Nondestructive Testing (NDT) is a wide-ranging gathering of test and inspection processes used to distinguish surface and sub-surface deformities or irregularities in sample tests, without influencing the future working presentation of the assessed parts.

1. Why Use
Non-
Destructive
Testing?

2. Here are the top reasons non-destructive testing is used by numerous companies throughout the world:
Savings
The most certain answer to this question is that non-destructive testing is more tempting than destructive testing because it
permits the material or object being inspected to survive the examination unharmed, hence saving money and resources.
Safety
NDT is also appealing because almost all Non-Destructive Techniques (except radiographic testing) are bland to people.
Efficiency
NDT procedure permits for a thorough and relatively instantaneous evaluation of assets, which can be essential for ensuring
continued safety and performance on a job site
Accuracy
NDT methods have been proven precise and expectable, both qualities you want when it comes to conservation procedures
meant to make sure the safety of personnel and the durability of the equipment.
NDT is essential for a well-run facility. NDT techniques and repeatable results depend on highly trained technicians with
experience and integrity. Industrial non-destructive methods and clarification of results are performed by proficient
professionals. Not only is the technician required to be certified in a particular NDT method, but they also require to know
how to operate the equipment being used to gather data. Understanding equipment capabilities and limitations are the
alterations amidst making an accept or reject determination.

3. Eight Most Common NDT Methods
There are several techniques used in non-destructive testing for
the collection of several types of data, each requiring its own sort
of tools, preparation, and training.
Some of these techniques might permit for a comprehensive
volumetric examination of an object, while others only allow a
surface examination. In the same way, some non-destructive
testing procedures will have varying degrees of success
depending on the sort of material they are used on, and some
techniques -such as Magnetic Particle NDT, for example- will only
work on specific materials (i.e., those that can be magnetized).
In a similar way, some NDT methods will have varying degrees of
success depending on the type of material they’re used on, and
some techniques—such as Magnetic Particle NDT, for example—
will only work on specific materials (i.e., those that can be
magnetized).
Here are the eight most commonly used NDT techniques:

4. VISUAL TESTING (VT)
Visual Non Destructive testing lab is the performance of gathering
graphic data on the grade of a factual. Visual Testing is a vital
way to examine a physical or object without changing it in any
way.
Visual Testing can be done with the naked eye, by an examiner
graphically reviewing material or asset. For indoor Visual Testing,
expert inspectors use flashlights to add depth to the object being
inspected. Visual Testing can also be done with a Remote Visual
Inspection tool, like a camera. To get a camera in place, non-
destructive inspectors may use a drone or robot, or may simply
hang it from a rope.
ULTRASONIC TESTING (UT)
Ultrasonic non-destructive testing is the process of transmitting high-
frequency sound waves into a physical in order to identify
changes in the component’s or material’s possessions.
Generally, Ultrasonic Testing uses sound waves to detect flaws
or deficiencies on the surface of the material created.
One of the most shared Ultrasonic Testing methods in the pulse-
echo. With this technique, examiners introduce sounds into the
material and measure the echoes (or sound reflections)
produced by limitations on the surface of the material as they
are returned to a receiver.

5. Here are some other types of
Ultrasonic Testing:
Phased Array Ultrasonic
Testing (PAUT)
Automated Ultrasonic
Testing (AUT)
Time-Of-Flight Diffraction
(TOFD)
1 2 3

6. RADIOGRAPHY TESTING (RT)
Radiography NDT is the procedure of using gamma- or X-radiation on
materials to recognise flaws.
RT directs radiation from a radioactive isotope or an X-ray generator
through the component being tested and onto a film or some other
kind of sensor. The readings from the detector create a
shadowgraph, which discloses the fundamental features of the
examined material.
RT can discover features of a physical that can be hard to sense with the
naked eye, such as changes to its density.
EDDY CURRENT (ELECTROMAGNETIC) TESTING (ET)
Eddy Current Non destructive testing is a sort of electromagnetic testing
that uses measurements of the power of electrical currents (also
called eddy currents) in a magnetic field near a physical in order to
make purposes about the material, which may include the
locations of flaws.
To bear Eddy Current Testing, examiners inspect the movement of eddy
currents in the magnetic field adjacent to a conductive material to
recognise pauses caused by flaws or failures in the component.

7. MAGNETIC PARTICLE TESTING (MT)
Magnetic Particle NDT is the procedure of classifying deficiencies in a
component or material by inspecting disturbances in the
movement of the magnetic field surrounded by the material.
In order to use MT, examiners first persuade a magnetic field in a
material that is highly susceptible to magnetization. After
prompting the attractive field, the surface of the material is then
enclosed with iron particles, which reveal commotions in the
movement of the magnetic field. These disturbances create visual
needles for the locations of flaws within the component or
material.
ACOUSTIC EMISSION TESTING (AE)
Acoustic Emission NDT is the procedure of using acoustic releases to
classify possible defects and failures in a material.
Examiners conducting AE are probing materials for eruptions of audio
energy, also called acoustic emissions, which are produced by flaws
in the material. Intensity, location, and arrival time can be
inspected to disclose data about possible flaws within the
component or material.

8. LIQUID PENETRANT TESTING (PT)
Liquid Penetrant NDT refers to the course of using a liquid to cover a
substance and then looking for disruptions in the liquid to classify
deficiencies in the component or material.
LEAK TESTING (LT)
Leak NDT mentions the procedure of learning escapes in a vessel or
construction in order to recognise imperfections in it.
Examiners can identify leakages within a vessel using dimensions taken
with a pressure gauge, soap-bubble tests, or electronic listening
devices, among others.
Where Is Non-Destructive Testing Used?
Depending on how broadly you define nondestructive testing
you could say that it’s used in almost every manufacturing unit in the
world, subsequently, visual inspections (whether formalized or
casual) take place in almost every workshop in some form or other.
That being said, there are particular organisations that require non-
destructive testing and have dignified processes for its use, as
organised by those companies we listed above like API and ASME.

9. The primary industries include:
01 02 03 04
05
Oil & Gas
06 07
Power Generation Chemicals Mining
Aerospace Automotive Maritime

10. Want to Speak to Our Team?
Some of the Non-Destructive Testing Methods are as follows:
Rebound Hammer Test
Conducting a rebound hammer test as per IS 13311(Part-2), ASTM C 805. The rebound hammer test shall be
conducted at all those points where the UPV test has been performed. One point consisting of six readings
spread over an area of 1 sq. shall be considered as 1 test.
Ultra-Sonic Pulse Velocity Test
Conducting Ultra-Sonic Pulse velocity (UPV) test at selected locations on the RCC members of the Structures
covered under the study by making 300 mm x300mm c/c grids to know about the homogeneity and
quality of concrete. The test is performed as per the IS 13311 (Part-1) / ASTM C 597.
Core Extraction and Testing
Extracting the concrete core samples of minimum 65 mm diameter and 100-150 mm length (approx.) from a
selected location forms RCC members of the structures covered under the study and evaluation of the
properties in the laboratory from the core sample selected. IS 456:2000; IS 516:1959; IS 1199:2002; ASTM
C-42.

11. Half–Cell / Surface Potential Test
Measuring the half-cell /surface potential at the selected location on RCC members of the structures covered
under the study will help in understanding the extent of reinforcement corrosion as per ASTM C 876.
Ferro Scanning Test
At a selected location on the RCC members of the structures covered under the study see the adequacy of
concrete cover to rebars and the effect of carbonation.
Carbonation Test
Measurement of carbonation depth by phenolphthalein spray test at the selected location on RCC members of
the structures covered under the study is used to see the depth of carbonation.
Moisture Test by Moisture Meter
Moisture profile of concrete with respect to depth.
Chemical Analysis
Chemical analysis of chlorides, Sulfates, pH, alkali-silica, etc on concrete powder collected from the structures,
covered under the study, by drilling to understand the chemical deterioration/degradation of concrete and
its effect on reinforcement corrosion.

12. Contact Our Team
What are the types of non-destructive testing?
 Here are the eight most-used NDT techniques:
 Visual Testing (VT) …
 Ultrasonic Testing (UT) …
 Radiography Testing (RT) …
 Eddy Current (Electromagnetic) Testing (ET) …
 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT) …
 Acoustic Emission Testing (AE) …
 Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT) …
 Leak Testing (LT)
What is a non-destructive testing technician?
NDT Technicians, also known as non-destructive testing technicians, perform
tests and provide information about the condition of components and
materials without destroying them.

13. What is the difference between destructive and non-destructive testing?
Destructive testing destroys or alters the part so that even if it passes the test, it is no longer fit for service,
whereas Non-destructive testing doesn’t eliminate or adjusts the part is still fit for use if it clears all the tests.
What is the most frequently used non-destructive test?
 Ultrasonic Testing (UT),
 Radiographic Testing (RT),
 Electromagnetic Testing (ET),
 Magnetic Particle Testing (MT),
 Liquid Penetrant Testing (PT),
 Visual Testing (VT), are the six most frequently used non-destructive tests.
How do you get into non-destructive testing?
Potential inspectors require a high school diploma or GED certification at the lever where the job will place them,
and a background in engineering or related procedures will get into non-destructive testing.
Is NDT dangerous?
Though NDT testing does not possess hazardous to testing personnel, however, it does involve potentially
harmful exposures to ultraviolet radiation, ionizing radiation, or X-rays.

14. THANKS
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