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On the Step Explosion Problem Stephan Roch Humboldt-Universität  zu Berlin Karsten Wolf (= Karsten Schmidt) Universität Rostock
Steps in Petri nets …  irrelevant for set of reachable markings: m  m‘  m  m1 …..  m‘ {t1,…,tn} t1 t2 tn    State space tools do not consider steps
Steps in Petri nets with read arcs a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1)  (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b}
Steps in Petri nets with inhibitory arcs a b p1 p2 (0,0,1,1) (0,1,0,1)  (1,0,1,0) (1,1,0,0) a b {a,b} p3 p4
Steps in Petri nets with reset arcs a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,0,1,0)  (0,0,0,1) (0,0,1,1) a b {a,b} p3 p4
Steps in Petri nets with capacities a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,0,1,1) {a,b} p3 p4 - first consume then produce -
Steps in Petri nets with priorities a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,1,1,0)  (1,0,0,1) (0,0,0,0)  (0,0,0,0) (0,0,1,1) {a,b} p3 p4 t1 t2 a t2 b t1
Steps in Petri nets with signal arcs a t1 p (1) (1)  (1) (2) {a,t1} {b,t2} {a,b,t2} b t2 {a,b,t1}
How to deal with the additional markings? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Solution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],s s1 s2
An irreducible step a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1)  (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b}
A reducible step a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1)  (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b} b
Main result:  An easily computable over-approximation of the irreducuble steps ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Relation    for nets with read arcs ,[object Object],a b a b p1 p2 a   rd b b   rd a b   rd a a   rd b a b p1 p2 {a,b}    {a}  {b}
Proof of reducibility ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],b a
Computation of a reduced step list ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Plenty of time No time
Computation of all strongly connected sets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compute all SCS in Fac    Comp which include Comp
Computation of all strongly connected sets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compute all SCS in Fac    Comp which include Comp Every SCS is included in one SCC
Computation of all strongly connected sets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compute all SCS in Fac    Comp which include Comp
Computation of all strongly connected sets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compute all SCS in Fac    Comp which include Comp Those SCS that do not contain x
Computation of all strongly connected sets ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Compute all SCS in Fac    Comp which include Comp Those SCS that contain x
Steps and stubborn sets ,[object Object],[object Object],a b c {a}     {ab}, {ac}, {abc}    {bc}, {b},  {c}  Situation with Irreducible steps: Much better
Steps and CTL ,[object Object],a b c d EX (p3  p4) true (full), false (reduced) EG ((p1  p2)  (p3  p4)) true (full), false (reduced) E((p1  p2)U(p3  p4)) true (full), false (reduced)
Some numbers ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

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On the Step Explosion Problem

  • 1. On the Step Explosion Problem Stephan Roch Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin Karsten Wolf (= Karsten Schmidt) Universität Rostock
  • 2. Steps in Petri nets … irrelevant for set of reachable markings: m m‘  m m1 ….. m‘ {t1,…,tn} t1 t2 tn  State space tools do not consider steps
  • 3. Steps in Petri nets with read arcs a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1) (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b}
  • 4. Steps in Petri nets with inhibitory arcs a b p1 p2 (0,0,1,1) (0,1,0,1) (1,0,1,0) (1,1,0,0) a b {a,b} p3 p4
  • 5. Steps in Petri nets with reset arcs a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,0,1,0) (0,0,0,1) (0,0,1,1) a b {a,b} p3 p4
  • 6. Steps in Petri nets with capacities a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,0,1,1) {a,b} p3 p4 - first consume then produce -
  • 7. Steps in Petri nets with priorities a b p1 p2 (1,1,0,0) (0,1,1,0) (1,0,0,1) (0,0,0,0) (0,0,0,0) (0,0,1,1) {a,b} p3 p4 t1 t2 a t2 b t1
  • 8. Steps in Petri nets with signal arcs a t1 p (1) (1) (1) (2) {a,t1} {b,t2} {a,b,t2} b t2 {a,b,t1}
  • 9.
  • 10.
  • 11. An irreducible step a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1) (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b}
  • 12. A reducible step a b p1 p2 (1,1) (0,1) (1,0) (0,0) a b {a,b} b
  • 13.
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