This document discusses operating systems, including their definition, functions, types, examples, and market share. An operating system is a core software program that manages a computer's hardware and software resources and provides common services for running application programs. The main functions of an operating system include process management, memory management, file management, security management, and providing a user interface. Common types of operating systems are multi-user, multiprocessing, multi-tasking, multi-threading, and embedded systems. Popular examples include Windows, macOS, Linux, Android, and iOS. The market is currently dominated by Windows, Android, and iOS.

1. OPERATING
SYSTEMS

2. CONTENTS:-
What is an Operating System
Functions of Operating System
Types of Operating System
Examples of Operating System
Market share of Operating System
Conclusion
References

3. What Is An Operating System
• A modern computer consists of :-
One or more processors
Memory
Disks
Printers
Various input/output devices
• Managing all these varied components requires a layer of
software – the Operating System (OS).
• The operating system is the most important program that
runs on a computer.

4. • An operating system is a powerful, and usually large, program
that controls and manages the hardware and other software
on a computer.
• An operating system is actually a software, which makes a
computer to actually work, enables all the programs we use
and makes the computer more convenient to use .
• It provide a pleasant and effective interface between the user
and the hardware.
• Without an operating system, computer is useless.

5. Functions of Operating System
 Process Management
 Memory Management
 File Management
 Security Management
 Command Interpreter

6. 1.Process Management
By process management OS manages many kinds of
activities :-
o All process from start to shut down.
o Creation and deletion of user and system processes.
2.Memory Management
The major activities of an operating regard to memory-management
are:-
o Decide which process are loaded into memory when
memory space becomes available.
o Allocate and deallocate memory space as needed.

7. 3.File Management
The file management system allows the user to perform
tasks such as:-
o Creating files and directories
o Renaming files
o Coping and moving files
o Deleting files
4.Security Management
By security management OS manages many tasks such
as:-
o Alert messages
o Dialogue boxes
o Firewall
o Passwords

8. 5.Command Interpreter
A command interpreter is an interface between system and
the user. There are two types of user interface:-
o Command line
o Graphical user interface
With a command line user interface the user interact with the
OS by typing command to perform specific tasks
With a graphical user interface the user interacts with the OS by
using a mouse to access windows icons and menus

9. TYPES OF OPERATING SYSTEM
 Multi-user
 Multiprocessing
 Multi-tasking
 Multi-threading
 Embedded System

10. Multi-user
A multi-user operating system allows for multiple users to use the
same computer at the same time and different times . Examples
of Multi-user OS are :- Linux, Unix, Windows 2000.
Multiprocessing
A multi processing operating system is capable of supporting and
utilizing more than one computer processor. Examples of
Multiprocessing OS are:- Linux, Unix, Windows XP.

11. Multi-tasking
A multi-tasking operating system is capable of allowing multiple
software processes to run at the same time. Examples of Multi-tasking
OS are Linux, Unix, Windows 7.
Multi-threading
A multi-threading operating systems allows different parts of a
software program to run concurrently. Examples of Multireading
OS are Linux, Unix, Windows XP.

12. Embedded System
The embedded operating system are designed to
operate on small machines like PDAs with less
autonomy. They are very compact and extremely
efficient by design. Windows CE and Minix 3 are some
examples of embedded operating systems.

13. Examples of Operating Systems
Examples of modern operating
systems include Android,
Linux, iOS, Microsoft Windows,
Windows mobile, Blackberry.

14. Market Share of Operating Systems:-

15. Conclusion
As Operating System controls and
coordinates the use of the hardware
among various applications programs for
various uses, we can say that it plays a
very important role in computer system.
Without an operating system, computer is
useless.