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Oh What a Lovely War
This document summarizes a presentation about World War 1 from both a global and local perspective. It discusses the origins and key events of the war at a high level, Canada and Oshawa's roles, and the impact and legacy and the war. Specifically, it outlines Canada's military contributions and economic mobilization during the war, as well as Oshawa residents who fought, local Ukrainian internment, nursing sisters who served, and what happened to veterans after the war.
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Oh What a Lovely War
- 1. OH, WHAT A LOVELYWAR World War One: Big Picture and Oshawa May 13, 2014 Oshawa Durham A.M. Kiwanis Club Robert T. Bell & Glenn McKnight
- 2. Overview Part One: BigPicture Part Two: Canada's Role Part Three: Oshawa's Role Part Four: Legacy of the war
- 3. Glenn McKnight Glenn isa Director with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities and he has been active as a citizen journalist capturing the stories and memories of local Oshawa military history. Stories from War of 1812, American Civil War, Fenian Raids, WW 2, WW 2 and Korean Wars He is a volunteer with the 1948 Partition Project which is collecting memories of those who suffered the partition of British India
- 4. Glenn McKnight Glenn isa Director with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities and he has been active as a citizen journalist capturing the stories and memories of local Oshawa military history. Stories from War of 1812, American Civil War, Fenian Raids, WW 2, WW 2 and Korean Wars He is a volunteer with the 1948 Partition Project which is collecting memories of those who suffered the partition of British India
- 5. Robert T. Bell Isa local REALTOR ® with Guide Realty Limited Brokerage & owner of Durham Metal Detectors. Always interested in history & the community he is a long time member of the Oshawa Historical Society, The Durham Region Branch of the Ontario Genealogical Society, & is currently an appointed member of Heritage Oshawa. Volunteering with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities he has been involved in the War of 1812 Project & the Canadian Victory Garden. He is believer in life long learning!
- 6. Part One The BigPicture The Big Picture
- 11. “REASONS FOR WAR” Europedivided into many alliances & the big 2 were: Central Powers – Italy, Austria-Hungary & Germany Triple Entente (Allies) – France, Great Britain & Russia
- 12. •June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir toA-H throne & wife Sophia visited Sarajevo, Bosnia.
- 13. •BLACK HAND (Serbian terrorist group whowant Bosnia free),try to kill Franz. • Tried a bomb & failed. •GAVRILLO PRINCEP shoots both
- 14. WAR BEGINS!!! • Germany declares waron Serbs July 28th , 1914
- 15. •Aug. 4th , 1914,Great Britain declares war on Germany for violating Belgium’s neutrality.
- 18. • Schlieffen Plangoes thru Belgium to circle Paris, •Germany stopped at 1st Battle of Marne (Sept. 6-10, 1914). •French troops sent in taxis to front line in red uniforms.
- 21. New Technology and War •Trenches •Poisongas (Chlorine, Mustard) •Tanks •Planes •Machine guns •Zeppelins
- 22.
- 32. Part Two Canadian Rolein the War Canada's Role and the War
- 33. War by Numbers 660,000Canadians recruited 70 % British born 67,000 died 160,000 wounded Cost $2 billion
- 34. CEF Battles Mons St. Eloi NeuveChappele Ypres x 2 Givenchy La Basse Loos Amiens Valenciennes Plugstreet St. Julien The Somme Courelette Vimy Ridge Hill 70 Paschendale Arras Cambria
- 35. The Impact ofthe War
- 36. •Became TOTAL WAR-complete mobilization of resources& people. •Women take over jobs in factories
- 37. PLANNED ECONOMIES Systems runby gov't agencies that expanded powers to meet needs such as: conscription, regulate import/exports, ration food, control prices, wages & rent control Income Tax
- 38. • The financial costof the war amounted to almost $38 billion for Germany • Austria-Hungary $20 billion. • Other $2 billion The war cost Central Powers $60 billion Britain $35 Billion Canada $2 Billion France $24 Billion Russia $22 Billion USA $22 billion Other $2 billion The war cost the Allies $125 billion
- 39. Terms for GermanyDefeat Abdication of the Kaiser Pay war reparations Reduction to a 100,000 standing army Get rid of air force & reduce navy Return Alsace & Loraine Sections of Germany given to Poland.
- 40. Part Three Oshawa LocalHistoryOshawa's Role in the War
- 41. Part Three Oshawa LocalHistory Ontario Regiment Many local residents joined the 116 Battalion and the 182 Battalion fighting with the 9th Infantry Brigade and the 18th Reserve Battalion - 330 number of dead ? of wounded ? of recruits
- 42.
- 43. Imprisonment of Ukranians •At the declaration of war a War Measures Act was implemented • 300 local Ukrainians imprisoned, detained and documented • In 1918 a local church was invaded by the police as apparently reported in the Oshawa Times
- 44. Home (Barnardo) Children *Approximately 118,000 children sent * Sent from 1863 to 1939 * Sent to Canada at a young age * Only 2% were Orphans! * They were sending them to “A better life” * Some were given “into care” with intentions of reunification that never happened * Siblings were separated “in care”
- 45.
- 46. Nursing Sisters -Angels of Mercy * Called Sisters because many belonged to Religious orders * About 2,504 served in WWI * Given the rank of Lieutenant * Called Bluebirds because of their Blue dresses, they wore white aprons & veils * Often in harms way - 46 killed in the line of duty
- 47. Sarah Ellen Garbutt * EnlistedApril 3, 1917 Kingston * Arrived in England June 8 * Hospitalized in England June 27 * Died of cancer Aug 20, 1917 age 42
- 48.
- 49. What happened toveterans
- 50.
- 51. More Recreation of WW 1Victory Garden Doors Open Oshawa Sept 27th Five Geocache locations -William Piano Factory -Armory -Train Station -Simcoe United -Robson Leather
- 52.