Nuclear power plants generate electricity through a process called nuclear fission. Fission occurs when certain atoms, such as uranium, are split, releasing heat. This heat is used to boil water and produce steam, which spins turbines that generate electricity. Nuclear reactors contain fuel rods that undergo fission, and the reactors are designed with multiple safety features like thick concrete walls to prevent radiation release. Nuclear power produces relatively low carbon emissions but faces challenges with radioactive waste disposal and risks of accidents.