Hur bra har de nordiska länderna lyckats med energiomställningen? Global Utmaning och tankesmedjenätverket Nordic Climate Network presenterade rapporten "Nordic Climate Policy – a case study on efficient policy measures" på COP 19 i Warszawa under ett seminarium.
Nordic Climate Network består av de nordiska tankesmedjorna Concito, Fores, Zero och Global Utmaning.
World Bioenergy Association initiative to develop fossil fuel exit strategy a...Oleksandra Tryboi
Presentation of the President of World Bioenergy Association Remigijus Lapinskas at the 12th International Conference "BIOMASS FOR ENERGY" on 20 September 2016.
World Bioenergy Association initiative to develop fossil fuel exit strategy a...Oleksandra Tryboi
Presentation of the President of World Bioenergy Association Remigijus Lapinskas at the 12th International Conference "BIOMASS FOR ENERGY" on 20 September 2016.
Carbon markets 101 introduces the market mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol and related initiatives. It helps executives and managers understand emerging business issues around carbon trading, emission reduction projects and carbon monitoring.
Jos Delbeke's presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: An overview of the EU domestic action to combat climate change
This presenation outlines a CO2 trading framework to that tries to address issues with the current Cap and Trade and emissions taxing solutions.
This is acheived by initiating a carbon reserve that is funded by a tax on carbon credits traded, rather than carbon emissions.
The carbon reserve acts as a powerful tool to drive desired policy outcomes.
Lu WU is a consultant working in ARUP's building sustainability team. She has bee with ARUP for over 2 years, and spends most of her time on marketing strategy research, and helping the team to set up carbon related services and business models. Prior to ARUP, she was working on carbon offsetting related projects for more than 4 years. She has developed 18 carbon offset projects, of which 15 projects have been registered at executive board of UNFCCC CDM.
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Paul Drummond, UCLIES / IAQM
Talk Title: Tackling NOx Emissions from diesel cars through tax: Options for the UK
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Negative side“Japan should initiate a Pan-PacificInternational Carbon Trading”
by IKENO Shuma
Japan should initiatea Pan-Pacific Carbon Tax
1. On the model, a carbon tax is superior to a carbon trading.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
3. A carbon tax is familiar to many countries.
Background
Background
A model of a single Polluting Firm.B is government revenue.
A model withTwo Polluting Firm.The shadow square is government revenue.
Both a carbon tax and carbon cap-and-trade
will achieve the same level of increased efficiency by achieving the optimal abatement level at the minimum cost.
Japan’s debt against GDPis over 230%.Japan needs tax revenue.And, payment risk is high.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
World carbon dioxide emissions by fossil fuelis 45.4% in 2005
Fossil Fuel Emissions of the world is increasing.
In Japan, coal-fired power generation is increasing.
Fossil fuels are a major cause of global warming.
↓
“China said this week that the country would implement new taxes designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions”
Japan introduced the petroleum coal tax in 2002 .
Japan should initiatea World-Wide Carbon Tax
1. On the model, a carbon tax is superior to a carbon trading.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
3. A carbon tax is familiar to many countries.
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Alan Andrews, Client EarthIES / IAQM
Talk title: Firghting for the right to clean air
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Case study of workers compensation experience compared to SIC benchmark statistics. Also includes an examination of the NCCI experience mod and its impact on premium.
Carbon markets 101 introduces the market mechanisms under the Kyoto Protocol and related initiatives. It helps executives and managers understand emerging business issues around carbon trading, emission reduction projects and carbon monitoring.
Jos Delbeke's presentation at the Climate Action Conference in Brussels, 25-27 October 2010
Topic: An overview of the EU domestic action to combat climate change
This presenation outlines a CO2 trading framework to that tries to address issues with the current Cap and Trade and emissions taxing solutions.
This is acheived by initiating a carbon reserve that is funded by a tax on carbon credits traded, rather than carbon emissions.
The carbon reserve acts as a powerful tool to drive desired policy outcomes.
Lu WU is a consultant working in ARUP's building sustainability team. She has bee with ARUP for over 2 years, and spends most of her time on marketing strategy research, and helping the team to set up carbon related services and business models. Prior to ARUP, she was working on carbon offsetting related projects for more than 4 years. She has developed 18 carbon offset projects, of which 15 projects have been registered at executive board of UNFCCC CDM.
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Paul Drummond, UCLIES / IAQM
Talk Title: Tackling NOx Emissions from diesel cars through tax: Options for the UK
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Negative side“Japan should initiate a Pan-PacificInternational Carbon Trading”
by IKENO Shuma
Japan should initiatea Pan-Pacific Carbon Tax
1. On the model, a carbon tax is superior to a carbon trading.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
3. A carbon tax is familiar to many countries.
Background
Background
A model of a single Polluting Firm.B is government revenue.
A model withTwo Polluting Firm.The shadow square is government revenue.
Both a carbon tax and carbon cap-and-trade
will achieve the same level of increased efficiency by achieving the optimal abatement level at the minimum cost.
Japan’s debt against GDPis over 230%.Japan needs tax revenue.And, payment risk is high.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
World carbon dioxide emissions by fossil fuelis 45.4% in 2005
Fossil Fuel Emissions of the world is increasing.
In Japan, coal-fired power generation is increasing.
Fossil fuels are a major cause of global warming.
↓
“China said this week that the country would implement new taxes designed to curb greenhouse gas emissions”
Japan introduced the petroleum coal tax in 2002 .
Japan should initiatea World-Wide Carbon Tax
1. On the model, a carbon tax is superior to a carbon trading.
2. A carbon tax can be expected effective.
3. A carbon tax is familiar to many countries.
Routes to Clean Air 2016 - Alan Andrews, Client EarthIES / IAQM
Talk title: Firghting for the right to clean air
Routes to Clean Air is a two-day conference from the IAQM where academics, professionals and policy makers share their experiences of improving traffic emissions.
This event highlights the importance of public communication and behavioural change surrounding road transport and air quality issues.
Case study of workers compensation experience compared to SIC benchmark statistics. Also includes an examination of the NCCI experience mod and its impact on premium.
A presentaion held by Mr Ola Alterå, Senior Advisor to Global Challenge at a meeting with the board of ECF, the European Climate Foundation, in Stockholm on the 24th of September 2013
OECD Green Talks Webinar: Carbon Pricing Trends - Measuring the MomentumOECDtax
Decarbonisation keeps climate change in check and contributes to cleaner air and water. Carbon pricing is a cost-effective means of reducing CO2 emissions, but countries are still not using this tool to its full potential to curb climate change. xperts from the OECD Centre for Tax Policy and Administration presented the key findings from their report on Effective Carbon Rates, which measures pricing of CO2-emissions from energy use in 42 OECD and G20 countries, covering 80% of world emissions, and provided a first appreciation of countries’ progress since 2012.
More than 20 years ago, the EU vowed to fight the newly identified danger of climate change. Over time, it has developed a policy which is two-fold: on one hand, it looks at ways to reduce greenhouse gas emissions inside EU borders and now has 2050 as horizon; on the other hand, it tends to lead by example and to push other big emitters to gather around similar emission reduction objectives.
Pursuing the idea of giving a price to carbon, the EU has put in place an instrument that would lead it towards decarbonisation: the Emissions Trading Scheme (ETS). Launched in 2005, it has today become a complex system which is being reproduced in other parts of the world. The ultimate vision is one of a global carbon market leading to a significant reduction of greenhouse gas emissions and thus mitigating the impact of climate change.
In this session we will look at some of the policy options for tackling climate change with the long term aim of de-carbonisation
In 2015, the earth’s surface temperature was around 0.9 Celsius degrees warmer than the 20th century average
Many economists recommend applying the polluter pays principle and placing a price on carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases. This can be implemented either through a carbon tax (known as a price instrument) or a cap-and-trade scheme (a so-called quantity instrument).
Introduction to the EU Emission Trading SystemLeonardo ENERGY
The EU ETS Directive is the centrepiece of the European Union’s climate policy. It has created the European Union’s Emissions Trading Scheme (EU ETS), which is a unique and quite com-plex system.
The EU ETS establishes a scheme for greenhouse gas emissions allowances trading within 31 European countries. Its functioning is based on a “cap and trade” principle, which sets a cap on the total amount of greenhouse gases that can be emitted by all participating installations. Within the cap, companies receive or buy emission allowances which they can trade with one another as needed.
Today, the EU ETS covers almost half of EU’s emissions and is part of the daily life of a large number of companies.
The EU ETS Directive represents the backbone of EU’s action against climate change, but it also works in combination with several other pieces of legislation in a delicate balance.
Our European system has very much evolved during the last 15 years. The existing legislation operates until 2020. It has set a greenhouse gas emissions reduction target in line with EU’s 2050 low carbon economy roadmap. The time has also come to discuss the post-2020 period and the European Commission will soon put forward a new proposal with a 2030 emissions reduction target.
Being the first one to have been setup, the European scheme is analysed and taken as exam-ple in other regions of the world where emissions trading starts being implemented.
This course aims at giving a presentation of the EU ETS Directive, the main features of the sys-tem, the balance with other pieces of EU legislation and at offering perspectives for the on-coming review of the scheme.
EBRD Seminar on Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy for Finnish private sector at the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of Finland on February 16th 2016, presentation by Ms. Stefania Cruceru
Reducing greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector –Successful nationa...Leonardo ENERGY
A 100-word narrative abstract. Keep short and concise, this text will be used on the registration landing page and the invitation email.
How can countries reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the transport sector? The shift to a future compatible with the targets of the Paris agreement will require effective policies to address this sore spot of climate policy. This webinar will discuss the characteristics of the transport sector and present two successful examples of national transport policy instruments: The Norwegian policy mix to incentivize e-mobility adoption and the French Bonus Malus system. The policy instruments were analysed as part of the project Bridging European and Local Climate Action (BEACON) sponsored by the German Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety (BMU).
Presented by Nicolai Zarganis, Head of Division, Danish Energy Authority, denmark, at the IEA DSM Programme workshop in Copenhagen, Denmark on 19 April 2006.
Nordic Energy ways in Europe – Clean, Competitive and ConnectedGlobal Utmaning
Seminar: NORDIC ENERGY WAYS – WHAT‘S IN IT FOR US?
Monday, 2 June 2014
Anders Olsson, vice CEO E.ON Norden, presented the main conclusions of the report Nordic Energy Ways in Europe. Read the full report here: www.globalutmaning.se/wp-content/uploads/2013/11/Nordic-Energy-Ways-in-Europe1.pdf
Knut Eirik Gustavsen - Electric Vehicles Disrupting the Norwegian GridInnovation Norway
Electric Vehicles Disrupting the Norwegian Grid – New Solutions are Underway Knut Eirik Gustavsen, Partner, Norwegian Centres of Expertise Smart Energy Markets
Mediterranean gas and energy week 2021 - Iman HillIOGP
Iman Hill, Executive Director, IOGP
Presentation for Keynote speech.
19 January 2021
Speech: https://www.iogp.org/blog/news/iman-hill-gives-keynote-speech-at-mediterranean-gas-energy-week-2021/
Cross-border cooperation in the electricity sector - the Nordic exampleGlobal Utmaning
Seminar
NORDIC ENERGY WAYS – WHAT‘S IN IT FOR US?
Monday, 2 June 2014
Arne Mogren, European Climate Foundation, gave a presentation on the history of electricity and Nordic electricity cooperation.
A presentation held by the Swedish Minister for Finance Anders Borg at Global Utmaning's and the Swedish House of Finance's seminar "Combating the Debt Addiction" at the Stockholm School of Economics, Thursday May 22, 2014.
A presentation held by Ph.D. Ulf Dahlsten at Global Utmaning's and the Swedish House of Finance's seminar "Combating the Debt Addiction" at the Stockholm School of Economics, Thursday May 22, 2014.
Challenges with high household debt levels - a Swedish perspectiveGlobal Utmaning
A presentation held by Lord Adair Turner from INET at Global Utmaning's and the Swedish House of Finance's seminar "Combating the Debt Addiction" at the Stockholm School of Economics, Thursday May 22, 2014.
Ed Groark presents State of the World 2014: Governing for sustainabilityGlobal Utmaning
Ed Groark, Chairman of the Worldwatch institute, presented the annual report State of the World, this year themed "Governing for sustainability" at a seminar hosted by Norden i Fokus and Global Utmaning on the 7th of May 2014.
Energiewende - Status of the German Energy reformsGlobal Utmaning
A presentation given in Stockholm, March 20th 2014, by Dr. Ralf Bartels, Industriegewerkschaft Bergbau, Chemie, Energie
Head of Department Energy Reforms / Sustainability
at Global Challenge's and E.ON's seminar "A Nordic Energiewende?"
Search and Society: Reimagining Information Access for Radical FuturesBhaskar Mitra
The field of Information retrieval (IR) is currently undergoing a transformative shift, at least partly due to the emerging applications of generative AI to information access. In this talk, we will deliberate on the sociotechnical implications of generative AI for information access. We will argue that there is both a critical necessity and an exciting opportunity for the IR community to re-center our research agendas on societal needs while dismantling the artificial separation between the work on fairness, accountability, transparency, and ethics in IR and the rest of IR research. Instead of adopting a reactionary strategy of trying to mitigate potential social harms from emerging technologies, the community should aim to proactively set the research agenda for the kinds of systems we should build inspired by diverse explicitly stated sociotechnical imaginaries. The sociotechnical imaginaries that underpin the design and development of information access technologies needs to be explicitly articulated, and we need to develop theories of change in context of these diverse perspectives. Our guiding future imaginaries must be informed by other academic fields, such as democratic theory and critical theory, and should be co-developed with social science scholars, legal scholars, civil rights and social justice activists, and artists, among others.
"Impact of front-end architecture on development cost", Viktor TurskyiFwdays
I have heard many times that architecture is not important for the front-end. Also, many times I have seen how developers implement features on the front-end just following the standard rules for a framework and think that this is enough to successfully launch the project, and then the project fails. How to prevent this and what approach to choose? I have launched dozens of complex projects and during the talk we will analyze which approaches have worked for me and which have not.
Let's dive deeper into the world of ODC! Ricardo Alves (OutSystems) will join us to tell all about the new Data Fabric. After that, Sezen de Bruijn (OutSystems) will get into the details on how to best design a sturdy architecture within ODC.
DevOps and Testing slides at DASA ConnectKari Kakkonen
My and Rik Marselis slides at 30.5.2024 DASA Connect conference. We discuss about what is testing, then what is agile testing and finally what is Testing in DevOps. Finally we had lovely workshop with the participants trying to find out different ways to think about quality and testing in different parts of the DevOps infinity loop.
Essentials of Automations: Optimizing FME Workflows with ParametersSafe Software
Are you looking to streamline your workflows and boost your projects’ efficiency? Do you find yourself searching for ways to add flexibility and control over your FME workflows? If so, you’re in the right place.
Join us for an insightful dive into the world of FME parameters, a critical element in optimizing workflow efficiency. This webinar marks the beginning of our three-part “Essentials of Automation” series. This first webinar is designed to equip you with the knowledge and skills to utilize parameters effectively: enhancing the flexibility, maintainability, and user control of your FME projects.
Here’s what you’ll gain:
- Essentials of FME Parameters: Understand the pivotal role of parameters, including Reader/Writer, Transformer, User, and FME Flow categories. Discover how they are the key to unlocking automation and optimization within your workflows.
- Practical Applications in FME Form: Delve into key user parameter types including choice, connections, and file URLs. Allow users to control how a workflow runs, making your workflows more reusable. Learn to import values and deliver the best user experience for your workflows while enhancing accuracy.
- Optimization Strategies in FME Flow: Explore the creation and strategic deployment of parameters in FME Flow, including the use of deployment and geometry parameters, to maximize workflow efficiency.
- Pro Tips for Success: Gain insights on parameterizing connections and leveraging new features like Conditional Visibility for clarity and simplicity.
We’ll wrap up with a glimpse into future webinars, followed by a Q&A session to address your specific questions surrounding this topic.
Don’t miss this opportunity to elevate your FME expertise and drive your projects to new heights of efficiency.
UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series, part 4DianaGray10
Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
The UiPath Test Manager overview with SAP heatmap webinar offers a concise yet comprehensive exploration of the role of a Test Manager within SAP environments, coupled with the utilization of heatmaps for effective testing strategies.
Participants will gain insights into the responsibilities, challenges, and best practices associated with test management in SAP projects. Additionally, the webinar delves into the significance of heatmaps as a visual aid for identifying testing priorities, areas of risk, and resource allocation within SAP landscapes. Through this session, attendees can expect to enhance their understanding of test management principles while learning practical approaches to optimize testing processes in SAP environments using heatmap visualization techniques
What will you get from this session?
1. Insights into SAP testing best practices
2. Heatmap utilization for testing
3. Optimization of testing processes
4. Demo
Topics covered:
Execution from the test manager
Orchestrator execution result
Defect reporting
SAP heatmap example with demo
Speaker:
Deepak Rai, Automation Practice Lead, Boundaryless Group and UiPath MVP
GraphRAG is All You need? LLM & Knowledge GraphGuy Korland
Guy Korland, CEO and Co-founder of FalkorDB, will review two articles on the integration of language models with knowledge graphs.
1. Unifying Large Language Models and Knowledge Graphs: A Roadmap.
https://arxiv.org/abs/2306.08302
2. Microsoft Research's GraphRAG paper and a review paper on various uses of knowledge graphs:
https://www.microsoft.com/en-us/research/blog/graphrag-unlocking-llm-discovery-on-narrative-private-data/
Kubernetes & AI - Beauty and the Beast !?! @KCD Istanbul 2024Tobias Schneck
As AI technology is pushing into IT I was wondering myself, as an “infrastructure container kubernetes guy”, how get this fancy AI technology get managed from an infrastructure operational view? Is it possible to apply our lovely cloud native principals as well? What benefit’s both technologies could bring to each other?
Let me take this questions and provide you a short journey through existing deployment models and use cases for AI software. On practical examples, we discuss what cloud/on-premise strategy we may need for applying it to our own infrastructure to get it to work from an enterprise perspective. I want to give an overview about infrastructure requirements and technologies, what could be beneficial or limiting your AI use cases in an enterprise environment. An interactive Demo will give you some insides, what approaches I got already working for real.
GDG Cloud Southlake #33: Boule & Rebala: Effective AppSec in SDLC using Deplo...James Anderson
Effective Application Security in Software Delivery lifecycle using Deployment Firewall and DBOM
The modern software delivery process (or the CI/CD process) includes many tools, distributed teams, open-source code, and cloud platforms. Constant focus on speed to release software to market, along with the traditional slow and manual security checks has caused gaps in continuous security as an important piece in the software supply chain. Today organizations feel more susceptible to external and internal cyber threats due to the vast attack surface in their applications supply chain and the lack of end-to-end governance and risk management.
The software team must secure its software delivery process to avoid vulnerability and security breaches. This needs to be achieved with existing tool chains and without extensive rework of the delivery processes. This talk will present strategies and techniques for providing visibility into the true risk of the existing vulnerabilities, preventing the introduction of security issues in the software, resolving vulnerabilities in production environments quickly, and capturing the deployment bill of materials (DBOM).
Speakers:
Bob Boule
Robert Boule is a technology enthusiast with PASSION for technology and making things work along with a knack for helping others understand how things work. He comes with around 20 years of solution engineering experience in application security, software continuous delivery, and SaaS platforms. He is known for his dynamic presentations in CI/CD and application security integrated in software delivery lifecycle.
Gopinath Rebala
Gopinath Rebala is the CTO of OpsMx, where he has overall responsibility for the machine learning and data processing architectures for Secure Software Delivery. Gopi also has a strong connection with our customers, leading design and architecture for strategic implementations. Gopi is a frequent speaker and well-known leader in continuous delivery and integrating security into software delivery.
Epistemic Interaction - tuning interfaces to provide information for AI supportAlan Dix
Paper presented at SYNERGY workshop at AVI 2024, Genoa, Italy. 3rd June 2024
https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
FIDO Alliance Osaka Seminar: Passkeys and the Road Ahead.pdf
Nordic Climate Policy –a case study on effective measures and policies
1. COP19SIDEEVENT
REDUCING EMISSIONS AND GROWING THE ECONOMY –THE NORDIC WAY
- Green growth the Nordic Way
Anna Gran, Coordinator, Nordic Council of Ministers’ Climate and Air
Pollution Working Group
- Open Climate Network
Taryn Fransen, Project Director for Open Climate Network –
World Resources Institute
- Nordic Climate Policy – a case study on efficient policy measures
Susanne Krawack, Chief consultant – Concito
Ola Alterå, Senior Adviser – Global Utmaning
Camilla Skriung, Policy advisor – Zero
Jakop Dalunde, Programme director – Fores
- IEA’s Nordic Energy Technology Perspectives – A carbon-neutral
energy system by 2050
Benjamin Donald Smith, Senior Advisor - Nordic Energy Research
- Panel discussion and interventions from the audience
2. Nordic Climate policy –
a case study on effective measures and policies
A population of about 25 million
A GPD of about USD 1 trillion
3. Two parts:
GHG mitigation in the Nordic Region –
according to OCN – the policy landscape
Four cases of successful GHG mitigation from
Nordic countries
4. Reduction af fossil CO2 by 9% between
1990 and 2011, 25% including LULUCF
Tons CO2e per Capita
a. Nordic CO2e Emissions
Tons CO2e per
million USD
14
600
12
500
10
400
8
300
6
200
4
2
100
0
0
Nordic CO2e Emissions per Capita
Nordic CO2e Emissions per GDP
5. Energy mix in electricity supply
Nordic countries
9.6%
0.3%
Biomass and waste
7.1%
Wind
3.2%
6.4%
1.0%
19.9%
Natural Gas
Geothermal
Hydro
Oil
0.7%
Nuclear
51.7%
Solar
Coal
6. Energy mix in the total energy consumption
Oil
Gas
2%
Coal
32%
30%
Nuclear
11%
15%
10%
Renewables (including
biofuels)
Others
7. Reduction commitments
2020 compared to 1990:
Sweden 40% non ETS
Finland 16% non ETS
Norway 30% both ETS and non ETS
Denmark 40% % both ETS and non ETS
8. Type of policies:
Policies to utilize renewable resources
Energy and carbon taxes
Cooperation between industry, R&D and government
Local governments active role
Building codes
Focus on energy efficiency
9. More than GHG mitigation:
Jobcreation
Export
Attract international
companies
Why?
Innovative industry - cluster
Favourable and long term framework
Support by feed in tarrifs
Support for R&D
14. District Heating –utilizing resources that
otherwise would have been lost
• Combined heat and power
producion
• Waste heat from industries
• Municipal waste incineration
• Geothermal energy
• Lower quality bioenergy
• Solar heat
15. District Heating in Sweden
– and the Nordics
• About 60 TWh of heat production
• Present in every community with more than 10,000
inhabitants
• About 50% of heating market - dominating in city
centres
–
–
–
–
Denmark 60%
Finland 50%
Iceland 90% - geothermal
Norway < 5%
17. How could it be done?
• Local governance, planning and cooperation
• General price incentives – energy and later carbon tax
• Non regulated market stimulating competition and
innovation – mostly by community owned companies
19. Zero emission cars in Norway
• Norway, one of the smallest car marketsin Europe, has
become a very large zero emission car market. How did
thishappen?
20. Zero emission cars in Norway
Annualsales of zero
emissioncarsin Norway
2009-2013
Sales of zero emissioncars
in Norway in 2013
All time high record of 9 % (rechargeable cars) of new cars
sales was passed in September 2013.
21. Zero emission cars in Norway
Norwegian zero emission car sales in comparison with other
European countries:
The share of electric cars of new cars in Norway is at world
record level, more than 4 times greater than in the second
country on the list in Western Europe.
22. Zero emission cars in Norway
• How did this happen?
• The main success factors have been:
• Sufficient financial incentives at the time of
purchase
• Increased convenience/time saving
• Charging infrastructure
• Long-term predictable policy
23. Zero emission cars in Norway
• Norwegian zero emission car incentives:
• 1) Exemptions:
Registration fee exemption
Value added on purchase
Public parking fee exemption
Road toll exemption
Reduced tax on electric company cars
Road usage tax exemption
• 2) Free charging infrastructure
• 3) Permission to use lanes reserved for public
transportation
24. Zero emission cars in Norway
• 4) Considerably lower annual fees
• 5) Public charging spots
• 6) Hydrogen filling stations
• 7) Transnova
• 8) Public procurement
• 9) Free ferry transport
26. Case: Reducing emissions from the
Swedish transport sector
Jakop Dalunde
Programme director, FORES
27. Background
● Ambition to reduce non-EU ETS overall
emissions with 40 percent by
2020, compared to 1990 emissions.
● This means a reduction of approximately
20 million tons Carbon dioxide
equivalents.
● Transports make up two thirds of
emissions in the non-trading sector
29. Cars down, trucks up
● A closer look at the numbers show that
emissions from cars down with about 10
per cent
● Emissions from heavy duty transport
continue to increase, except from a dip in
2009.
● Total increase from trucks since 1990 is
over 34 per cent
30. Cars down, trucks up
● A closer look at the numbers show that
emissions from cars down with about 10
per cent
● Emissions from heavy duty transport
continue to increase, except from a dip in
2009.
● Total increase from trucks since 1990 is
over 34 per cent
31. Cars down, trucks up
Greenhouse gas emissions from road transportation
32. Policy: The carbon tax
● The decision taken by the Swedish
parliament in 1990, came into force 1
January 1991.
● Began at 0.25 SEK/kg, currenty the
carbon tax is 1.08 SEK/kg Co2.
● Combined with lowered income
tax, Pigovian perspective
33. Policy: The carbon tax
● Two kinds of incentives: more expensive
to drive fossil-vehicles and substitution
effect, increased demand for renewably
energy and alternative transportations.
● Elestacity - higher cost does not equal
lower emissions.
34. Policy: Other measures
● Exemption from the energy and carbon
dioxide tax for all bio-fuelled
transportations - corresponding to a tax
relief of about 5 Swedish kronor per litre
of petrol.
● Pump station law
35. Policy: Other measures
● Support for research and demonstrations
of bio-fuels - in 2009 a three-year support
of 875 million Swedish kronor was
granted
● Bonus for buying greener cars. Future
bonus/malus system.
36. Evalutation
Carbon dioxide emissions for newly registered cars, gram CO2/km
190
180
Total
Petrol
170
Diesel
160
Gas
150
Ethanol
140
EU average
130
120
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
37. Evaluation
● Given the large number of actions, it is
hard to evaluate each separate policy.
● However, likely the combination of
policies were key.
● Emissions lowered by 7% since
introduction of carbon tax
38. Conclusion
● The carbon tax likely amajor contributing
cause of lowering emissions from the
transport sector
● Emissions likely would have increased
without it, since traffic is still growing.
● Effect likely been much stronger
combined with other measures