Number of races in the world
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There is one human race, not multiple races. All humans originated in Africa according to mitochondrial DNA evidence. Skin color and other physical traits developed as adaptations to environments as early humans migrated across the world. Differences in traits like skin color are due to variations in melanin levels developed over thousands of years as a response to sun exposure, not evidence of separate races. The concept of dividing humanity into races is incorrect from a scientific perspective.
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The human race origins
1. Early primates evolved adaptations like opposable thumbs and binocular vision to thrive in trees. They divided into prosimians and anthropoids, with the latter including monkeys, apes and humans.
2. The hominid Australopithecus afarensis, including the famous fossil "Lucy", showed evidence of walking upright 3.5 million years ago, even though its brain was chimp-sized.
3. Several hominid species evolved after A. afarensis, with Homo habilis having larger brains and making tools, and Homo erectus spreading across Africa, Asia and Europe around 1.5 million years ago.
Human Race
1. The document outlines Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and traces the development of early human species from 3.75 million years ago to present day according to the fossil evidence. It describes several early hominin species including Australopithecines, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Neanderthals, Homo sapiens, and Cro-Magnon.
2. Key developments in early humans included increasing brain size, bipedalism, tool use, control of fire, burial of the dead, and the spread of Homo sapiens out of Africa to Europe, Asia, and Australia.
3. The document divides current human populations
Human evolution
The document summarizes key aspects of human evolution, including that Homo erectus were early tool users and fire users. It describes hominids as any bipedal, tool-using human species and notes there have been over a dozen hominid species. Lucy, a 3.2 million year old Australopithecus afarensis fossil, provided evidence that early hominids were bipedal. Even older footprints from 3.6 million years ago also showed bipedalism. Anatomically modern humans emerged around 195,000 years ago in Africa and then migrated throughout the world, with evidence suggesting all modern humans descend from a single female in Africa.
Hominids & Skills
Hominids are a group that includes humans and their closest relatives. As the African tropical forest retreated due to the Ice Age, some primates adapted to walking upright on two feet (bipedalism) which allowed them to see further, travel more efficiently, and use their hands. The earliest hominids were called Australopithecines including "Lucy". Later, Homo habilis emerged around 2 million years ago and were the first to make stone tools. Homo erectus also appeared then and were the first to control fire and build more complex tools. Around 100,000 years ago Homo sapiens emerged and migrated out of Africa, developing early signs of culture.
Anthropology (Human Evolution)
This document lists the major species in the human lineage, starting with Sahelanthropus from 7-6 million years ago and continuing through early Homo species like Homo habilis and Homo erectus to later species such as Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis. It traces human evolution from our earliest ancestors to modern humans through over 20 hominin species spanning several million years.
Primates And Human Origins
1) Fossil discoveries have shown that human-like creatures lived hundreds of thousands to millions of years ago, but the exact origins of humans is still unclear.
2) Early hominids such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6.75 million years ago may have been human ancestors or more closely related to other apes.
3) Over millions of years, hominids became more upright, less dependent on trees, developed tools and art, and migrated from Africa to other parts of the world, including Neanderthals who lived in caves.
4) While theories abound, the exact reasons for hominid migrations and developments are unknown.
3. Human Evolution
- The document discusses human evolution from early primates to modern humans. It describes key developments like bipedalism, increasing brain size, use of tools and fire, and cultural evolution.
- Early primates like tarsiers, lemurs, and lorises evolved around 58 million years ago. Monkeys emerged around 35 million years ago and the first hominids around 6 million years ago.
- Adaptations for tree-dwelling included grasping hands and feet, stereoscopic vision, and long limbs. Bipedalism evolved in early hominids like Australopithecus as an adaptation for life on the ground.
4 hominids-human evolution-(i)
Lucy was a partial skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis that lived 3-4 million years ago in Africa. Humans are descended from primates like chimpanzees, as evidenced by genetic differences. The species in the story likely belonged to Homo erectus or Homo habilis, which lived alongside early humans in Africa 1-2 million years ago. Anatomical changes like bipedalism over generations led to diversity in human traits as our species spread across the world. The document traces human evolution from early hominids like Lucy through species like Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis, to modern Homo sapiens.
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The human race origins
1. Early primates evolved adaptations like opposable thumbs and binocular vision to thrive in trees. They divided into prosimians and anthropoids, with the latter including monkeys, apes and humans.
2. The hominid Australopithecus afarensis, including the famous fossil "Lucy", showed evidence of walking upright 3.5 million years ago, even though its brain was chimp-sized.
3. Several hominid species evolved after A. afarensis, with Homo habilis having larger brains and making tools, and Homo erectus spreading across Africa, Asia and Europe around 1.5 million years ago.
Human Race
1. The document outlines Charles Darwin's theory of evolution and traces the development of early human species from 3.75 million years ago to present day according to the fossil evidence. It describes several early hominin species including Australopithecines, Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo heidelbergensis, Neanderthals, Homo sapiens, and Cro-Magnon.
2. Key developments in early humans included increasing brain size, bipedalism, tool use, control of fire, burial of the dead, and the spread of Homo sapiens out of Africa to Europe, Asia, and Australia.
3. The document divides current human populations
Human evolution
The document summarizes key aspects of human evolution, including that Homo erectus were early tool users and fire users. It describes hominids as any bipedal, tool-using human species and notes there have been over a dozen hominid species. Lucy, a 3.2 million year old Australopithecus afarensis fossil, provided evidence that early hominids were bipedal. Even older footprints from 3.6 million years ago also showed bipedalism. Anatomically modern humans emerged around 195,000 years ago in Africa and then migrated throughout the world, with evidence suggesting all modern humans descend from a single female in Africa.
Hominids & Skills
Hominids are a group that includes humans and their closest relatives. As the African tropical forest retreated due to the Ice Age, some primates adapted to walking upright on two feet (bipedalism) which allowed them to see further, travel more efficiently, and use their hands. The earliest hominids were called Australopithecines including "Lucy". Later, Homo habilis emerged around 2 million years ago and were the first to make stone tools. Homo erectus also appeared then and were the first to control fire and build more complex tools. Around 100,000 years ago Homo sapiens emerged and migrated out of Africa, developing early signs of culture.
Anthropology (Human Evolution)
This document lists the major species in the human lineage, starting with Sahelanthropus from 7-6 million years ago and continuing through early Homo species like Homo habilis and Homo erectus to later species such as Homo sapiens and Homo neanderthalensis. It traces human evolution from our earliest ancestors to modern humans through over 20 hominin species spanning several million years.
Primates And Human Origins
1) Fossil discoveries have shown that human-like creatures lived hundreds of thousands to millions of years ago, but the exact origins of humans is still unclear.
2) Early hominids such as Sahelanthropus tchadensis from 6.75 million years ago may have been human ancestors or more closely related to other apes.
3) Over millions of years, hominids became more upright, less dependent on trees, developed tools and art, and migrated from Africa to other parts of the world, including Neanderthals who lived in caves.
4) While theories abound, the exact reasons for hominid migrations and developments are unknown.
3. Human Evolution
- The document discusses human evolution from early primates to modern humans. It describes key developments like bipedalism, increasing brain size, use of tools and fire, and cultural evolution.
- Early primates like tarsiers, lemurs, and lorises evolved around 58 million years ago. Monkeys emerged around 35 million years ago and the first hominids around 6 million years ago.
- Adaptations for tree-dwelling included grasping hands and feet, stereoscopic vision, and long limbs. Bipedalism evolved in early hominids like Australopithecus as an adaptation for life on the ground.
4 hominids-human evolution-(i)
Lucy was a partial skeleton of Australopithecus afarensis that lived 3-4 million years ago in Africa. Humans are descended from primates like chimpanzees, as evidenced by genetic differences. The species in the story likely belonged to Homo erectus or Homo habilis, which lived alongside early humans in Africa 1-2 million years ago. Anatomical changes like bipedalism over generations led to diversity in human traits as our species spread across the world. The document traces human evolution from early hominids like Lucy through species like Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo neanderthalensis, to modern Homo sapiens.
Hominid evolution part
Hominids first appeared between 6-7 million years ago in Africa and have evolved several times as evidenced by fossil records. Key adaptations throughout hominid evolution include bipedal locomotion, increasing brain size, facial structure changes, decreasing jaw and tooth size, opposable thumbs, and tool usage. The earliest known hominid genus is Australopithecus, followed by species like Homo habilis, Homo erectus, Homo sapiens, and Homo neanderthalensis, with modern humans emerging in the last 10,000 years.
The culture of early hominids
Hominids first emerged in East Africa around 4 million years ago, classified in the genus Australopithecus. Later hominids like Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and were the first to use tools. Homo sapiens evolved around 200,000 years ago in Africa and had fully modern human traits, later migrating to Europe and Asia. Theories on modern human origins include a single origin near the East or multiregional evolution in various places.
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2. Homo habilis and Homo erectus are identified as early species of the genus Homo that began walking fully upright and using simple stone tools between 2-1 million years ago.
3. Later species discussed include Homo heidelbergensis, Homo neanderthalensis, and Homo floresiensis. Modern humans, Homo sapiens, are identified as emerging in Africa around 200,000 years ago.
Human biological and cultural evolution 2
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Australopithecus was an early hominin genus that evolved in eastern Africa around 4 million years ago. They stood between 1.2 to 1.4 meters tall and had brains that were about 35% the size of modern humans. Australopithecus was bipedal and ate fruits, vegetables, and tubers. One species of Australopithecus is believed to have evolved into the genus Homo around 2 million years ago in Africa, playing an important role in human evolution.
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This document discusses hominin evolution and classification. It begins by classifying humans as mammals within the kingdom Animalia, phylum Chordata, class Mammalia, and order Primates. It then describes several early hominin species like Australopithecus afarensis and Homo habilis. Key developments discussed include bipedalism, brain growth, and basic tool use. The document also notes the emergence and spread of Homo erectus and later species like Homo neanderthalensis and Homo sapiens.
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Human evolution notes
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- Later species like Homo habilis and Homo erectus had larger brains and used basic stone tools. Homo erectus was the first to leave Africa, spreading across Asia and Europe.
- Neanderthals emerged in Europe around 300,000 years ago and used advanced Mousterian tools made of flint. They buried their dead and may have used language.
- Anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago
Human evolution
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Hominid
Hominids have evolved over time from early groups like Australopithecines to later groups such as Homo Erectus, Homo Neanderthalensis, and early modern Homo Sapiens. Australopithecines lived many years ago and walked on all fours, while Homo Erectus could walk upright but did not know how to control fire. Homo Neanderthalensis was able to walk upright and use tools to hunt animals, and also controlled the use of fire. Many fossils of early modern Homo Sapiens have been found, showing they lived on Earth many years ago. Hominids evolved to have bigger brains and more advanced skills over long periods of time.
Stages of evolution
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The document summarizes the evolution of early humans from 5.6 million years ago to present day. It discusses the earliest human-like creatures known as Australopithecus that emerged around 5.6 million years ago in Africa. Over many generations, these early humans evolved into homo sapiens, learning to make tools, use language and art, and live in family and social groups. The document provides a timeline of key developments in early human evolution and migration across Africa and Europe.
Human biological and cultural evolution
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Hominid evolution part
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From beginng of time
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- Anatomically modern humans, Homo sapiens, evolved in Africa around 200,000 years ago
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Hominids have evolved over time from early groups like Australopithecines to later groups such as Homo Erectus, Homo Neanderthalensis, and early modern Homo Sapiens. Australopithecines lived many years ago and walked on all fours, while Homo Erectus could walk upright but did not know how to control fire. Homo Neanderthalensis was able to walk upright and use tools to hunt animals, and also controlled the use of fire. Many fossils of early modern Homo Sapiens have been found, showing they lived on Earth many years ago. Hominids evolved to have bigger brains and more advanced skills over long periods of time.
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The document outlines the major stages of human evolution from the earliest known hominins to modern humans. It describes 15 different species, noting their time periods on Earth, key physical traits, and in some cases behaviors. The earliest was Orrorin tugenensis from over 6 million years ago, and the last and most recent was Homo sapiens, who emerged around 100,000 years ago and are distinguished by their large brains and lighter bone structure.
From the beginning of time - a story of human evolution
The document summarizes the evolution of early humans from 5.6 million years ago to present day. It discusses the earliest human-like creatures known as Australopithecus that emerged around 5.6 million years ago in Africa. Over many generations, these early humans evolved into homo sapiens, learning to make tools, use language and art, and live in family and social groups. The document provides a timeline of key developments in early human evolution and migration across Africa and Europe.
Human biological and cultural evolution
Human Biological and Cultural Evolution discusses key aspects of human evolution, including our biological capacity for culture. It examines our taxonomy, comparing human and chimp anatomy and brains. Key human adaptations like bipedalism, tool-making abilities, and increased brain size allowed for the development of culture over generations, from Australopithecus to Homo habilis, Homo erectus, and modern Homo sapiens. Understanding our evolutionary history provides context for how and why human culture emerged.
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Dr. Chao profile in Linkedin (May-2016)
Current Occupation:
Full-time faculty, Assistant Professor, Department of Finance and Institute of Financial Management, College of management, Nan Hua University (2013/8/1 ~ Now)
Main research is focused in five main fields,
1. International Diversification and FDI Investment Policy
2. MNE FDI Strategy and Global Strategy
3. Evaluating MNE Investment Strategy and Performance in Emerging Economy
4. International Finance and Investment Policy
5. FDI Investment Risk Management in business and emerging economies
The website linkage
http://isites.nhu.edu.tw/yschao/doc/836
http://www.worldwidebranding.com/MembersOnly/Settings/MyProfile.aspx
http://www.amazon.com/-/e/B00IV30N1E
https://plus.google.com/u/0/112211076070595678650/posts
Despréndete
Este documento resume las estrategias y conclusiones de un proyecto de marketing de redes sociales. Analiza diferentes redes como Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Pinterest y YouTube para determinar su facilidad de conseguir seguidores, nivel de amabilidad y utilidad. También presenta estrategias como deportes, concursos, noticias actuales y tutoriales. Concluye que el contenido debe ser variado e interesante para el segmento objetivo y que no es necesario usar todas las redes, solo las más relevantes.
Edward via college of osteopathic medicine
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- The intern assisted with various community health clinics and screenings organized by VCOM to provide care for uninsured and underserved populations.
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helpaholic - Get Hired Presentation
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Creating healthy effective and resilient organisations - HERO's
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Scholarships power point
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This document provides inspiration and planning for a music video in the indie/alternative rock genre. It lists specific music videos as influences for shot types, filters, and symbolic props. Key artists and location types are mentioned as inspiration. Proposed narrative elements and character descriptions are outlined. Audience research and genre choice are discussed, citing preferences for controversial narratives and accessible locations. The genre is seen as a good fit based on the group's technical and creative skills.
Клуб бухгалтеров НКО: Обзорный семинар 28.01.2015 на ВДНХ
Москва — 28 января 2015 года в рамках выставки «Бухгалтерский учёт и аудит – 2015» состоялся бесплатный семинар «Новое в правовом регулировании, налогообложении и бухгалтерском учёте некоммерческих организаций в 2015 году».
Дополнительная информация http://bclub-ngo.ru/blog/?p=104
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Race class notes
1. The document discusses the concepts of race and racism, explaining that race is a social construct rather than a biological reality, as modern humans have not been isolated long enough to evolve into separate subspecies or races.
2. It explores the history of ideas around race, how the concept developed recently and was used to justify slavery and colonialism. Racist ideas became institutionalized through laws and social policies.
3. While skin color is superficial and says nothing about personality or intelligence, the idea of race was used to rationalize unequal treatment and deny rights to some groups. Racism persists through inequalities baked into social and legal systems.
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Hum evolgen2011 scatterlingsofafrica
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The document discusses and compares the Out of Africa and multiregional theories of human evolution. The Out of Africa theory proposes that Homo sapiens evolved in Africa and migrated throughout the world, replacing other human populations like Neanderthals without interbreeding. Evidence cited includes genetic and fossil evidence showing Neanderthals were a separate species from Homo sapiens. The multiregional theory proposes that Homo erectus spread throughout the world and evolved into modern humans in different regions, with interbreeding between groups. Evidence cited includes skulls in China with mixed traits and similarities between ancient civilizations in different regions. The document expresses a personal opinion that the Out of Africa theory is more strongly supported and realistic.
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Racism is judging or discriminating against someone based on their skin color or ethnicity rather than their character or actions. Both Martin Luther King Jr. and the anthropologist advocate looking past superficial physical differences and judging people as individuals.
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This lecture discusses human diversity and challenges the idea that biological race exists or is a valid way to categorize humans. It explains that while people can be classified based on biological traits like skin color or blood type, these traits do not "cohere" enough between or within populations to define distinct races. The lecture discusses evidence that humans migrated out of Africa along multiple routes starting over 50,000 years ago, and that biological changes in humans have been minor for the past 50,000 years while cultural changes have diversified human groups. The key point is that all living humans have the same innate capacity for developing culture, so human differences are best understood as cultural rather than racial.
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1. The document discusses the concept of human diversity and challenges the idea that diversity can be explained by biological races. It argues that race is a social construct not supported by genetic evidence.
2. All humans share a common ancestry in Africa within the last 200,000 years. While biological traits have diversified slightly over time, this diversity is minor and primarily driven by genetic drift rather than natural selection.
3. Cultural evolution, not biological evolution, has been the main driver of increasing human diversity in the last 50,000 years as modern humans spread across the globe.
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African eve
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Early Man
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Uncommon ancestors
1) Recent genetic evidence shows that all non-Africans have approximately 2.5% Neanderthal ancestry from interbreeding between ancestral modern humans and Neanderthals after modern humans migrated out of Africa.
2) Around 10% of non-Africans have a Neanderthal gene variant related to skeletal and muscular development.
3) Having Neanderthal ancestry does not make some groups inferior to others, as all human populations are closely related despite differences in external appearance.
human evolution.pptx
Human evolution did not occur directly from apes but rather from a common ancestor we shared approximately 6 million years ago. While we share over 90% of our DNA with chimpanzees and gorillas, they are actually distant cousins rather than direct ancestors. Additionally, less than half of the human body, about 43%, is made up of human cells - the rest consists of bacteria, viruses and fungi that make up the microbiome. Finally, while Darwin popularized the theory of evolution, some of his other ideas about differences between racial groups and intelligence have been disproven.
human evolution.pptx
Human evolution did not occur directly from apes but rather from a common ancestor we shared approximately 6 million years ago. While we share over 90% of our DNA with chimpanzees and gorillas, they are actually distant cousins rather than direct ancestors. Additionally, less than half of the human body, about 43%, is made up of human cells - the rest consists of bacteria, viruses and fungi that make up the microbiome. Although Darwin popularized the theory of evolution, some of his ideas about differences between racial groups and intelligence have been disproven.
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Number of races in the world
- 1. How many races in the world? Question please
- 2. I believe there is one per continent In school they talked about four races: white, yellow, black and red. I don´t know how many there are but one is superior… ¡white! Let´s investigate how many races there are And if one is superior to the others
- 3. The answer are in the mitochondria Mitochondria are minute structures described as the “powerhouse of the cell”
- 4. Chromosomes (DNA) are inherited from the mother and father But mitochondrial DNA is only inherited from the mother The egg cell contains relatively few mitochondria, but it is these mitochondria that survive and divide to populate the cells of the adult organism, a pattern known as maternal inheritance.
- 5. From mother To daughter To granddaughter… Mitochondria pass “Every drop of human blood contains a history book written in the language of our genes”
- 6. IF WE REWIND THE HUMAN HISTORY MOVIE We could go back generation to generation, until our origins And we would get to the primary womb, the mother of all human beings that inhabit this world
- 7. According to some theories, all female mitochondria are as if they were interlaced in a large umbilical cord & lead to Africa
- 8. Genetics theory postulates that Africa was the cradle of Humanity 150 thousand years ago in Kenya, Tanzania, Ethiopia the first human beings went forward
- 9. There lived that woman. From her descended the 7 billion that inhabit this world. She wasn´t the first or only mother. But only she had daughters who had daughters who had daughters who had daughters… who survived without interruption until today.
- 10. About 70 thousand years ago a small clan emigrated from Africa. Some traveled west and made it to Europe. Others took the east road. Crossed Asia, climbed up the Siberian steppe… and made it to America.
- 11. Mitochondria help us track the route that the first humans took out of Africa to the rest of the world.
- 12. ¡Wait a minute! According to this theory, if Africa is the cradle Humanity… ¿Does that mean that Eve was black? ¡Exactly! (Except that there are other theories, especially the Bible.)
- 13. ¿And what… our ancestors were black? ¡Exactly! (According to this theory.)
- 14. It´s better to say skin color. Because there is only one race- the human race And then, ¿Where do so many races come from?
- 15. ¡That´s bull! ¿Then why I´m I white? Because your are missing Melanin
- 16. Melanin is the pigment that gives color to the skin. In Africa, with so much sun, skin is dark for protection against ultraviolet rays that produce cancer.
- 17. When our ancestors traveled to cold climates they began losing melanin in order to capture more of the sun´s rays that allowed them to produce vitamin D
- 18. Scientifically speaking a white is a discolored negro The difference between “human races” consist in a little more or a little less melanin
- 19. This doesn´t convince me because in Canada and other cold climate countries live people who are black and they don´t discolor The change in skin color does not happen in one generation, but across thousands of years. Nature always works with patience. My brother from another mother
- 20. Skin color hair curly or straight noses short or long eyes elongated or round are adaptations of the human body to the different environments in which our ancestors have lived. THERE AREN´T DIFFERENT RACES JUST DIFFERENT CLIMATES
- 21. WE HAVE THE SAME BLOOD WE BELONG TO THE SAME FAMILY WE COME FROM THE SAME PLACE
- 22. FIN, i.e. there is only one race, the human race, whether we believe that it started black and turned white, or started white and turned black, and brown. ¡Pass it on!