Open textbooks
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Explanation of Open Textbooks, CC licenses, and recent California initiatives. See slide 12 for list and links to Open Textbook Sources. Pr
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Open textbooks
- 1. Open Textbooks Karen Farrell for the Robert E Kennedy Library
- 2. OMG Textbooks 1. Didn’t something pass in California recently, regarding 50 open (freely available) textbooks??? 2. College bookstores usually sell used copies too 3. amazon.com sells used 4. half.com (part of ebay) has a whole section of used textbooks 5. Barnes and Noble has textbook rental options 6. Google either the title in quotes or the ISBN number to find other possible sources 7. check out digital copies through itunes or amazon to see if they are available. they are cheaper than new if they're available, but not necessarily cheaper than used. they're also still a work in progress. reading novels on them is pretty straightforward, but if you want to take notes or go back and review pages, it can be more work. Also, there's no rule for whether there will be page numbers, which can make reading assigned pages, referencing pages in papers, etc. more difficult. I have a Kindle, which I like reading on just fine - it's simple, holds a charge for a really long time, and isn't hard on my eyes, plus easy to carry around. But I've done a couple of textbooks/school books with it, and always found it more painful than print...but it is cheaper. 8. there may be email list-servs for students at his school with listings for students selling their copies of textbooks 9. Check for old-school ways that people advertise selling used books - like notes posted on a bulletin board. If they have social media (Facebook) he could ask there and see if anyone has suggestions or insight. 10. The library may keep multiple copies on reserve. He can check on the website. 11. If he doesn’t have a school login yet, worldcat.org is an international library catalog. I don't know how many libraries will carry textbooks that aren’t already being reserved for their own students, but you
- 3. What is OER? • Education, learning, teaching • Public domain • Intellectual property license allowing free use, reuse, distribution, & modification
- 4. Intellectual Property • Standard Copyright – “all rights reserved” • Public domain • Fair Use limitation • Alternative licensing options – Creative Commons – GNU Public License ©
- 5. Creative Commons License • “some rights reserved” • range of ready-made licensing options – Attribution (CC BY) – Share Alike (SA) – Non-commercial (NC) – No derivatives (ND) • “all rights granted”
- 6. Open Textbooks “Japanese Textbooks” by Asahiko, used under CC BY-SA license
- 7. Open Textbook Benefits • Up-to-date information • Ability to modify to suit needs • Increase sharing & speed of research ✚
- 9. Open Textbook Issues Quality & Peer-review
- 10. California OER Law SB 1052 & 1053 • California Open Education Resources Council (COERC) • California Open Source Digital Library • 50 most common lower division courses • Must use Creative Commons license
- 11. California OER Law SB 1052 & 1053 SB 1052: “These provisions would become operative only if funding for the purposes of this bill is provided in the annual Budget Act or another statute, or through federal or private funds, or through a combination of state, federal, and private funds.” COERC Report: “no funds have been allocated to make COERC operational, and COERC has made no further progress”
- 12. Open Textbook Sources • DigitalCommons@CalPoly • Merlot • UMinn Open Textbook Catalog • OpenStax • College Open Textbooks • Open Textbook Store • Bookboon • OER Commons • Boundless
- 13. Thank you!
Editor's Notes
- Serendipitously timed emailPoint out #1 – will discuss later
- Open Textbooks fall under OERExamples of OER include full courses, course materials, modules, learning objects, open textbooks, openly licensed (often streamed) videos, tests, software, and other tools, materials, or techniques used to support access to knowledgeWhat does ‘open’ mean?
- Covers all normally published works, and even unpublished works1976 Copyright Act – authors of original works; author’s life +70 years if after 1/1/1978 before 1923 is in public domain;Fair Use – includes for research or scholarship; see library page for more: http://lib.calpoly.edu/research/copyright/fairuse.html
- Creative Commons – non-profit in Mountain View; began in 2001Goal: Revise—adapt and improve the OER so it better meets your needs.Remix—combine or "mash up" the OER with other OER to produce new materials.Reuse—use the original or your new version of the OER in a wide range of contexts.Redistribute—make copies and share the original OER or your new version with others.Attribution, requiring attribution to the original author; Share Alike, allowing derivative works under the same or a similar license; Non-Commercial, requiring the work is not used for commercial purposes; and No Derivative Works, allowing only the original work, without derivatives. Also, place directly into public domain.Attribution (CC BY)Attribution Share Alike (CC BY-SA)Attribution No Derivatives (CC BY-ND)Attribution Non-Commercial (CC BY-NC)Attribution Non-Commercial Share Alike (CC BY-NC-SA)Attribution Non-Commercial No Derivatives (CC BY-NC-ND)
- Explain example attribution – Japanese textbooks from Wikimedia; hyperlink to author, to license; this covers all bases as there is not full standardization of how to give attribution – this is what CC recommends.Open textbooks ideally fall under CC BY or Attributionestablished what differentiates open textbooks from regularly published textbooks, now on toBenefits – first cost - College Board estimates $1200/year for undergraduate at 4year public university for books and supplies (http://trends.collegeboard.org/college-pricing/figures-tables/average-estimated-undergraduate-budgets-2012-13)Intro textbooks can be over $200 a piece (http://www.studentpirgs.org/news/gao-report-finds-textbook-prices-continue-skyrocket)A report issued by the United States Government Accountability Office on June 6th confirms a trend of the educational publishing industry: textbook costs to students at higher education institutions are rising 6% per year on average, and have risen 82% over the last decade. (http://creativecommons.org/tag/open-textbooks)That’s 3X rate of inflation
- Other benefits-no need for entire newly revised publication – can update as needed digitally-as mentioned in Creative Commons goals – can revise – take out chapter; add graph or chart; substitute own work-benefits to faculty research – open access research downloaded and cited more often and more quickly (http://library.duke.edu/openaccess/benefits.html)Research funded mandates becoming more common eg. NIH (National Institute of Health) The NIH Public Access Policy ensures that the public has access to the published results of NIH funded research. It requires scientists to submit final peer-reviewed journal manuscripts that arise from NIH funds to the digital archive PubMed Centralupon acceptance for publication. To help advance science and improve human health, the Policy requires that these papers are accessible to the public on PubMed Central no later than 12 months after publication. (http://publicaccess.nih.gov/)
- Two main issues commonly mentioned by faculty - difficult to find & quality is an unknownWill look at other sources shortly, but can use Google to search for open textbooks directly
- Quality is a mixed-bag, no standardized peer-review process, lack of reviews in generalUMinnstarted last spring (April/May 2012)Goal – Started by “David Ernst, director of academic and information technology for the College of Education and Human Development at the University of MinnesotaStipend for faculty reviews within the UniversityGo to webpage – (Math – “Collaborative Statistics”)Review includes: content, comprehensiveness, accuracy, presentation, usability, general comments (strengths & concerns); author info, reviewer info
- Identify 50 courses – There is specific criteria stated in the billAdminister a standardized, rigorous review and approval process – competitive request for proposalsPromote strategies for production, access, and use of open source materialsSolicit and consider student perspectives through the Statewide Student AssociationsProduce or manage the production of 50 OER textbooksReport to the Legislature on progress within 6 months of operation Final Report to Legislature on January 1, 2016Textbooks and other materials produced pursuant to this section shallbe placed under a specific creative commons attribution licenseallow easy customization, andconform to the most current standards under various accessibility codes House all materials in the California Open Source Digital Library (SB 1053)Digital Library - a statewide repository for high-quality digital open source textbooks and related materials; administered by CalState Universities in coordination with Community Colleges
- http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201120120SB1052COERC report from June.Got tied up with MOOC Bill (SB 520) which has been tabled for now. Most recent budget did set aside money for each university system for educational technology ($10 million for Cal State) – should see this start to move forward again soon(http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2013-14/pdf/BudgetSummary/HigherEducation.pdf)
- Merlot –led by California State University system; collaboration of 23 higher education institutions; over 2500 open textbooks; includes full peer-review process for some resourcesOpenStax – Rice Univiversity through OER Connexions: “OpenStax College invests more than $500,000 to develop each book. It hires the same content developers that major publishers hire, and its books are peer-reviewed by hundreds of faculty reviewers. Grants make it possible for OpenStax to offer its titles for free.” (http://news.rice.edu/2013/05/02/openstax-college-doubles-down-on-free-textbooks/) Funded by grants; first 2 books published in June 2012; goal of 25 booksCollege Open Textbooks – aimed at Community Colleges; not a repository; collects listings of open texts and adds peer-review; collection of twenty-nine educational non-profit and for-profit organizations, affiliated with more than 200 colleges, is focused on driving awareness and adoptions of open textbooks (http://www.collegeopentextbooks.org/about-us/who-are-we)Open Textbook Store – small collection vetted by author educatorsBookboon – based out of London; switched to publishing open texts in 2005; open access (not customizable); no peer review processOER Commons – aggregates over 300 open content sites; can limit to post-secondary textbooks; looks more like typical database; active wikiBoundless.com (.org is Christian dating site): According to Washington Post, “The app’s books are good at covering the basics — so good in fact, that textbook publishers have sued the company for copyright infringement. A settlement is reportedly in the works.:” – 20+ free, others cost $20; aimed at students as replacement text (http://articles.washingtonpost.com/2013-08-17/business/41420835_1_app-textbook-publishers-copyright-infringement)Maryland Open Source Textbooks (MOST) starting spring 2014 (http://www.thetowerlight.com/2013/09/university-system-to-test-open-source-textbooks/)
- http://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billNavClient.xhtml?bill_id=201120120SB1052COERC report from June.Got tied up with MOOC Bill (SB 520) which has been tabled for now. Most recent budget did set aside money for each university system for educational technology ($10 million for Cal State) – should see this start to move forward again soon(http://www.ebudget.ca.gov/2013-14/pdf/BudgetSummary/HigherEducation.pdf)