Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
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Nucleic acid inhibitors work by inhibiting nucleic acid production in bacteria. There are two major classes - DNA inhibitors like quinolones which act on DNA gyrase as a topoisomerase inhibitor, incorporating into DNA to cause breaks. RNA inhibitors like rifampin act on DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Quinolones are a family of synthetic broad-spectrum antibiotics with bactericidal activity. They are classified by generation with later generations having modifications like increased activity and distribution with limited central nervous system penetration. Quinolones kill bacteria by affecting their DNA gyrase. Side effects can include headaches, allergic reactions, fatigue, sleep disorders, vomiting and rashes.
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Disease Control Measures and Microbial Diagnostics
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This document discusses the mechanisms of action of antimicrobial agents. It begins with a brief history of antimicrobial use from ancient times to the modern era. It then covers classifications of antimicrobials and their main mechanisms, which include inhibiting cell wall synthesis, cytoplasmic membrane function, nucleic acid synthesis, and ribosome function. Specific drug classes are discussed for each mechanism, such as penicillins, cephalosporins, and glycopeptides for cell wall inhibitors. The document concludes that understanding antimicrobial mechanisms of action is important for optimal patient care and preventing resistance.
Drug acting on Leprosy, Antileprotic drugs
This document discusses drugs used to treat leprosy (Hansen's disease), which is caused by the bacterium Mycobacterium leprae. It describes several classes of antileprotic drugs, including sulfones like dapsone, phenazine derivatives like clofazimine, and antitubercular drugs like rifampin and ethionamide. For each drug class, it outlines the mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, and other details. Other antibiotics discussed for treating leprosy include ofloxacin, minocycline, clarithromycin, and moxifloxacin.
Antimicrobialagents.pdf
This document discusses quinolones, a class of synthetic antimicrobial compounds. It begins by introducing nalidixic acid, the first quinolone, and describes its mechanism of action by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase. The document then discusses the development of more potent fluoroquinolones in the 1980s, which have additional fluorine substitutions. Various generations of fluoroquinolones are classified based on their chemical structure. The mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, adverse effects, interactions and therapeutic uses of fluoroquinolones are summarized.
6.antibiotics in oral and maxillofacial surgery
This document provides an overview of antibiotics used in oral and maxillofacial surgery. It begins with a brief history of antibiotics and chemotherapy. It then classifies antibiotics based on chemical structure, mechanism of action, spectrum of activity, and type of organism targeted. The document discusses principles for choosing and administering antibiotics, including achieving sufficient concentration at the infection site. It also covers antibiotic resistance, toxicity, and failure of chemotherapy. Finally, the document provides details on common classes of antibiotics like penicillins, cephalosporins, quinolones, macrolides, tetracyclines, and aminoglycosides.
Antibiotics & Analgesic in pediatric dentistry
This document discusses various antibiotics used in pediatric dentistry, including penicillins, cephalosporins, erythromycin, metronidazole, cotrimoxazole, tetracycline, aminoglycosides, and chloramphenicol. It describes the classification, mechanisms of action, uses, and important considerations for each antibiotic class. The document emphasizes the importance of appropriate antibiotic usage and outlines golden rules for prescribing antibiotics such as using narrow spectrum antibiotics when possible and not prolonging therapy unnecessarily.
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Quinolone
Pharmacology of quinolone, mechanism of action of quinolone, pharmacokinetics of quinolone, adverse effects of quinolone, uses of quinolone, contra indications of quinolone.
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Quinolones | drug develoupment | mechanism of action | future
Quinolones | drug develoupment | mechanism of action | future
antimicrobialchemotherapy- Mode of action of antibiotics
antimicrobialchemotherapy- Mode of action of antibiotics
Antibiotic Quinolone history,classification,mechanism of action and adverse e...
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Disease Control Measures and Microbial Diagnostics.pptx
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Nucleic acid synthesis inhibition
- 2. Nucleic acid synthesis Inhibition A nucleic acid inhibitor is a type of antibacterial that acts by inhibiting the production of nucleic acids. There are two major classes: 1.DNA inhibitors : DNA inhibitors such as the quinolones act upon DNA gyrase as a topoisomerase inhibitor.These act by generating metabolites that are incorporated into DNA strands, which then are more prone to breakage. 2. RNA inhibitors : RNA inhibitors such as rifampin, act upon DNA-dependent RNA polymerase.
- 3. Quinones •The quinotones are a family of synthetic. broad-spectrum antibiotic with bactericidal activity •The term quinolone refers to potent synthetic chemotherapeutic antibacterial agent.
- 4. Classification Quinolones (1st generation) • Highly protein bound • Mostly used in UTI Fluoroquinolones (2", 3", 4" generation) • Modified 1" generation quinolones • Not highly protein bound • Wide distribution to urine and other tissues • Limited CSF penetration
- 11. Quinolones • The effect of quinolones is bactericidal • It's narrow spectrum antibiotic and administrated is orally. Side effects: Headache , allergic reactina, orally., fatigu, sleep disorders, vomating,rashes.
- 13. References • Prescott Harley Klein’s Microbiology (7th Edition) • www.wikipedia.com