NLC- WEEK 4-COMETS_ASTEROIDS_AND METEORS.ppt.pptx
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Comets are loose collections of ice, dust, and rock that have highly elliptical orbits around the Sun. When close to the Sun, the ice sublimates and forms an atmosphere (coma) around the solid nucleus. Pressure from the solar wind causes the coma to form two tails - gas and dust. Most comets originate from the Kuiper Belt or distant Oort Cloud. Asteroids are smaller rocky objects that orbit between Mars and Jupiter. When meteoroids from asteroids and comets enter the atmosphere, they glow from friction and are known as meteors. Those that survive entry and hit the surface are called meteorites.
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Small-Bodies-Asteroids-and-Comets-and-Meteors.pptx
What is Earth and space science about?
Earth and space science (ESS) connects systems
Earth and space science explores the interconnections between the land, ocean, atmosphere, and life of our planet. These include the cycles of water, carbon, rock, and other materials that continuously shape, influence, and sustain Earth and its inhabitants.
ESS also explores the cyclical interactions between the Earth system and the Sun and Moon.
ESS explores how New Zealand has been shaped by its location
New Zealand straddles the boundary between two major tectonic plates. ESS scientists – and students who study ESS – investigate how this precarious location has impacted (and continues to impact) on New Zealand’s geology and landforms, sometimes in dramatic ways.
ESS investigates the major ocean currents that flow past New Zealand and the impact these and other factors have on our weather and climate.
ESS explores the solar system and beyond
Planet Earth is dynamically linked with the solar system and the wider universe. ESS investigates the structure and composition of these systems and develops understanding of the vast distances and times involved.
What is the Nature of Science strand about?
Why study Earth and space science?
Key concepts: Earth and space science
What is biology | physics | chemistry about?
Interpreting the Nature of Science in an ESS context
Understanding about science
Students learn how understanding of the Earth system, the solar system, the universe, and the interactions between them has developed over time. For example, how:
Wegener and other scientists came to understand that the surface of the earth is broken into tectonic plates that move and interact at their boundaries
Pluto was discovered in 1930 because of disturbances in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune and became the ninth planet, only to be declared a dwarf planet in 2006 after the discovery of Kuiper Belt objects of similar sizes
technologies such as space telescopes and probes have facilitated a build-up of knowledge and understanding about planets, moons, and the rest of the universe
attempts by humans to travel in space have been influenced by the politics of the day
satellites that can measure such factors as the temperature of the surface of the ocean make it possible to build computer models that can be used to accurately monitor changes in the Earth system
the cumulative work of many scientific teams has led to such breakthroughs as understanding the mechanisms of climate change and ocean acidification.
Investigating in science
Students investigate aspects of the Earth system, the solar system and the universe. For example:
Investigating the exchange of carbon dioxide between the ocean and atmosphere by undertaking practical investigations and processing and interpreting secondary data.
Investigating the Sun, Moon and Earth cycles by exploring and developing different models.
Small-Bodies-Asteroids-and-Comets-and-Meteors.pptx
useful student materials reference for basic education. Asteroids, comets, and meteors are chunks of rock, ice, and metal left over from the formation of our solar system 4.6 billion years ago. They are a lot like a fossil record of our early solar system. There are about 1.3 million known asteroids, and more than 3,800 known comets. If we take a complete inventory of the entire contents of the Solar System, we find that there are many small, rocky bodies ranging in size from similar to grains of sand up to the size of small moons or comets. The smallest rocky objects that are found in space are referred to as meteoroids. There are three different classifications of meteoroids, depending on how they are observed:
Meteoroid: A chunk of rock orbiting the Sun inside the Solar System.
Meteor: When a meteoroid encounters the Earth's atmosphere, it interacts with the gases in the atmosphere and all or most of it gets vaporized. The streak of light that we see as the rock penetrates the atmosphere is called a meteor, which many people refer to as "a shooting star."
Meteorite: If some of the material that makes up a meteoroid survives the trip through the atmosphere and is found on Earth, we refer to the remnant as a meteorite. If you want help identifying candidate meteorites you can see the following page:
University of New Mexico: How to Identify a Meteorite(link is external)
There are many meteorites that have been recovered on Earth. We find that there are several types of meteorites that can be separated based on their composition. Some meteorites are almost entirely made up of iron and nickel. These chunks of metal are very easy to find when they land on the Earth because they are so dense and are essentially chunks of metal. There are also stone and stony-iron mix meteorites that land on the Earth (these are more common), but since they appear to the untrained eye more like the naturally occurring rocks on the Earth, without extensive testing they are more difficult to identify as meteorites. During its mission, the Mars Rover Opportunity discovered an iron meteorite on Mars. It just happened to be lying on the planet's surface right near where the Rover's heat shield landed after the spacecraft jettisoned it. This is an iron meteorite, making it stand out among the other rocks the Rover has studied intensively during its trip around the surface of Mars.
Asteroids - Comets - Meteoroids
Asteroids, comets, and meteoroids are small rocky or icy bodies that orbit the sun. Thousands of asteroids orbit in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are remnants of early planet formation. Comets are composed of ice and dust and have highly elliptical orbits, forming tails as they near the sun due to heating. When meteoroids enter Earth's atmosphere, they burn up and are seen as meteors or shooting stars. Those that survive are called meteorites and sometimes leave impact craters. Analysis of meteorites provides clues about early solar system formation and even the origin of life.
Comets (Project in Science)
This is all about comets. Their parts, their origin, and this also have The Top 10 Famous Comets. This also have the definition of the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud. Have a Blast!!!
Astonishing Astronomy 101 – Chapters 14 and 15
This document summarizes information about the solar system and beyond. It discusses the reclassification of Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006 based on its size and inability to clear its orbital neighborhood. It also describes the discovery of new moons around Pluto in 2005 and 2006. The document discusses other large trans-Neptunian objects like Eris, Sedna, and Quaoar. It provides information on comets, asteroids, meteoroids, and meteorites. It discusses theories on the origin of comets from the Oort cloud and Kuiper belt and describes comet tails and nucleus. The document summarizes crater formation from meteorite impacts and mass extinction events. It also discusses finding exoplanets using the radial velocity
Planets & other objects in solar system
1) The protoplanet hypothesis explains the formation of solar systems with three steps - a cloud of dust and gas begins swirling, most material accumulates to form the sun, and remaining material forms smaller clumps that become planets.
2) The sun is over 100 times wider than Earth, could fit 1 million Earths inside if hollow, has a surface of 5500°C and a core of over 15 million °C. It gives off charged particles called solar wind that flows at around 400 km/s, protecting Earth with its magnetic field.
3) The planets are divided into inner, terrestrial planets like Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars that are smaller, rockier and closer to the sun,
Comets
Comets originate far from the Sun and have highly elliptical orbits that bring them close to the Sun periodically. A comet is composed of dust and frozen gases like water, carbon dioxide and methane. When a comet approaches the Sun, its frozen gases heat and vaporize, forming an atmosphere around the comet's icy nucleus and two distinct tails - a curved dust tail and a straight ion tail that can be as long as Earth's orbit. Recent missions like Rosetta have provided images of bizarrely shaped comet nuclei and clues about their young, evolving surfaces from emitted jets and circular pits.
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Small-Bodies-Asteroids-and-Comets-and-Meteors.pptx
What is Earth and space science about?
Earth and space science (ESS) connects systems
Earth and space science explores the interconnections between the land, ocean, atmosphere, and life of our planet. These include the cycles of water, carbon, rock, and other materials that continuously shape, influence, and sustain Earth and its inhabitants.
ESS also explores the cyclical interactions between the Earth system and the Sun and Moon.
ESS explores how New Zealand has been shaped by its location
New Zealand straddles the boundary between two major tectonic plates. ESS scientists – and students who study ESS – investigate how this precarious location has impacted (and continues to impact) on New Zealand’s geology and landforms, sometimes in dramatic ways.
ESS investigates the major ocean currents that flow past New Zealand and the impact these and other factors have on our weather and climate.
ESS explores the solar system and beyond
Planet Earth is dynamically linked with the solar system and the wider universe. ESS investigates the structure and composition of these systems and develops understanding of the vast distances and times involved.
What is the Nature of Science strand about?
Why study Earth and space science?
Key concepts: Earth and space science
What is biology | physics | chemistry about?
Interpreting the Nature of Science in an ESS context
Understanding about science
Students learn how understanding of the Earth system, the solar system, the universe, and the interactions between them has developed over time. For example, how:
Wegener and other scientists came to understand that the surface of the earth is broken into tectonic plates that move and interact at their boundaries
Pluto was discovered in 1930 because of disturbances in the orbits of Uranus and Neptune and became the ninth planet, only to be declared a dwarf planet in 2006 after the discovery of Kuiper Belt objects of similar sizes
technologies such as space telescopes and probes have facilitated a build-up of knowledge and understanding about planets, moons, and the rest of the universe
attempts by humans to travel in space have been influenced by the politics of the day
satellites that can measure such factors as the temperature of the surface of the ocean make it possible to build computer models that can be used to accurately monitor changes in the Earth system
the cumulative work of many scientific teams has led to such breakthroughs as understanding the mechanisms of climate change and ocean acidification.
Investigating in science
Students investigate aspects of the Earth system, the solar system and the universe. For example:
Investigating the exchange of carbon dioxide between the ocean and atmosphere by undertaking practical investigations and processing and interpreting secondary data.
Investigating the Sun, Moon and Earth cycles by exploring and developing different models.
Small-Bodies-Asteroids-and-Comets-and-Meteors.pptx
useful student materials reference for basic education. Asteroids, comets, and meteors are chunks of rock, ice, and metal left over from the formation of our solar system 4.6 billion years ago. They are a lot like a fossil record of our early solar system. There are about 1.3 million known asteroids, and more than 3,800 known comets. If we take a complete inventory of the entire contents of the Solar System, we find that there are many small, rocky bodies ranging in size from similar to grains of sand up to the size of small moons or comets. The smallest rocky objects that are found in space are referred to as meteoroids. There are three different classifications of meteoroids, depending on how they are observed:
Meteoroid: A chunk of rock orbiting the Sun inside the Solar System.
Meteor: When a meteoroid encounters the Earth's atmosphere, it interacts with the gases in the atmosphere and all or most of it gets vaporized. The streak of light that we see as the rock penetrates the atmosphere is called a meteor, which many people refer to as "a shooting star."
Meteorite: If some of the material that makes up a meteoroid survives the trip through the atmosphere and is found on Earth, we refer to the remnant as a meteorite. If you want help identifying candidate meteorites you can see the following page:
University of New Mexico: How to Identify a Meteorite(link is external)
There are many meteorites that have been recovered on Earth. We find that there are several types of meteorites that can be separated based on their composition. Some meteorites are almost entirely made up of iron and nickel. These chunks of metal are very easy to find when they land on the Earth because they are so dense and are essentially chunks of metal. There are also stone and stony-iron mix meteorites that land on the Earth (these are more common), but since they appear to the untrained eye more like the naturally occurring rocks on the Earth, without extensive testing they are more difficult to identify as meteorites. During its mission, the Mars Rover Opportunity discovered an iron meteorite on Mars. It just happened to be lying on the planet's surface right near where the Rover's heat shield landed after the spacecraft jettisoned it. This is an iron meteorite, making it stand out among the other rocks the Rover has studied intensively during its trip around the surface of Mars.
Asteroids - Comets - Meteoroids
Asteroids, comets, and meteoroids are small rocky or icy bodies that orbit the sun. Thousands of asteroids orbit in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Asteroids are remnants of early planet formation. Comets are composed of ice and dust and have highly elliptical orbits, forming tails as they near the sun due to heating. When meteoroids enter Earth's atmosphere, they burn up and are seen as meteors or shooting stars. Those that survive are called meteorites and sometimes leave impact craters. Analysis of meteorites provides clues about early solar system formation and even the origin of life.
Comets (Project in Science)
This is all about comets. Their parts, their origin, and this also have The Top 10 Famous Comets. This also have the definition of the Kuiper Belt and the Oort Cloud. Have a Blast!!!
Astonishing Astronomy 101 – Chapters 14 and 15
This document summarizes information about the solar system and beyond. It discusses the reclassification of Pluto as a dwarf planet in 2006 based on its size and inability to clear its orbital neighborhood. It also describes the discovery of new moons around Pluto in 2005 and 2006. The document discusses other large trans-Neptunian objects like Eris, Sedna, and Quaoar. It provides information on comets, asteroids, meteoroids, and meteorites. It discusses theories on the origin of comets from the Oort cloud and Kuiper belt and describes comet tails and nucleus. The document summarizes crater formation from meteorite impacts and mass extinction events. It also discusses finding exoplanets using the radial velocity
Planets & other objects in solar system
1) The protoplanet hypothesis explains the formation of solar systems with three steps - a cloud of dust and gas begins swirling, most material accumulates to form the sun, and remaining material forms smaller clumps that become planets.
2) The sun is over 100 times wider than Earth, could fit 1 million Earths inside if hollow, has a surface of 5500°C and a core of over 15 million °C. It gives off charged particles called solar wind that flows at around 400 km/s, protecting Earth with its magnetic field.
3) The planets are divided into inner, terrestrial planets like Mercury, Venus, Earth and Mars that are smaller, rockier and closer to the sun,
Comets
Comets originate far from the Sun and have highly elliptical orbits that bring them close to the Sun periodically. A comet is composed of dust and frozen gases like water, carbon dioxide and methane. When a comet approaches the Sun, its frozen gases heat and vaporize, forming an atmosphere around the comet's icy nucleus and two distinct tails - a curved dust tail and a straight ion tail that can be as long as Earth's orbit. Recent missions like Rosetta have provided images of bizarrely shaped comet nuclei and clues about their young, evolving surfaces from emitted jets and circular pits.
Other members of the solar system
The document provides information about various objects in our solar system including asteroids, meteoroids, meteors, meteorites, comets, and the sun. It describes their composition, size, orbits, and how they interact with Earth's atmosphere in some cases. Key points are:
- Asteroids orbit between Mars and Jupiter and range in size from small rocks to objects 750km in diameter.
- Meteoroids are smaller than asteroids and become meteors when entering Earth's atmosphere, creating streaks of light. If they survive entry they are called meteorites.
- Comets have icy nuclei and tails made of vaporized gases. They orbit the sun in elliptical paths and are most visible when close to
G8_Q3 Comets-Asteroids-Meteoroids (1).ppt
The bright streak of light we see when a meteoroid enters our atmosphere is caused by frictional heating as the meteoroid speeds through the gases of our atmosphere. The correct answer is c.
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The document summarizes key facts about our solar system including:
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- Terrestrial planets like Earth are rocky while Jovian planets like Jupiter are gaseous.
- Asteroids, meteoroids and comets originate from leftover material that did not form planets.
- The nebular hypothesis and condensation theory explain how the solar system formed from a large cloud or disk of dust and gas over billions of years.
Earth science
Comets are icy, dusty celestial objects that orbit the sun in elongated orbits. Edmond Halley recognized that comets are part of the solar system. Comets can follow one of three orbits: returning to the outer solar system, entering a new eccentric orbit, or disintegrating close to the sun. Comets have several distinct parts including the nucleus, coma, dust and plasma tails. Asteroids are small rocky bodies that range in size from 1 km to 1000 km. Ceres is the largest asteroid. Meteoroids enter Earth's atmosphere and become visible as meteors, also known as shooting stars. Their remains are called meteorites. Stars are giant balls of flaming gas that appear in constellations and galaxies
G8-Science-Q2-Week-6-Compare-and-contrast-comets-meteors-and-asteroids-pptx.pptx
The document discusses comets, asteroids, and meteors. It describes comets as icy dirtballs that originate in the outer solar system and develop tails as they warm near the sun. Their tails can stretch for millions of kilometers and are made of dust or ionized gas. Asteroids are rocky fragments left over from the formation of the solar system and most orbit between Mars and Jupiter. Meteors are small rocky particles from asteroids and comets that burn up in Earth's atmosphere, and meteorites are meteors that survive atmospheric entry.
Solar system PPT
The document summarizes the key components of the solar system. It describes the terrestrial and Jovian planets, asteroids, meteoroids, and comets. It also outlines theories for how the solar system formed from an initial nebula of dust and gas, including how planets condensed from this nebula via accumulation of dust particles and subsequent collisions of planetesimals over hundreds of millions of years.
Other members of solar system
Comets, asteroids, meteoroids, and meteorites are different types of small solar system bodies. Comets are icy bodies that develop tails as they heat up when passing near the sun. Asteroids orbit the sun and most reside in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter. Meteoroids are smaller objects that enter the earth's atmosphere and are called meteors when burning up in the sky. Those that survive entry and hit the ground are meteorites.
COMETS.pptx
A powerpoint presentation on comets. A comet is an icy, small Solar System body that, when passing close to the Sun, warms and begins to release gases, a process that is called outgassing. This produces a visible atmosphere or coma, and sometimes also a tail.
Solar System Facts Powerpoint
The Solar System formed approximately 4.6 billion years ago from the collapse of a giant molecular cloud. It consists mainly of the Sun and eight planets that orbit it. The four inner terrestrial planets are composed of rock and metal, while the four outer gas giants are substantially larger and composed of hydrogen, helium, and ices. Other objects in the Solar System include dwarf planets, moons, asteroids, and comets. The Sun contains over 99% of the mass in the entire system.
Features of the Sun.
The document provides information about the sun and solar system. It describes the key layers of the sun's atmosphere, including the photosphere, chromosphere, and corona. It also classifies and compares the eight planets based on their size, composition, distance from the sun, rotation, and other characteristics. Additionally, it discusses asteroids, comets, and meteors, noting that asteroids reside in the belt between Mars and Jupiter, while comets have elliptical orbits and meteors appear as streaks of light in the night sky.
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Comets, asteroids & meteors
Comets and asteroids are remnants from the formation of the solar system. Comets originate from the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud and are icy bodies, while asteroids originate from the Main Asteroid Belt and are rocky fragments. Both have irregular shapes and sizes ranging from 1-100 km. Comets have highly elliptical orbits with periods of 75 years to millions of years, while asteroids have more rounded orbits with periods of 1-100 years. When a meteoroid from space enters the atmosphere, it becomes a meteor or "shooting star"; any fragments that reach the ground are called meteorites.
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The document discusses comets and provides key information about their composition, structure, and orbits. It notes that comets are mostly made up of ice and dust, forming tails when close to the sun. Comets can have either long or short orbital periods, with long-period comets originating from the distant Oort Cloud and short-period comets from the Kuiper Belt beyond Neptune. The nucleus and coma are identified as the main parts of a comet. Famous comets mentioned include Halley's Comet and Comets Hale-Bopp and Hyakutake.
26. Stellar Objects Notes
Saturn has the most prominent rings composed of small rocks and ice. Jupiter, Uranus, and Neptune also have smaller rings. Asteroids orbit the sun and are mostly located between Mars and Jupiter. They range in size from dust to the dwarf planet Ceres. Asteroids are classified by their composition of carbon, silicates, or iron and nickel. Comets are small icy bodies that follow highly elliptical orbits and develop tails when close to the sun due to sublimating ice being pushed by solar winds. They are composed of an icy nucleus, dust and gas coma, and an elongated tail.
SCI8-Q2-W17-L-HEAVENLY BODIES 2.pptx
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Solar system
The Solar System consists of one star (the Sun), 8 planets that orbit it, over 100 moons, and various smaller objects like asteroids and comets. Planet sizes are determined by measuring their angular sizes and using geometry and known distances. Terrestrial planets like Earth are small and rocky, while Jovian planets like Jupiter are large and gaseous. The formation of the Solar System began from a large cloud of gas and dust that collapsed due to gravity and spun to form a disk, within which planets formed from condensation of dust particles and grew through collisions over millions of years.
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Comets, asteroids, and meteors originate from leftover materials from the formation of the solar system. Comets come from the Kuiper Belt and Oort Cloud and have icy cores and dust tails. Asteroids reside in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter and are composed of rock. Meteoroids are broken pieces of comets or asteroids that burn up as meteors when entering Earth's atmosphere, occasionally surviving as meteorites. They differ in size, composition, and origin, but are all natural space objects orbiting the sun.
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26. Stellar Objects Notes
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NLC- WEEK 4-COMETS_ASTEROIDS_AND METEORS.ppt.pptx
- 3. COMETS • Comets are loose collections of ice, dust, or rock particles whose orbits are usually very long, narrow ellipses. You can think of a comet as a “dirty snowball.”
- 4. The comet’s head… • When a comet gets close enough to the sun, the energy in the sunlight turns the ice into gas, releasing gas and dust. Clouds of gas and dust form a fuzzy outer layer called a coma. A comet’s coma has a solid inner core called a nucleus. The nucleus and coma (the comet’s head) is the brightest part of a comet.
- 5. The comet’s tail… • As a comet approaches the sun and heats up, some of the gas and dust stream outward, forming a tail. The name “comet” means “long haired star” in Greek. Most comets have two tails, a gas tail and a dust tail. Both tails usually point away from the sun due to the force of solar wind from the sun. A comet’s tail can be more than 100 million kilometers long.
- 7. The origin’s of comets… • Most comets are found in one of two distant regions of the solar system- the Kuiper belt and the Oort cloud.
- 8. • The Kuiper belt is a doughnut shaped region that extends from beyond Neptune’s orbit to about 100 times Earth’s distance from the sun.
- 9. • The Oort cloud is a spherical region of comets that surrounds the solar system out to more than 1000 times the distance between Pluto and the sun.
- 10. Asteroids… • Asteroids are rocky objects in space that are too small and numerous to be considered real planets. Most asteroids revolve around the sun between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter. This region of the solar system is called the asteroid belt.
- 12. Meteoroids… • A meteoroid is a chunk of rock or dust in space. Meteoroids come from comets or asteroids. Some form when asteroids collide in space; others form when a comet breaks up and creates a cloud of dust that continues to move across the solar system.
- 13. Meteors… • When a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere, friction with the air creates heat and produces a streak of light in the sky- a meteor.
- 15. Meteorites… • If the meteoroid is large enough, it may not burn up completely. Meteoroids that pass through the atmosphere and hit Earth’s surface are called meteorites.