An operating system manages computer hardware resources and allows the use of applications. Popular operating systems include Linux, Android, iOS, Mac OS X, and Microsoft Windows. Operating systems can be found on devices like computers, phones, game consoles, and servers. There are different types of operating systems including graphical user interface, multi-user, multi-processing, multi-tasking, distributed, and embedded operating systems.

1. Operating
Systems.
What they do and what they are for.

2. • An operating system or “OS” is a
number of programs which manages
resources from computer hardware and
allows the use of applications which
are not self booting.

3. • An operating system can be found in any device which
contains a computer, such as a desk/lap top, mobile
phones, video game consoles, web servers and many
others.
• Popular operating systems include Linux, Android, iOS,
Mac, OS X and Microsoft Windows.
Where can an OS be
found.

4. • GUI – Short for graphical user interface – This OS is image based and is
commonly navigated by a mouse.
• Multi-User – A computer which allows different users to use the same
computer at the same time or different times.
• Multi-Processing – A computer which is able to utilize more than one
processor.
• Multi-Tasking - A processor which able to execute more than one
program at a time, which could either be pre-emptive which divides the
CPU and each program will take a slot or a co-operative which releys on
each program giving the other time in a defined manner.
• Distributed - A system like this manages a group of computers, much
like a server.
• Embedded - These systems are designed to work on smaller computing
objects such as PDA's.
Types of OS’.

5. File allocation table.

6. • The File allocation table is a feature used by the operating
system to locate files on a disk, even after fragmentation
the table will keep track of all the files.

7. • Linux is a true multi-user pc as it allows multiple desktop
instances to run simultaneously which can be accessed remotely.
Meaning you’re physical presence is not required to use the
computer.
• Windows may be able to run multiple desktop instances but only
one may be accessed at once as the Windows operating system
requires the physical presence of the person using the computer.
• Linux has a “root user” which enables software installation,
access to all files and even total hard drive formatting. This root
user is only used to tweak the system.
•
The Windows alternative to this is an “Administrator” account
which enables software installation and downloads and access to
all files. The admin account can be used as a regular account
without any real problem.
Windows Vs. Linux

8. • Linux is much more of a professional standard OS as
most new users may encounter computers which other,
more advanced user’s have already customised to their
specifications.
• Compared to Windows Linux is much more of a flexible
operating system as it has greater functionality and more
of a professional state. Linux is an open source system
which allows for the further customization of the
interface and programming.
W v L Interface

9. • Memory management is the process which involes
allocating amounts of RAM for the use of programs and
then freeing it when it is no longer needed. Whilst the
RAM is busy temporary storage may be created by
allocation sections of the Hard Drive to be used to for
program processing, this is a secondary form of RAM.
Memory Management.

10. • The user interface enables us to access the computer and
use it. This is otherwise known as Human - Computer
interaction.
• Without the user interface we would not be able to use,
view or even access the computer.
User interface.

11. • The device manager is a program within the Windows
operating system which allows the user to view all
hardware connected to the computer.
• From here you can enable or disable, add drivers for each
device or tell windows to simply ignore any faulty
devices.
Device management.

12. • Processor management comes down to two tasks:
Ensuring each program and application has enough
recieves enough of the processor's time in order to be
processed and using as many processor cycles as possible
for real work.
Processor management.

13. • GUI or Graphical User Interface is how most computing
devices work in modern age, it is simply the usage of
images, text and icons to help navigate and use a device.
For example: Accessing or opening a program can simply
be done by clicking the icon which resembles that
program.
Windows XP - Windows 7, Linux and all other modern
operating systems use a GUI.
HCI - GUI

14. • CLI or Command Line Interface is the usage of text and
command sequences to navigate and use a computing
device.
Specific commands such as
• doSomething how < inputFile > outputFile
HCI - CLI