a brief description about nutrients needed for human body and 6 major nutrient carbohydrates fats protein vitamins minerals fiber.
balanced diet and it definitions.
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Learn about food and its nutrients viz., Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Minerals & Vitamins. Also learn about a balanced diet and the sources of nutrients.
Learn about food and its nutrients viz., Proteins, Carbohydrates, Fats, Minerals & Vitamins. Also learn about a balanced diet and the sources of nutrients.
Food is a nutritive substance taken by an organism for growth work, repair and maintaining life processes. Food is a kind of fuel for the living things. Just as petrol fuel for our car, in the same way, food is a fuel for our body.
FOODS WE EAT - ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES CLASS III-CBSEBIOLOGY TEACHER
Most of our food is made of these things. We get food from plants and animals. Depending on what grows easily at which place, different things are eaten at different places. We not only eat different things but we also use the same things to prepare a variety of food items.
Utilization of foods,Physical activities,different components of variable nutritional value of food, classification of food nutrients,water,mineral salt
Nutrients
What is the nutrient? Nutrients are any substances that the body requires to perform work and which provide energy to do work. The most common functions of nutrients are: they provide energy, make body structure, and maintain chemical processes in the body. There are two main types of nutrients, macronutrients (proteins, carbohydrates, and fats) and micronutrients (vitamins and minerals). We eat nutrients not only because we are hungry but also because all the daily routine movements, like walking, dancing, talking, and even watching TV or playing games also need energy. Humans need many nutrients, some of which the body synthesizes called non-essential nutrients, and which the body cannot synthesize are called essential nutrients.
Types of nutrients: requirement basis
Nutrients can be divided into two categories on the basis of body requirements, which are macronutrients and micronutrients.
1- Macronutrients: (macro means large) Macronutrients are those nutrients that the body requires eventually in larger quantities to function well to provide energy. E.g.: carbohydrates, proteins, fats.
2- Micronutrients: (micro means small) those nutrients which the body requires a small amount to perform vital works. need in milligrams or micrograms to energize the body. E.g.: vitamins (A, B, D, E, K) and minerals (calcium, phosphorus, potassium, sodium, chloride, magnesium, iron, zinc, iodine, chromium, copper, fluoride, molybdenum, manganese, and selenium).
Rule of major nutrients
There are seven important nutrients present in diets, but five are the most important for the body to do vital functions. These nutrients are protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins, and minerals. And other two nutrients are water and roughage which do not provide nutrition to the body but perform important functions.
Protein
Protein is the building block of a body. It is composed of many small units called amino acids. These amino acids encoded by genes, combine together in a sequence to form a long chain called protein. The bond between two amino acids is called a peptide bond or amide linkage. The word protein is derived from the Greek word proteios, meaning primary or 1st rank.
What are the sources of Protein?
There are many sources of protein, some of them present below.
Egg, Bean, Meat, Fish, Milk, Paneer, Mushroom, Cottage cheese, Soybean, Lentil, Peanut, Greek Yogurt, Quinoa, Nuts, Beef, Almond, Legume etc.
Amino Acids
Amino acids are the basic unit of protein. Amino acids combine with specific sequences into long chains to form proteins. These sequences are coded by genes.
There are 20 amino acids, 9 essential amino acids, and 11 non-essential amino acids.
1- Essential amino acids: There are nine amino acids that our body can not synthesize but obtain from diets that's why they are called essential amino acids. Ex: histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine.
2- Non-essential amino acids: those amino acids that synthesize in our own body and are not required in our
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Nutrients
Nutrients are compounds in foods essential to
life and health, providing us with energy, the
building blocks for repair and growth and
substances necessary to regulate chemical
processes
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Carbohydrates
A carbohydrate is a biomolecule consisting of
carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms
Carbohydrates serve several key functions in
your body. They provide you with energy for
daily tasks and are the primary fuel source for
your brain's high energy demands.
Sources of carbohydrates are breads, grains,
and pasta, nuts and legumes, starchy vegetables,
milk and yogurts.
6. Fats
A fat molecule consists of two kinds of
parts: a glycerol backbone and three fatty
acid tails
Dietary fats are essential to give your body
energy and to support cell growth. They
also help protect your organs and help
keep your body warm.
Sources of fats are avocados, cheese, nuts,
butter and fatty fish.
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Protein
Proteins are built as chains of amino acids,
which then fold into unique three-dimensional
shapes
Protein is essential to building bones ,and body
tissues, such as muscles, but protein does much
more than that. Protein participates in practically
every process of a cell.
Sources of protein are egg, nuts, beans, fish
and yoghurt.
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Vitamins concept
A vitamin is an organic molecule that is an
essential micronutrient which an organism needs
in small quantities for the proper functioning of
its metabolism
They help shore up bones, heal wounds, and
bolster your immune system. They also convert
food into energy, and repair cellular damage
Sources of vitamins are carrots, sweet potatoes,
meat and nuts.
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Minerals
Mineral nutrients are inorganic substances that must be ingested
and absorbed in adequate amounts to satisfy a wide variety of
essential metabolic and/or structural functions in the body.
minerals help your body grow, develop, and stay healthy. The
body uses minerals to perform many different functions — from
building strong bones to transmitting nerve impulses. Some minerals
are even used to make hormones or maintain a normal heartbeat.
Sources of minerals are meat, cereals, fish milk, dairy foods, fruit,
vegetables, and nuts.
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Fiber
Fiber, also known as roughage, is the part of
plant-based foods (grains, fruits, vegetables, nuts,
and beans) that the body can't break down. It
passes through the body undigested, keeping
your digestive system clean and healthy, easing
bowel movements, and flushing cholesterol and
harmful carcinogens out of the body.
Sources of fiber are whole grains, nuts, brown
rice and beans.
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18. Balanced diet
A balanced diet is a diet that contains
differing kinds of foods in certain
quantities and proportions so that the
requirement for calories, proteins, minerals,
vitamins and alternative nutrients is
adequate and a small provision is reserved
for additional nutrients to endure the short
length of leanness