1) Institutional repositories centralize, preserve, and make accessible the intellectual output of academic institutions like scholarly articles, theses, and books. They are often established and managed by academic libraries. 2) There are four primary mechanisms for enabling open access: open access publishing, digital repositories, author rights policies, and open access policies at institutions. Libraries play an important role in supporting open access through repositories and expertise. 3) Issues for establishing institutional repositories include intellectual property, existing collections, administration, long-term preservation, funding, and software options. Benefits include wider dissemination, access for students and faculty, and showcasing the institution.

1. Statistics Open access movement in institutional repository
Open access (OA) means unrestricted online access to peer-reviewed scholarly research. Open access is
primarily intended for scholarly journal articles, but is also provided for a growing number of theses, book
chapters, and scholarly monographs.
Open Access is the free, immediate, online availability of research articles, coupled with the rights to
use these articles fully in the digital environment.
There are four primary mechanisms that can be used to enable Open Access: -
Open Access Publishing: Authors can choose to publish their research articles in a growing number of
journals that meet the full definition of Open Access. Articles are free to all interested readers, and
the publishers place no financial or copyright barriers between the readers and the article.
Digital Repositories: Authors can choose to deposit their research articles in digital archives (often
called Digital Repositories or Institutional Repositories) which conform to the standards of the Open
Archives Initiative (OAI), and enable readers to freely access and fully reuse the article text.
Effectively Managed Author Rights: As the authors of a research paper, you have ability to ensure
that your article can be accessed and used by the widest possible audience.
Local, National and International Open Access Policies: Institutions that support research, from
public and private research funders to higher education institutions, can implement effective policies
that that support making Open Access to scholarly research articles the default mode for their
researchers.
An institutional repository
An institutional repository (IR) is a digital collection of a university’s intellectual output. Institutional
repositories centralize, preserve, and make accessible the knowledge generated by academic
institutions. Institutional repositories have been established in academic and research libraries.
University based institutional repositories manage, disseminate and preserve where appropriate,
digital materials created by the institution and its community members. They also organize and
access these materials, (Lynch 2003). A survey conducted by the Coalition for Networked
Information (CN1) and (United States Higher Education Institutions, 2005) found that research
libraries have taken on a leadership role in both policy formulation and operational deployment
roles for institutional repositories at research universities.
Definition: Clifford Lynch (2003), executive director of the Coalition for Networked Information,
describes an IR as “aset of services that a university offers to the members of its community for the
management and dissemination of digital materials created by the institution and its community
members.”
Other than replacing “a university” with “an organization,” this definition reflects how IRs
are discussed in this report. Lynch’s definition is particularly appropriate because services, and not
technologies, are the emphasis.
roles of libraries:in institutional repositories as follows:

2. 1.Academic libraries retain responsibility for managing and archiving traditionally published print
materials.
2. Library programmes and budgets will have to support faculty open access publishing activities in
order for libraries to remain relevant in this constituency.
3. For libraries with organizational imperative to invest in the future, institutional repositories offer a
compelling response.
4. Libraries are best suited to provide much of the document preparation expertise (document
format control, archival standards etc) to help authors contribute their research to institution’s
repository.
5. Libraries can most effectively provide much of the expertise in terms of metadata tagging,
authority controls and the other content managementrequirement that increases access to and
usability of the data.
Issues for Institutional Repositories
There are various issues which needs to be properly addressed before establishing any
InstitutionalRepositories. The main issues for establishing are:
Intellectual Property Rights/Copyright: Institutional repositories raise issues of rights - not just
copyright but other intellectual property rightssuch as patent rights
Existing digital collections: New IRs at most organisations will have to take account of existing
collections. Some of these viz.personal self-archiving websites may be best source for the IR
Organisation and administration: Who will manage the IR ? Where will it be located? What will be
the relationship between the centre and the departments ?
Preservation:This is very important issue. The long-term preservation of digital objects are very far
from solved.
Funding/business model: How will the IR be funded, and what business model will it adopt ?
 What is the benefit of Institutional Repositories: Researchers benefit through wider (and
more rapid) dissemination of their work, resulting in more “research impact”. ?
 PG and UG students benefit, as university publications are readily accessible via the
institution’s virtual learning environment, library system and institutional portal. ?
 The university benefits from a higher profile by making all output publicly (and freely)
available. ?
 The university benefits by having a comprehensive managed and preserved record of
itsresearch output.
 Opening up outputs of the institution to a worldwide audience;
 Maximizing the visibility and impact of these outputs as a result;

3.  Showcasing the institution to interested constituencies – prospective staff, prospective students and other
stakeholders;
 Collecting and curating digital output;
 Managing and measuring research and teaching activities;
 Providing a workspace for work-in-progress, and for collaborative or large-scale projects;
 Enabling and encouraging interdisciplinary approaches to research;
Software
There are a number of open-source software packages for running a repository including:
DSpace
EPrints
Fedora
Invenio
SobekCM
CDL History: The CDL was founded by the University of California in 1997 to take advantage of
emerging technologies that were transforming the way digital information was being published and
accessed. Since then, in collaboration with the UC libraries and other partners, we assembled one of
the world’s largest digital research libraries and changed the ways that faculty, students, and
researchers discover and access information.
In 1998, the OAC was formally integrated into the CaDL. Immediately, in the same year, the
combination began developing digital content. CaDL received additional funding for encoding finding
aids from the LSTA program. With the money from the LSTA program the CaDL initiated two
projects: MOAC (Museums and the Online Archive of California) and JARDA (Japanese American
Relocation Digital Archive). Later in 2001, CaDL launched LHDRP (Local History Digital Resources
Project), a program that encourages and helps public libraries and other local California institutions
contribute to the OAC. In 2006, CaDL launched California Cultures.
Mission: The California Digital Library's mission is "to support the community’s pursuit of scholarship
and to extend the University’s public service mission." The California Digital Library’s vision is to
provide quality collections that are accessible to everyone, available in all digital formats, and
available on a global scale. The California Digital Library believes it can make a difference by
transforming research, teaching, and learning by exemplifying their values of innovation,
collaboration, openness, sharing, privacy, and learning.
Services and Projects:
 Melvyl: Melvyl is an online library catalog employed by the CaDL, and is one of the first
examples where an attempt has been made to revolutionize library catalog systems with
modern information resources.

4.  UC-eLinks: UC-eLinks is a feature developed to make resource requesting ubiquitous and
streamlined. The UC-eLink button is inserted, through personalized URL manipulation, into
library catalogs, online databases, citation programs, and in the citations of articles
themselves.[8] Users can then click on the button in order to access the associated
publication, or request access if it is a print-only resource. Inter-library loan requests can
also be quickly made with the UC-eLink request form, as well as tutorials on library resource
requests in general
 Digital Special Collections
 Discovery & Delivery
 eScholarship
 Calisphere
Alexandria Digital: The Alexandria Digital Research Library (ADRL) is UC Santa Barbara
Library's home for collections of digital research materials. This comprehensive digital library is
intended to increase access to millions of hidden digital research assets in the UCSB Library's
possession and, ultimately, serve as a single federated dashboard or front end to discovering all of
the Library's resources.
The first phase of ADRL launched in April 2014, making theses and dissertations created by UCSB
graduate students since 2011 available to the UCSB community. In phase two, scheduled to be
completed in June 2014, a representative subset of several thousand objects in the UCSB Library's
existing digital collections will be added. The UCSB Library is working to identify additional research
materials for digitization and delivery via ADRL.
ADRL builds on the expertise that UCSB developed in the 1990s with the Alexandria Digital Library
(ADL), an online repository for geospatial information. The new ADRL will feature diverse collections,
disciplines, and information types—including images, text, streamed media, and numeric and spatial
data.
Materials in ADRL are subject to copyright and other access restrictions dictated by individual authors.
Therefore, a UCSB NetID and password may be required to view some materials in ADRL, such as
full-text electronic theses and dissertations. As the collections in this long-term project expand over
time in size and scope, we will update this page with new details.
Design Goals for ADL: The ADL project consists of three major efforts: (1)
basic research; (2) building a testbed;
components of ADL
 Collections
 Metadata
 Search
 Retrieval and user workspace
 Underlying system