This document provides information about a presentation on summer training at the NTPC Dadri power plant. It discusses details about NTPC, including that it is India's largest power producer. It also provides specifics about the NTPC Dadri plant, including its total generation capacity of 2637 MW from coal and gas plants. The document then describes the various processes and equipment involved in thermal power generation, including coal handling, boiling, steam generation, power production via turbines and generators, and ash handling.

1. A PRESENTATION ON SUMMER
TRAINING AT – NTPC DADRI
PRESENTED BY- NITISH KUMAR BHATI
EEE- 4TH YEAR
(1129021029)

2. ABOUT NTPC
• NTPC is the largest power generating company in india, was set up
in 1975 to accelerate power development in the country.
• NTPC has installed capacity of (29,394MW).
• NTPC has 15 coal based power stations (23,395MW).
• NTPC has 7 gas based power stations (3,955MW).
• NTPC has 4 power stations in joint ventures (1,794MW).
• Today NTPC contributes more than 3/5th of the total power
generation in india.
• In 1997 , Government of india granted NTPC status of ‘Navratna’.

3. ABOUT NTPC, DADRI
• It has energy generating capacity by –
-coal based thermal plant is 1820 MW .
-gas based thermal plant is 817 MW.
• It has 6 units of coal based thermal plant .
-4 units are of 210 MW & 2 units are of 490 MW
capacity.
• It has 6 units of gas based thermal plant .
-4 units are of 130 MW & 2 units are of 154 MW
• Grand Total capacity is 2637 MW.

4. SOURCES
 COAL SOURCE
- Piparwara mines , Jharkhand
 WATER SOURCE
- Upper Ganga Canal, Mat Branch
 GAS SOURCE
- HBJ Pipe line

5. OPERATION OF
THERMALPOWER PLANT

6. OPERATION MECHANISM
• The coal is brought and crushed to powder. This is feed to boiler for producing
heat .
• In Boiler the water is converted to steam.
•In super heater the moisture content is removed from the steam and that steam is
called super heated steam.
•The superheated steam rotates the shaft of the High pressure turbine.
•The exhausted steam is sent to preheater and the steam then rotates the
intermediate pressure (IP) turbine.
• The steam from the IP Turbine is then feed to low pressure turbine.
•The turbine shaft is connected to the Generator, which produceselectric Power.
•The power generated is then transmitted .

7. MAIN AND AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT
•Coal handling plant
•Pulverizing plant
•Boiler
•Superheater
•Turbine
•Generator
•Condenser
•Cooling tower and pounds
•Feed water heater
•Economizer and Reheater
•Air preheater
•Switchyard
•Ash handling plant

8. COAL HANDLING PLANT
• The function of coal handling plant
is automatic feeding of coal to the
boiler furnace.
• A thermal power plant burns
enormous amounts of coal.
• A 200MW plant may require
around 2000 tons of coal daily
• following are the process of plant-:
1. Unloading process
2. Feeding process
3. Screening process
4. Crushing process
5. Stacking process
6. Reclaiming process
7. Bunkering process

9. BOILER
•A boiler or steam generator is
a closed vessel to which water
under pressure, is converted
into steam.
•It is one of the major
components of a thermal power
plant.
•Always designed to absorb
maximum amount of heat
released in the process of
combustion.

10. SUPER HEATER
•A device which moves last traces
of moisture.
•It helps in reduction in
requirement of steam quantity.
•Steam being dry reduces the
mechanical resistance of turbine.
•No corrosion at the Turbine
blades.

11. TURBINE
•A steam turbine converts heat energy
of steam into mechanical energy and
drives the generator.
• It uses the principle that steam when
issuing from a small opening attains a
high velocity.
•This velocity attained during
expansion depends on the initial and
final heat content of the steam.
•This difference b/w initial and final
heat content represents the heat energy
converted into kinetic energy.
•These are of two types :-
1. Impulse turbine
2. Reaction turbine

12. GENERATOR
•The Synchronus Generator is used to generate power by connecting the
shaft of the Turbine to the shaft of the generator which create the magnetic
flux producing Emf.
•The generated voltage will generally 33 KV to 11 KV max.
• the generated Voltage is stepped up by connecting Step up transformer
and is also used for auxilliary purpose.

13. CONDENSER
• Which condenses the steam at
the exhaust of turbine.
• It creates a very low
pressure at the exhaust of
turbine, this helps in
converting heat energy of
steam into mechanical
energy in the prime mover.
• The condensed steam can
be used as feed water to the
boiler.

14. COOLING TOWER
• Remove heat from the water
discharged from the condenser
so that the water can be
discharged to the river or re
circulated and reused.
• Air can be circulated in the
cooling towers through natural
draft and mechanical draft.

15. SWITCHYARD
•A switchyard is a part of an
electrical generation,
transmission system.
•Switchyard transform voltage
from high to low’ or the reverse,
or perform any of several other
important functions

16. EQUIPMENTS IN SWITCHYARD
•OUTDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. BUS BAR
2. LIGHTENING ARRESTER
3. BREAKER
4. CAPACITIVE VOLTAGE TRANSFORMER
5. EARTHING ROD
6. CURRENT TRANSFORMER
7. POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER
•INDOOR EQUIPMENTS
1. RELAYS
2. CONTROL PANNEL
3. CIRCUIT BREAKERS

17. ASH HANDLING PLANT
•The percentage of ash in coal varies
from 5% in good quality coal to about
40% in poor quality coal Power plants
generally use poor quality of coal .
•thus amount of ash produced by
it is pretty large .
•A modern 2000MW plant produces
about 5000 tons of ash daily.
• The stations use some conveyor
arrangement to carry ash to dump
sites directly or for carrying and
loading it to trucks and wagons
which transport it to the site of
disposal

18. UTILISATION OF SECONDARY
RAW MATERIAL (ASH)
• Construction of embankments and fills
• Construction of road in sub-base
• Manufacture of cement
• Manufacture of bricks/blocks
• Filling as flowable fill material
• Agriculture as soil amendment/source of essential plant
nutrients

19. ADVANTAGES
•The fuel used is quite cheap.
•Less initial cost as compared to other generating plants.
•It can be installed at any place irrespective of the existence
of coal.
•The coal can be easily transported to the site
•It require less space as compared to Hydro power plants.
•Cost of generation is less than that of diesel power plants.

20. DISADVANTAGES
•It pollutes the atmosphere due to production of large amount of
smoke and fumes.
•It is costlier in running cost as compared to Hydro electric
plants.
•Maintenance cost is more.