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Oh What a Lovely War- Probus Presentation
This document provides an overview of a presentation given to the Whitby Probus Club about World War 1 and Oshawa's role. It was presented in four parts: 1) the big picture of WW1 in Europe; 2) Canada's role in the war, including battles and impacts on the home front; 3) Oshawa's local history, including numbers who fought and died, imprisonment of Ukrainians, home children who were sent to Canada, and stories of individuals; 4) what happened to veterans after the war. The presentation was given by Robert Bell and Glenn McKnight to provide historical context and highlight Oshawa's contributions during WW1.
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Oh What a Lovely War- Probus Presentation
- 1. OH, WHAT A LOVELYWAR World War One: Big Picture and Oshawa January 25, 2017 Whitby Probus Club Robert T. Bell & Glenn McKnight
- 2. Overview Part One: BigPicture Part Two: Canada's Role Part Three: Oshawa's Role Part Four: Legacy of the war
- 3. Glenn McKnight Glenn isa Director with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities and he has been active as a citizen journalist capturing the stories and memories of local Oshawa military history. Stories from War of 1812, American Civil War, Fenian Raids, WW 2, WW 2 and Korean Wars He is a volunteer with the 1948 Partition Project which is collecting memories of those who suffered the partition of British India
- 4. Robert T. Bell Isa local REALTOR ® with Coldwell Banker 2M Realty Brokerage & owner of Durham Metal Detectors. Always interested in history & the community he is a long time member of the Oshawa Historical Society, The Durham Region Branch of the Ontario Genealogical Society, & is a former member of Heritage Oshawa. Volunteering with the Foundation for Building Sustainable Communities he has been involved in the War of 1812 Project & the Canadian Victory Garden. He is believer in life long learning!
- 5. Part One The BigPicture The Big Picture
- 10. “REASONS FOR WAR” Europedivided into many alliances & the big 2 were: Central Powers – Italy, Austria-Hungary & Germany Triple Entente (Allies) – France, Great Britain & Russia
- 11. •June 28, 1914: Archduke Franz Ferdinand, heir toA-H throne & wife Sophia visited Sarajevo, Bosnia.
- 12. •BLACK HAND (Serbian terrorist group whowant Bosnia free),try to kill Franz. • Tried a bomb & failed. •GAVRILLO PRINCEP shoots both
- 13. WAR BEGINS!!! • Germany declares waron Serbs July 28th , 1914
- 14. •Aug. 4th , 1914,Great Britain declares war on Germany for violating Belgium’s neutrality.
- 17. • Schlieffen Plangoes thru Belgium to circle Paris, •Germany stopped at 1st Battle of Marne (Sept. 6-10, 1914). •French troops sent in taxis to front line in red uniforms.
- 20. New Technology and War •Trenches •Poisongas (Chlorine, Mustard) •Tanks •Planes •Machine guns •Zeppelins
- 22.
- 32. Part Two Canadian Rolein the War Canada's Role and the War
- 33. War by Numbers 660,000Canadians recruited 70 % British born 67,000 died 160,000 wounded Cost $2 billion
- 34. CEF Battles Mons St. Eloi NeuveChappele Ypres x 2 Givenchy La Basse Loos Amiens Valenciennes Plugstreet St. Julien The Somme Courelette Vimy Ridge Hill 70 Paschendale Arras Cambria
- 35. The Impact ofthe War
- 36. Homefront Rationing Victory Gardens Metal andFat Drives Women in Factories War Measures Act Canadian Red Cross Local Bond Drives Care packages Post hospital care War production Limited women's vote Industrialization
- 37. •Became TOTAL WAR-complete mobilization of resources& people. •Women take over jobs in factories
- 38. PLANNED ECONOMIES Systems runby gov't agencies that expanded powers to meet needs such as: conscription, regulate import/exports, ration food, control prices, wages & rent control Income Tax
- 39. • The financial costof the war amounted to almost $38 billion for Germany • Austria-Hungary $20 billion. • Other $2 billion The war cost Central Powers $60 billion Britain $35 Billion Canada $2 Billion France $24 Billion Russia $22 Billion USA $22 billion Other $2 billion The war cost the Allies $125 billion
- 40. Terms for GermanyDefeat Abdication of the Kaiser Pay war reparations Reduction to a 100,000 standing army Get rid of air force & reduce navy Return Alsace & Loraine Sections of Germany given to Poland.
- 41. Part Three Oshawa LocalHistoryOshawa's Role in the War
- 42. Part Three Oshawa LocalHistory Ontario Regiment Many local residents joined the 116 Battalion and the 182 Battalion fighting with the 9th Infantry Brigade and the 18th Reserve Battalion - 330 number of dead ? of wounded ? of recruits
- 43.
- 44. Imprisonment of Ukranians •At the declaration of war a War Measures Act was implemented • 300 local Ukrainians imprisoned, detained and documented • In 1918 a local church was invaded by the police as apparently reported in the Oshawa Times
- 45. Home (Barnardo) Children *Approximately 118,000 children sent * Sent from 1863 to 1939 * Sent to Canada at a young age * Only 2% were Orphans! * They were sending them to “A better life” * Some were given “into care” with intentions of reunification that never happened * Siblings were separated “in care”
- 46. Herbert Green –Born1881, 1892 into care, 1894 to Canada
- 47.
- 48. Nursing Sisters -Angels of Mercy * Called Sisters because many belonged to Religious orders * About 2,504 served in WWI * Given the rank of Lieutenant * Called Bluebirds because of their Blue dresses, they wore white aprons & veils * Often in harms way - 46 killed in the line of duty
- 49. Sarah Ellen Garbutt * EnlistedApril 3, 1917 Kingston * Arrived in England June 8 * Hospitalized in England June 27 * Died of cancer Aug 20, 1917 age 42
- 50.
- 51. What happened toveterans
- 52.
- 53. Resources Attestation Papers Http:tinyurl.com/odx6r2q Slideshow FBSC www.fbsc.org BobBell www.roberttbell.com