal structure and cellular components of bone, including osteoblasts, osteocytes, and osteoclasts. It describes developmental disorders like osteogenesis imperfecta and osteopetrosis. Acquired disorders covered include osteopenia, osteoporosis, Paget's disease, rickets, hyperparathyroidism, and renal osteodystrophy. Fractures and the healing process are also summarized. The document is intended to teach pathology of bone and cartilage disorders.
12 introduction to nutritional deficincies
Nutritional deficiency diseases can result from lack of important minerals and vitamins. Rickets is a disease of young growing animals caused by calcium and phosphorus deficiencies or lack of vitamin D. This leads to weak bones and skeletal deformities. Symptoms include bowed legs, joint swelling, stunted growth, and dental issues. Diagnosis involves dietary history, clinical signs, lab tests showing low calcium and phosphorus, and characteristic bone changes on radiographs. Treatment focuses on correcting nutritional deficiencies through diet, vitamin D supplementation, and calcium injections.
Rickets
Rickets is caused by a lack of vitamin D, calcium, or phosphate which leads to softening and weakening of the bones due to defective mineralization of bone matrix. It results from vitamin D deficiency which prevents proper absorption of calcium and phosphate from the diet. Symptoms include bone pain, skeletal deformities, increased fractures, and impaired growth. Treatment involves addressing the underlying cause by increasing vitamin D, calcium, and phosphate intake.
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This document discusses osteomalacia and osteodystrophy in animals. Osteomalacia is a disease affecting bone in adults where bone formation is incomplete, leading to weak and fractured bones. It is caused by calcium, phosphorus or vitamin D deficiencies. Osteodystrophy is abnormal soft tissue bone formation causing weak, distorted and enlarged bones. It is caused by nutritional imbalances or deficiencies, especially too high a calcium to phosphorus ratio, and can lead to lameness and fractures. Diagnosis involves history, symptoms, and lab/radiographic testing, while treatment focuses on correcting nutritional deficiencies.
Nutri report
This document discusses calcium and phosphorus metabolism and disorders related to their imbalance. It notes that hypercalcemia and hypercalciuria can lead to kidney stones. Phosphorus is the second most abundant mineral in the body after calcium, and its levels are regulated by hormones like vitamin D, calcitonin, and parathyroid hormone. An imbalance can result in disorders like osteomalacia and osteoporosis. Osteomalacia is caused by vitamin D or phosphorus deficiency and results in softening of bones. Osteoporosis is caused by calcium or estrogen deficiencies and results in reduced bone density and mass. Risk factors, signs, treatments, and prevention strategies are described.
osteoporosis
Osteoporosis is musculoskeletal disorder. thiS PPT describes about
`defination
`atiology
`clinical manifestations
`types
`bone resorption process
`pathophysiology
`diagnosis
`treatment.
Rickets and osteomalacia
Definition of Rickets &Osteomalacia.
Etiology of Rickets & Osteomalacia
Rickets :
is defective mineralization of bones before epiphyseal closure (at growth plate) due to deficiency or impaired metabolism of vitamin D, phosphorus or calcium ,potentially leading to fractures and deformity.
Osteomalacia :
is a similar condition occurring in adults, generally due to impaired mineralization of the bone matrix. Due to a deficiency of vitamin D.
Etiology:
Vit D deficiency :
low intake plus inadequate sunlight exposure
malabsorption
Abnormal Vit D metabolism:
Impaired 25 OH Vitamin D production (Liver diseases)
Impaired 1,25 OH2 Vitamin D production (chronic renal failure or vitamin D-resistant rickets type I ).
Vitamin D receptor defects (vitaminD-resistant rickets type II)
Low calcium intake
Hypophosphatemia :
Low intake.
Inherited or acquired defects in renal tubular phosphate reabsorption.
Tumors that secrete phosphaturic substance.
Rickets and Osteomalacia are impaired memorization of the bone.
Causes of Rickets and Osteomalacia :
Vit D deficiency
Low calcium intake
Abnormal Vit D metabolism
Hypophosphatemia
Nutritional deficiency syndromes in Poultry
A nutritional deficiency may be due to a nutrient being omitted from the diet, adverse interaction between nutrients in otherwise apparently well-fortified diets, or the overriding effect of specific antinutrients.
RICKETS.pptx
Rickets is a disease of growing bones in children caused by vitamin D deficiency or lack of calcium and phosphate. It results in soft, weak bones that can deform. Symptoms include bowed legs, fractures, and delayed growth. Diagnosis involves lab tests showing low calcium, vitamin D, and phosphate levels as well as characteristic bone changes on x-rays like widened growth plates. Treatment is vitamin D supplements and ensuring adequate calcium and phosphate intake. Prevention involves vitamin D supplementation, sunlight exposure, and a nutritious diet.
Osteoporosis PPT for nursing students...
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Rickets & Osteomalacia
Rickets and osteomalacia are disorders caused by interrupted mineralization of bone due to calcium, phosphorus, and vitamin D metabolism issues. Rickets occurs in children and causes bone deformities, while osteomalacia occurs in adults. Various types of rickets include vitamin D deficiency, vitamin D dependent, and vitamin D resistant. Treatment involves vitamin D supplementation, calcium supplementation, and correcting fluid and electrolyte imbalances. Osteomalacia in adults is also caused by vitamin D deficiency and is treated with vitamin D supplementation.
Metabolic & Endocrinal Diseases affecting bone
This document discusses various metabolic and endocrine diseases that can affect bone. It begins with an introduction to metabolic bone diseases and normal bone remodeling. It then discusses specific diseases in detail, including rickets, osteomalacia, scurvy, osteoporosis, hyperthyroidism, Cushing's disease, acromegaly, and hypothyroidism. For each disease, it describes the pathophysiology, clinical features, and key radiographic findings such as changes to bone density and morphology.
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OSTEOMALACIA Basics , pathophysiology and treatment
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Syllabus
Chapter-1
Introduction to objective, scope and outcome the subject
Chapter 2
Introduction: Scope and Specialization of Civil Engineering, Role of civil Engineer in Society, Impact of infrastructural development on economy of country.
Chapter 3
Surveying: Object Principles & Types of Surveying; Site Plans, Plans & Maps; Scales & Unit of different Measurements.
Linear Measurements: Instruments used. Linear Measurement by Tape, Ranging out Survey Lines and overcoming Obstructions; Measurements on sloping ground; Tape corrections, conventional symbols. Angular Measurements: Instruments used; Introduction to Compass Surveying, Bearings and Longitude & Latitude of a Line, Introduction to total station.
Levelling: Instrument used Object of levelling, Methods of levelling in brief, and Contour maps.
Chapter 4
Buildings: Selection of site for Buildings, Layout of Building Plan, Types of buildings, Plinth area, carpet area, floor space index, Introduction to building byelaws, concept of sun light & ventilation. Components of Buildings & their functions, Basic concept of R.C.C., Introduction to types of foundation
Chapter 5
Transportation: Introduction to Transportation Engineering; Traffic and Road Safety: Types and Characteristics of Various Modes of Transportation; Various Road Traffic Signs, Causes of Accidents and Road Safety Measures.
Chapter 6
Environmental Engineering: Environmental Pollution, Environmental Acts and Regulations, Functional Concepts of Ecology, Basics of Species, Biodiversity, Ecosystem, Hydrological Cycle; Chemical Cycles: Carbon, Nitrogen & Phosphorus; Energy Flow in Ecosystems.
Water Pollution: Water Quality standards, Introduction to Treatment & Disposal of Waste Water. Reuse and Saving of Water, Rain Water Harvesting. Solid Waste Management: Classification of Solid Waste, Collection, Transportation and Disposal of Solid. Recycling of Solid Waste: Energy Recovery, Sanitary Landfill, On-Site Sanitation. Air & Noise Pollution: Primary and Secondary air pollutants, Harmful effects of Air Pollution, Control of Air Pollution. . Noise Pollution Harmful Effects of noise pollution, control of noise pollution, Global warming & Climate Change, Ozone depletion, Greenhouse effect
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1. Palancharmy, Basic Civil Engineering, McGraw Hill publishers.
2. Satheesh Gopi, Basic Civil Engineering, Pearson Publishers.
3. Ketki Rangwala Dalal, Essentials of Civil Engineering, Charotar Publishing House.
4. BCP, Surveying volume 1
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- 1. OSTEOMALACIA It is an inadequate Or delayed mineralization of ostoid in mature cortical and spongy bone characterized by faulty mineralization, softening and weakening of the skeleton, and softening and weakening of the skeleton, and bowing of the bones. Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)
- 2. CAUSES Decreased availability of vitamin D Insufficient sun light exposure Malabsorption Malabsorption Chronic Renal failure Malnutrition Deficiency of calcium Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)
- 3. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY The primary defect in osteomalacia is a deficiency of activated vitamin D (calcitriol), which promotes calcium absorption from the gastrointestinal tract and facilitates mineralization of bone. mineralization of bone. Without adequate vitamin D, calcium and phosphate are not moved to calcification sites in bones. Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)
- 4. SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS Muscle weakness Bone pain and tenderness Weak bone Soft bones Soft bones Low serum calcium Increased level of alkaline phosphate Low level vitamin D in blood Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)
- 5. Rx/MANAGEMENT Ergocalciferol (D2) 50,000 I.U orally twice a week for 6-12 months In case of steatorrhea Calcifediol {25(OH)D} 50-100µg daily 50-100µg daily All patient should receive supplemental oral calcium salt e.g. calcium citrate 0.4-0.6grams or calcium carbonate 1-1.5grams) per day Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)
- 6. Rx/MANAGEMENT The underlying cause of osteomalacia is corrected if possible. If osteomalacia is caused by malabsorption If osteomalacia is dietary in origin, a diet with If osteomalacia is dietary in origin, a diet with adequate protein and increased calcium and vitamin D is provided. The safe use of supplements is reviewed because high doses of vitamin D are toxic and enhance the risk of hypercalcemia Sakhawat Baloch (N.I SON Male Jacobabad)