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Next generation tech trend for global critical communication standard

The document discusses the development trends of international standards for emergency communication technologies, focusing on the growth of 3GPP and its role in establishing standards for critical communications. It highlights the collaboration between 3GPP and the critical communication industry to adapt LTE for public safety applications while maintaining backward compatibility. Various work items and studies in areas like group communication systems, proximity-based services, and public safety enhancements are also detailed.

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緊急通訊技術國際標準發展趨勢 (Next Generation Tech Trend for Global Critical Communication Standard) Institute for Information Industry Speaker: Yi-Hsueh Tsai 2013/10/04
Biographies • Mr. Yi-Hsueh Tsai received the B. S. degree in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University of Science and Technology in 1998 and the M. S. and Ph.D degrees in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University in 2000 and 2005. • He started working in IEEE 802.16 standardization in 2006 and received “Certificates of Appreciation for contributing to IEEE Std 802.16j-2009” in July 2009. He started working in 3GPP standardization in 2011. • He is currently a senior engineer in Institute for Information Industry and involved in wireless standards development in both WiMAX and LTE.
Outlines 1. Introduction of 3GPP 2. 3GPP Release schedule 3. Standards for critical communications 4. 3GPP public safety work items 5. 3GPP standards availability 6. Work beyond 3GPP 7. Conclusion
The role of 3GPP • GSM, GPRS, W-CDMA, UMTS, EDGE, HSPA and LTE are all RAN Technologies specified by 3GPP • Core network and Systems architecture evolution have kept pace • Backward compatibility is a key element of each new 3GPP Release 4 The 3GPP Organizational Partners are Regional and National Standards Bodies; Companies participate through their membership of one of these 6 Partners Source: 3GPP
How does 3GPP work? • 4 Technical Specification Groups (TSG) which control their Working Groups (WGs) • TSGs meet 4 times/year, WGs in 1 or 2 times (for 1 week) between TSGs • WGs have up to 350 participants & handle up to 1300 Technical Documents per week • results are TSG approved Change Requests (CR) to modify Technical Specifications Source: 3GPP Project Co-ordination Group TSG Radio Access Network TSG Core Network TSG Terminals TSG Service and System Aspects 3GPP internal structure TSG GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network Technical Specifications
Scope of 3GPP TSG Source: 3GPP & NEC eNB SGW E-UTRAN PDG MME
Typical 3GPP work flow A WID leads to the creation/update of a TS, a 3GPP deliverable containing normative provisions A SID leads to the creation of a TR, a 3GPP deliverable containing only informative elements Source: 3GPP SA1 Chair
1999 Release 99 Release 4 Release 5 Release 6 LCR TDD HSDPA W-CDMA HSUPA, MBMS Release 7 HSPA+ (MIMO, etc.) Release 8 LTE Release 9 Release 10 LTE enhancements Release 12 ITU-R M.1457 IMT-2000 Recommendation ITU-R M.2012 [IMT.RSPEC] IMT-Advanced Recommendation 3GPP Release schedule & RAN features LTE-Advanced 3GPP work is structured in releases (REL) of 1-3 years duration each release consists of several work items (WI) and study items (SI) even if a REL is completed corrections are possible later existing features of one REL can be enhanced in a future REL Further LTE enhancements 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 ??? Release 11 3GPP aligned to ITU-R IMT process 3GPP Releases evolve to meet: • Future Requirements for IMT • Future operator and end-user requirements only main RAN WI listed now 2015 Source: 3GPP & ITU
3GPP Release 12 roadmap Source: 3GPP SA Chair 2013 2014 20152012 Later Phase Enhancements … Release 12 Implementations Available? Signaling Freeze June Requirements Freeze (Postpone from March for Public Safety Work) June Architecture Freeze Dec. Requirements Architecture Protocols Bug fixing
Standards for critical communications • Standards used for commercial cellular and critical communications have historically been separate • New interest today in adapting LTE for critical communication and public safety applications • 3GPP is working in collaboration with the critical communication industry to deliver standards Public Warning System (EMTEL & 3GPP) Digital Mobile Radio (ERM TG DMR) Non-voice Communication (3GPP & EMTEL) Maritime Distress and Safety System (ERM TG26) TETRA (TETRA)Priority use of public network (3GPP) Satellite emergency communication (SES SatEC) eCall (ESG & 3GPP) Mobile broadband system (MESA & RRS WG4) Enhanced caller location (E2NA, EMTEL, MSG, BRAN & CABLE) Public Safety Source: ETSI
Standard for wide range of users An open standard where the focus is on meeting the critical communications needs of public safety and security agencies and an increasingly wide range of other market sectors. Government Oil & Gas Transport & logistics Utilities Commercial & Industrial Manufacturing
Direct Mode for Critical Communication Direct Mode is direct communication between two or more terminals without the use of a network infrastructure. Types of Direct Mode equipment DMO DMO DMO Repeater DM-MS Direct Mode capable Terminal Control Centre Network DMO TMO Gateway DM-REP Direct Mode Repeater DM-GATE Direct Mode Gateway Source: TETRA
Direct Mode for Critical Communication • Direct Mode provides a complementary service to Trunked Mode operation • Utilization of DMO Gateways and Repeaters provides: – Network extension capabilities – Predictability of coverage for working practices – Workflow Management – Location and management of DMO users from network Control Centers – Fallback scenarios, when base station sites fail • DMO must be classed as an essential service in Public Safety, Transportation and Utility networks
Commitment and 3GPP Cooperation Requirements & Technical Input LTE Enhancements • Preserve strengths of LTE while also adding features needed for public safety • Maximize the technical commonality between commercial and public safety aspects National Public Safety Telecommunications Council Spectrum and US$7bn funding for LTE-based national US public safety network at 700MHz Started standards process in 3GPP Tetra + Critical Communications Association Committed to LTE for broadband critical communication systems Cellular Industry Source: 3GPP SA Chair
Use of a commercial wireless carrier LTE provides numerous benefits that make it attractive for partnerships between jurisdictions, and between public and private organizations. Experts predict there will be more partnerships as more public safety agencies begin moving forward with deployments. Financial benefits as shown in right figure, it is dramatically more cost-effective to build a network as part of a public- private partnership rather than on a standalone basis. Source: Bell Labs -10%
Use of a commercial wireless carrier In the US, it is expected that FirstNet will select an Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) provider to handle the connectivity between the NPSBN and the various commercial networks with whom NPBSN creates roaming agreements. When roaming onto commercial networks, it may be desirable to route certain traffic, such as Internet traffic, locally in the commercial LTE network. Source: NPSTC NPBSN Commercial LTE
Public Safety Requirements and Standards • Public safety imposes unique requirements that cannot all be satisfied with LTE standards that are available today. An example of such a requirement is Mission Critical Voice, which includes Push to Talk (PTT), off-network operation, and a variety of related functions. LTE Standards LTE Product from OEM Commercial LTE Network • As LTE standards continue to evolve, and organizations such as FirstNet participate in the 3GPP standards processes to drive desired capabilities, more of the public safety requirements can be satisfied with products based on these standards. e.g. certain priority & QoS feature e.g. eMBMS e.g. mission critical voice Source: NPSTC
3GPP public safety work items Work Item 3GPP Release Work Item Document Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety (FS_REOPS) 13 SP-130240 Proximity-based Services Specification (ProSe) 12 SP-130030 RP-122009 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE (GCSE_LTE) 12 SP-130326 Public Safety Broadband High Power User Equipment for Band 14 for Region 2 11 RP-120362 Source: 3GPP
Proximity-based Service – D2D WLAN D2D WAN + WLAN D2D D2D multicast (groupcast) D2D link Pico cell D2D link Pico cell WAN D2D Source: 3GPP & Intel
Use cases for Proximity-based Service Restricted discovery describes a basic scenario for ProSe discovery. Mary’s UE John’s UE Peter’s UE Proximity Open discovery describes a case in which an UE discover another UE without permission by the discoverable UE. Advertisement Interactive discovery
Use cases for Proximity-based Service 3GPP D2D Initial Focus Within network coverage Outside network coverage Discovery Non public safety & public safety requirements Public safety only Direct Communication At least public safety requirements Public safety only eNBs LTE R12 GRRAN/UTRAN pre-R12 LTE In network coverage Out of network coverage Partial network coverage Communication type: – Unicast – Groupcast – Broadcast – UE relay Source: 3GPP & Qualcomm
Proximity-based Services Allow devices in close proximity to communicate directly 1. Reduce network load 2. Increase capacity in given bandwidth 3. Allow communication in areas without network coverage Network Cell Site Current LTE Communication Path Network Cell Site Direct Discovery Communication Locally Routed UE Relay Cell Site Network Assisted Discovery
Key Components for Public Safety (B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication out of coverage (D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication in E-UTRAN coverage – NPSBN Users may be outside of the range of the fixed network, such as first responders in a rural area assisting in a response to a plane crash or police officers inside a residence responding to a domestic issue. – Off-network voice communications must be immediately accessible to users in the absence of the NPSBN. (H) UE to NW Relay (I) Service Continuity (F) ProSe-assisted WLAN Direct (ext1) RAN support (ext2) SA3 specification (D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Comm., in coverage (C) Direct 1:1 E-UTRA Comm., in coverage (E) ProSe Comm Path via eNB (A) Direct 1:1 E-UTRA Comm., out of coverage (B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Comm., out of coverage (G) UE to UE Relay (H) UE to NW Relay – We use this often to extend vehicle- based coverage footprint to handheld devices, e.g., to guarantee availability when responding to life-critical incidents within a building. – Also key to public safety, we would like this to be included in R12 if a solution can be found that does not add too much complexity to the rest of the work. Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC
Tentative 3GPP roadmap for ProSe Source: 3GPP & NEC 2013 2014 20152012 2016+ SA1 Feasibility Stage1 SA2/3 Feasib Stage2 SA/CT Stage3 RAN Feasibility RAN Stage3 Stage1 Stage2 RAN Stage3 SA/CT Stage3 ProSe work in RAN1 is too big to fit in current Rel12 timescales. RAN2 work partly depending on RAN1 progress CT work not well identified yet, need stable stage 2 first Release 12 Release 14 Release 13 Some requirements and features will most likely be delayed to Release 13. It is very unlikely that Release 12 will be extended.
• When users leave a vehicle, hand portable coverage may not be predictable: – Operating in built up areas – Roaming into public buildings (shopping centers etc.) – Operating near large metallic structures – Operating in a rural environment • Switching into DMO provides some predictable guidelines to follow for coverage planning • Using a Repeater will allow coverage area to be extended • Using a Gateway will allow hand portable operation in DMO, whilst still enabling communications with trunked mode users. TETRA Network TMO SDS Gateway Applications for Public Safety PEI SDS Source: TETRA
Applications for Public Safety • Using DMO in this way can be useful for: • Police officers when operating on foot after leaving a vehicle • Fire crews using the appliance as a gateway or repeater on the fire ground • Ambulance Crews leaving the vehicle to attend to patients No Network Coverage TETRA NetworkGateway • Transportation users when parked in depots use Gateway for communications to Trunked mode users Source: TETRA
Applications for Public Safety • Location of Remote Users: Manage Resource in DMO • Users out of coverage of the network can report their current position to either their vehicle or to an operator via TMO and to their vehicle • Alarm indications can report the position of the originator TETRA Network TMO SDS PEI SDSGatewa y Position Report Position Report Gateway DMO User Underground Bunker TETRA Infrastructure • Large buildings such as power stations, storage buildings and metallic structured buildings may have no TMO coverage • A Gateway, can be used to allow DMO communications within the building, and a link to TMO users Outside of the building Source: TETRA
Group Communication System Enablers • Enable efficient group communication 1. Dynamic groups with mobile users and dispatchers 2. Support for floor control (e.g. push to talk) 3. Large groups (perhaps up to 5000) 4. Low latency to add users, obtain channels • Group call application is separate from the 3GPP system enablers 1. Application layer: group management, floor control decisions, legacy interoperability 2. LTE layer: mobility, service continuity, radio efficiency 3. Joint: performance, service interaction Group Call application sever Cell Site Dispatcher Group Call Enabled LTE Network Group Members UE Relay G.C. Network Application 3GPP LTE Network Layers Network API G.C. Network Application 3GPP LTE Network Layers Network API
Key Components for Public Safety (A) Group Management – Any aspects of this required to make core functionality work. (B) Group Communications (F) Service Continuity – Service will not be usable without this. (H) Resource Efficiency – Planned or unplanned major incidents may require group communications within a very large group in a small geographic area - requires good radio resource efficiency. (E) User Interaction – Some aspects only; related to performance, immediate updating of group membership, all members receiving transmissions at the same time. (A) Group Management (B) Group Comm (TX,RX) (H) Resource Efficiency (I) Roaming Scenarios (J) High Availability (C) Geographic Scope (ext2) RAN support (ext3) SA3 specification (ext1) SA2/ ProSe support (F) Service Continuity (G) UE to NW Relay (D) Floor Control (E) User Interaction ? (K) Inter- working (L) UE-AS Open Interface Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC
Fall-back Operation for Public Safety Mobile Coverage Handportable Coverage Gateway DMO User
EU FP7 Project - ABSOLUTE • Flexible and Resilient Public Safety and Disaster Recovery System and prototype components • Cognitive and Context Aware communications and network management solutions for public safety communications • System level simulator for hybrid Aerial- Terrestrial-Satellite Systems • Demonstration and pilot field trials validating the concepts
ABSOLUTE’s Demonstrations Field test trials To assess system performances To test key functionalities Final demonstration To demonstrate to stake holders and to end users the ABSOLUTE concept
Isolated E-UTRAN can be formed following: 1. An Outage event within the infrastructure network 2. Deployment of Mobile Command Posts (MCPs) Isolated E-UTRAN Operation • 1 or more eNB(s) • Transport connection between eNBs • Backhaul • Local EPC functions at eNB • Restoration of coverage for the group of eNBs • Security between UE and eNB • Security between eNBs • Offer similar services seen prior to • Outage event Isolated E-UTRAN Outage in the Infrastructure Network Mobile Command Post
Release 12 draft standards and schedule WG Document Title Date SA1 TR 22.803 Study on Proximity-based Services 2011/09~2013/01 SA1 TS 22.115 TS 22.278 Service aspects; Charging and billing Service requirements for the Evolved Packet System (EPS) 2012/12~2013/06 SA2 TR 23.703 Study on architecture enhancements to support Proximity Services 2012/12~2013/09 SA3 TR 33.8xy Study on security issues to support Proximity Services 2013/03~2014/03 RAN1 RAN2 TR 36.843 Feasibility Study on LTE Device to Device Proximity Services - Radio Aspects 2012/12~2014/03 SA1 TS 22.468 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2012/06~2013/12 SA2 TR 23.768 Study on architecture enhancements to support Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2013/02~2013/09 WG Document Title Date SA1 TR 22.897 Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety 2013/07~2014/06 Release 13 draft standards and schedule 3GPP standards availability Source: 3GPP
Work beyond 3GPP • Standards are one element in enabling a market – 3GPP will deliver LTE enhancements for public safety in Rel-12 • Relationship between 3GPP and other SDOs • Potential users need to also consider – Legacy coexistence and migration strategies • Interworking requirement need to be carefully considered • Extension of PTT application with P25/TETRA to the LTE network – Spectrum (ITU) • World Radio Conference - 2015 (WRC-15) is currently under preparation – Working Party 5A: allocations for PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) – Working Party 5D: WRC-15 agenda point 1.2 (organization of 700 MHz band) – Regulation • The „Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012‟ directs FirstNet to establish a single nationwide public safety broadband network. – Handset and infrastructure ecosystem – Application designs
Developing internet protocol specs ITU-R/T Developing Mobile application specs Organisational Partners Referring to 3GPP specs (contributed by individual members) Partners of 3GPP Referring to 3GPP specs for the local specs Referring to specs Cross reference of specs Developing Wireless LAN/MAN specs Requirements Input specs JapanEU Korea China North America MRP Developing Recommendations Terminal Certification Terminal certification based on 3GPP specs Cross reference of specs Relationship between 3GPP and other SDOs Source: 3GPP
Legacy coexistence and migration strategies • The legacy coexistence is for the LTE network to interwork with P25/TETRA voice and low data-rate services such as short message. Source: TCCA & Alcatel-Lucent • This interworking enables interoperability and also provides the necessary migration path from P25/TETRA with an LTE overlay to a mission-critical LTE network running all mission critical services. TETRA, TETRAPOL, etc. PMR/LMR networks Non Mission Critical data (commercial LTE) Mission Critical Data (Private LTE) Mission Critical Voice (Private LTE) Single sign-on services (security) Communications services - including PMR/LMR applications Subscriber & group management, group calls, etc. Cloud - based Applications including Control Room Applications 1 2 3 4 TIME / STAGE Mission Critical voice services Until LTE readiness & maturity Upgrade Learn Build Migrate Strategic: requires spectrum for private LTE Using commercial 3G/4G carriers
BB system introduction and coexistence Source: Cassidian The application is focused on coexistence between Narrowband PMR systems and Broadband PMR systems. Narrowband systems for voice communications and low data rate communications: (1)TETRA, (2) TETRAPOL, (3) APCO 25 These systems are using 10 to 25 kHz bandwidths. For high data rate communications, LTE is the system that is targeted to be used for future PMR Broadband. Bandwidths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHZ, 10Mhz are considered.
ITU-R Study Group Meetings: Working Party 5D WRC SGs & SC CPM RRRec RofP Radiocommunication Bureau Director RRB Final Acts ITU Member States (including Regional Groups, Informal Group) Revisions to RR, Resolutions & Questions, Recommendations Reports Technical bases RA RRB: Radio Regulations Board SGs: Radio-communication Study Groups SC: Special Committee (Regulation & Proc.) RA: Radio-communication Assembly WRC: World Radio- communication Conference DeploymentProduct R&DStandardResearch and Technology Trials 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 WRC-2012 WRC-2015 WRC-2019 5G Source: ITU & Huawei
Public Safety Regulation for US The „Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012‟ directs First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet), a new entity within NTIA, to establish a single nationwide, interoperable public safety broadband network. It will develop recommended technical requirements to ensure nationwide interoperability, based on the LTE standard. FCC will facilitate transition of public safety broadband spectrum (700 MHz D Block) to FirstNet A Multiple Licensees B AT&T (most of US) C AT&T (most of US) D AT&T (acquired from Qualcomm) E Multiple Licensees A Multiple Licensees B AT&T (most of US) C AT&T (most of US) 698 704 710 716 722 728 734 740 746 Ch 52 Ch 53 Ch 54 Ch 55 Ch 56 Ch 57 Ch 58 Ch 59 Ch 60 Ch 61 Ch 62 Ch 63 Ch 64 Ch 65 Ch 66 Ch 67 Ch 68 Ch 69 DTV A Block Guard Band (Access Spectrum, Pegasus, etc.) B Block Guard Band (Vacant) C Verizon 746 768 798 806769 775757 776758 799787 PSBB PSNB C Verizon PSBB PSNB 805788 800 MHz FirstNet License Lower 700 MHz Band Upper 700 MHz Band Source: FirstNet
Conclusions • The Role of 3GPP – 3GPP Organizational Partners are Regional and National Standards Bodies; companies participate through one of these 6 Partners • 3GPP has started work on public safety standards – Technical participation in Release 12 is needed • LTE based public safety networks – Improve on existing capabilities with broadband and multimedia • Work beyond 3GPP – Legacy coexistence and migration strategies are needed – ITU‟s Working Party 5A dealing notably with allocations for PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) – Regional regulation are considered for public-safety
Reference 1. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety 2. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety-LTE-gains-momentum 3. Radio Communications for Emergency Response and Disaster Relief (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/Events/2012/NBTC- disaster/S6_MrBhatia.pdf) 4. EMPhAtiC – Standardization Strategy (http://www.ict-ras.eu/index.php/meetings) 5. Public safety LTE: A How-to Guide (http://criticalcommunicationsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/tetra11/14691- Alcatel-Lucent_How-to-guide_LTE-for-Public-Safety_Global_edition_EN.pdf) 6. http://gcn.com/Articles/2013/04/08/Why-LTE-is-the-next-generation-in- wireless.aspx?Page=2 7. http://www.radioresourcemag.com/onlyonline.cfm?OnlyOnlineID=400
Q&A
Annex
ABSOLUTE • ABSOLUTE = Aerial Base Stations with Opportunistic Links for Unexpected & Temporary Events – The project is a highly ambitious and unique effort, investigating and validating a novel heterogeneous network architecture combining aerial, terrestrial and satellite communications links. It provides rapidly deployable, resilient and flexible mobile networks, comprising innovative components, advanced functionalities for broadband applications during large scale emergency recovery or temporary events. • FP7 Call-8 Project • http://www.absolute-project.eu/
EMPHATIC • EMPHATIC= Enhanced Multicarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications • EU FP7 Call 8 Project • http://www.ict-emphatic.eu

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Next generation tech trend for global critical communication standard

  • 1.
    緊急通訊技術國際標準發展趨勢 (Next Generation TechTrend for Global Critical Communication Standard) Institute for Information Industry Speaker: Yi-Hsueh Tsai 2013/10/04
  • 2.
    Biographies • Mr. Yi-HsuehTsai received the B. S. degree in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University of Science and Technology in 1998 and the M. S. and Ph.D degrees in electrical engineering from National Taiwan University in 2000 and 2005. • He started working in IEEE 802.16 standardization in 2006 and received “Certificates of Appreciation for contributing to IEEE Std 802.16j-2009” in July 2009. He started working in 3GPP standardization in 2011. • He is currently a senior engineer in Institute for Information Industry and involved in wireless standards development in both WiMAX and LTE.
  • 3.
    Outlines 1. Introduction of3GPP 2. 3GPP Release schedule 3. Standards for critical communications 4. 3GPP public safety work items 5. 3GPP standards availability 6. Work beyond 3GPP 7. Conclusion
  • 4.
    The role of3GPP • GSM, GPRS, W-CDMA, UMTS, EDGE, HSPA and LTE are all RAN Technologies specified by 3GPP • Core network and Systems architecture evolution have kept pace • Backward compatibility is a key element of each new 3GPP Release 4 The 3GPP Organizational Partners are Regional and National Standards Bodies; Companies participate through their membership of one of these 6 Partners Source: 3GPP
  • 5.
    How does 3GPPwork? • 4 Technical Specification Groups (TSG) which control their Working Groups (WGs) • TSGs meet 4 times/year, WGs in 1 or 2 times (for 1 week) between TSGs • WGs have up to 350 participants & handle up to 1300 Technical Documents per week • results are TSG approved Change Requests (CR) to modify Technical Specifications Source: 3GPP Project Co-ordination Group TSG Radio Access Network TSG Core Network TSG Terminals TSG Service and System Aspects 3GPP internal structure TSG GSM/EDGE Radio Access Network Technical Specifications
  • 6.
    Scope of 3GPPTSG Source: 3GPP & NEC eNB SGW E-UTRAN PDG MME
  • 7.
    Typical 3GPP workflow A WID leads to the creation/update of a TS, a 3GPP deliverable containing normative provisions A SID leads to the creation of a TR, a 3GPP deliverable containing only informative elements Source: 3GPP SA1 Chair
  • 8.
    1999 Release 99 Release 4 Release5 Release 6 LCR TDD HSDPA W-CDMA HSUPA, MBMS Release 7 HSPA+ (MIMO, etc.) Release 8 LTE Release 9 Release 10 LTE enhancements Release 12 ITU-R M.1457 IMT-2000 Recommendation ITU-R M.2012 [IMT.RSPEC] IMT-Advanced Recommendation 3GPP Release schedule & RAN features LTE-Advanced 3GPP work is structured in releases (REL) of 1-3 years duration each release consists of several work items (WI) and study items (SI) even if a REL is completed corrections are possible later existing features of one REL can be enhanced in a future REL Further LTE enhancements 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011 2013 ??? Release 11 3GPP aligned to ITU-R IMT process 3GPP Releases evolve to meet: • Future Requirements for IMT • Future operator and end-user requirements only main RAN WI listed now 2015 Source: 3GPP & ITU
  • 9.
    3GPP Release 12roadmap Source: 3GPP SA Chair 2013 2014 20152012 Later Phase Enhancements … Release 12 Implementations Available? Signaling Freeze June Requirements Freeze (Postpone from March for Public Safety Work) June Architecture Freeze Dec. Requirements Architecture Protocols Bug fixing
  • 10.
    Standards for criticalcommunications • Standards used for commercial cellular and critical communications have historically been separate • New interest today in adapting LTE for critical communication and public safety applications • 3GPP is working in collaboration with the critical communication industry to deliver standards Public Warning System (EMTEL & 3GPP) Digital Mobile Radio (ERM TG DMR) Non-voice Communication (3GPP & EMTEL) Maritime Distress and Safety System (ERM TG26) TETRA (TETRA)Priority use of public network (3GPP) Satellite emergency communication (SES SatEC) eCall (ESG & 3GPP) Mobile broadband system (MESA & RRS WG4) Enhanced caller location (E2NA, EMTEL, MSG, BRAN & CABLE) Public Safety Source: ETSI
  • 11.
    Standard for widerange of users An open standard where the focus is on meeting the critical communications needs of public safety and security agencies and an increasingly wide range of other market sectors. Government Oil & Gas Transport & logistics Utilities Commercial & Industrial Manufacturing
  • 12.
    Direct Mode forCritical Communication Direct Mode is direct communication between two or more terminals without the use of a network infrastructure. Types of Direct Mode equipment DMO DMO DMO Repeater DM-MS Direct Mode capable Terminal Control Centre Network DMO TMO Gateway DM-REP Direct Mode Repeater DM-GATE Direct Mode Gateway Source: TETRA
  • 13.
    Direct Mode forCritical Communication • Direct Mode provides a complementary service to Trunked Mode operation • Utilization of DMO Gateways and Repeaters provides: – Network extension capabilities – Predictability of coverage for working practices – Workflow Management – Location and management of DMO users from network Control Centers – Fallback scenarios, when base station sites fail • DMO must be classed as an essential service in Public Safety, Transportation and Utility networks
  • 14.
    Commitment and 3GPPCooperation Requirements & Technical Input LTE Enhancements • Preserve strengths of LTE while also adding features needed for public safety • Maximize the technical commonality between commercial and public safety aspects National Public Safety Telecommunications Council Spectrum and US$7bn funding for LTE-based national US public safety network at 700MHz Started standards process in 3GPP Tetra + Critical Communications Association Committed to LTE for broadband critical communication systems Cellular Industry Source: 3GPP SA Chair
  • 15.
    Use of acommercial wireless carrier LTE provides numerous benefits that make it attractive for partnerships between jurisdictions, and between public and private organizations. Experts predict there will be more partnerships as more public safety agencies begin moving forward with deployments. Financial benefits as shown in right figure, it is dramatically more cost-effective to build a network as part of a public- private partnership rather than on a standalone basis. Source: Bell Labs -10%
  • 16.
    Use of acommercial wireless carrier In the US, it is expected that FirstNet will select an Internet Packet Exchange (IPX) provider to handle the connectivity between the NPSBN and the various commercial networks with whom NPBSN creates roaming agreements. When roaming onto commercial networks, it may be desirable to route certain traffic, such as Internet traffic, locally in the commercial LTE network. Source: NPSTC NPBSN Commercial LTE
  • 17.
    Public Safety Requirementsand Standards • Public safety imposes unique requirements that cannot all be satisfied with LTE standards that are available today. An example of such a requirement is Mission Critical Voice, which includes Push to Talk (PTT), off-network operation, and a variety of related functions. LTE Standards LTE Product from OEM Commercial LTE Network • As LTE standards continue to evolve, and organizations such as FirstNet participate in the 3GPP standards processes to drive desired capabilities, more of the public safety requirements can be satisfied with products based on these standards. e.g. certain priority & QoS feature e.g. eMBMS e.g. mission critical voice Source: NPSTC
  • 18.
    3GPP public safetywork items Work Item 3GPP Release Work Item Document Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety (FS_REOPS) 13 SP-130240 Proximity-based Services Specification (ProSe) 12 SP-130030 RP-122009 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE (GCSE_LTE) 12 SP-130326 Public Safety Broadband High Power User Equipment for Band 14 for Region 2 11 RP-120362 Source: 3GPP
  • 19.
    Proximity-based Service –D2D WLAN D2D WAN + WLAN D2D D2D multicast (groupcast) D2D link Pico cell D2D link Pico cell WAN D2D Source: 3GPP & Intel
  • 20.
    Use cases forProximity-based Service Restricted discovery describes a basic scenario for ProSe discovery. Mary’s UE John’s UE Peter’s UE Proximity Open discovery describes a case in which an UE discover another UE without permission by the discoverable UE. Advertisement Interactive discovery
  • 21.
    Use cases forProximity-based Service 3GPP D2D Initial Focus Within network coverage Outside network coverage Discovery Non public safety & public safety requirements Public safety only Direct Communication At least public safety requirements Public safety only eNBs LTE R12 GRRAN/UTRAN pre-R12 LTE In network coverage Out of network coverage Partial network coverage Communication type: – Unicast – Groupcast – Broadcast – UE relay Source: 3GPP & Qualcomm
  • 22.
    Proximity-based Services Allow devicesin close proximity to communicate directly 1. Reduce network load 2. Increase capacity in given bandwidth 3. Allow communication in areas without network coverage Network Cell Site Current LTE Communication Path Network Cell Site Direct Discovery Communication Locally Routed UE Relay Cell Site Network Assisted Discovery
  • 23.
    Key Components forPublic Safety (B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication out of coverage (D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Communication in E-UTRAN coverage – NPSBN Users may be outside of the range of the fixed network, such as first responders in a rural area assisting in a response to a plane crash or police officers inside a residence responding to a domestic issue. – Off-network voice communications must be immediately accessible to users in the absence of the NPSBN. (H) UE to NW Relay (I) Service Continuity (F) ProSe-assisted WLAN Direct (ext1) RAN support (ext2) SA3 specification (D) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Comm., in coverage (C) Direct 1:1 E-UTRA Comm., in coverage (E) ProSe Comm Path via eNB (A) Direct 1:1 E-UTRA Comm., out of coverage (B) Direct 1:many E-UTRA Comm., out of coverage (G) UE to UE Relay (H) UE to NW Relay – We use this often to extend vehicle- based coverage footprint to handheld devices, e.g., to guarantee availability when responding to life-critical incidents within a building. – Also key to public safety, we would like this to be included in R12 if a solution can be found that does not add too much complexity to the rest of the work. Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC
  • 24.
    Tentative 3GPP roadmapfor ProSe Source: 3GPP & NEC 2013 2014 20152012 2016+ SA1 Feasibility Stage1 SA2/3 Feasib Stage2 SA/CT Stage3 RAN Feasibility RAN Stage3 Stage1 Stage2 RAN Stage3 SA/CT Stage3 ProSe work in RAN1 is too big to fit in current Rel12 timescales. RAN2 work partly depending on RAN1 progress CT work not well identified yet, need stable stage 2 first Release 12 Release 14 Release 13 Some requirements and features will most likely be delayed to Release 13. It is very unlikely that Release 12 will be extended.
  • 25.
    • When usersleave a vehicle, hand portable coverage may not be predictable: – Operating in built up areas – Roaming into public buildings (shopping centers etc.) – Operating near large metallic structures – Operating in a rural environment • Switching into DMO provides some predictable guidelines to follow for coverage planning • Using a Repeater will allow coverage area to be extended • Using a Gateway will allow hand portable operation in DMO, whilst still enabling communications with trunked mode users. TETRA Network TMO SDS Gateway Applications for Public Safety PEI SDS Source: TETRA
  • 26.
    Applications for PublicSafety • Using DMO in this way can be useful for: • Police officers when operating on foot after leaving a vehicle • Fire crews using the appliance as a gateway or repeater on the fire ground • Ambulance Crews leaving the vehicle to attend to patients No Network Coverage TETRA NetworkGateway • Transportation users when parked in depots use Gateway for communications to Trunked mode users Source: TETRA
  • 27.
    Applications for PublicSafety • Location of Remote Users: Manage Resource in DMO • Users out of coverage of the network can report their current position to either their vehicle or to an operator via TMO and to their vehicle • Alarm indications can report the position of the originator TETRA Network TMO SDS PEI SDSGatewa y Position Report Position Report Gateway DMO User Underground Bunker TETRA Infrastructure • Large buildings such as power stations, storage buildings and metallic structured buildings may have no TMO coverage • A Gateway, can be used to allow DMO communications within the building, and a link to TMO users Outside of the building Source: TETRA
  • 28.
    Group Communication SystemEnablers • Enable efficient group communication 1. Dynamic groups with mobile users and dispatchers 2. Support for floor control (e.g. push to talk) 3. Large groups (perhaps up to 5000) 4. Low latency to add users, obtain channels • Group call application is separate from the 3GPP system enablers 1. Application layer: group management, floor control decisions, legacy interoperability 2. LTE layer: mobility, service continuity, radio efficiency 3. Joint: performance, service interaction Group Call application sever Cell Site Dispatcher Group Call Enabled LTE Network Group Members UE Relay G.C. Network Application 3GPP LTE Network Layers Network API G.C. Network Application 3GPP LTE Network Layers Network API
  • 29.
    Key Components forPublic Safety (A) Group Management – Any aspects of this required to make core functionality work. (B) Group Communications (F) Service Continuity – Service will not be usable without this. (H) Resource Efficiency – Planned or unplanned major incidents may require group communications within a very large group in a small geographic area - requires good radio resource efficiency. (E) User Interaction – Some aspects only; related to performance, immediate updating of group membership, all members receiving transmissions at the same time. (A) Group Management (B) Group Comm (TX,RX) (H) Resource Efficiency (I) Roaming Scenarios (J) High Availability (C) Geographic Scope (ext2) RAN support (ext3) SA3 specification (ext1) SA2/ ProSe support (F) Service Continuity (G) UE to NW Relay (D) Floor Control (E) User Interaction ? (K) Inter- working (L) UE-AS Open Interface Source: 3GPP & UK Home Office & US DoC
  • 30.
    Fall-back Operation forPublic Safety Mobile Coverage Handportable Coverage Gateway DMO User
  • 31.
    EU FP7 Project- ABSOLUTE • Flexible and Resilient Public Safety and Disaster Recovery System and prototype components • Cognitive and Context Aware communications and network management solutions for public safety communications • System level simulator for hybrid Aerial- Terrestrial-Satellite Systems • Demonstration and pilot field trials validating the concepts
  • 32.
    ABSOLUTE’s Demonstrations Field testtrials To assess system performances To test key functionalities Final demonstration To demonstrate to stake holders and to end users the ABSOLUTE concept
  • 33.
    Isolated E-UTRAN canbe formed following: 1. An Outage event within the infrastructure network 2. Deployment of Mobile Command Posts (MCPs) Isolated E-UTRAN Operation • 1 or more eNB(s) • Transport connection between eNBs • Backhaul • Local EPC functions at eNB • Restoration of coverage for the group of eNBs • Security between UE and eNB • Security between eNBs • Offer similar services seen prior to • Outage event Isolated E-UTRAN Outage in the Infrastructure Network Mobile Command Post
  • 34.
    Release 12 draftstandards and schedule WG Document Title Date SA1 TR 22.803 Study on Proximity-based Services 2011/09~2013/01 SA1 TS 22.115 TS 22.278 Service aspects; Charging and billing Service requirements for the Evolved Packet System (EPS) 2012/12~2013/06 SA2 TR 23.703 Study on architecture enhancements to support Proximity Services 2012/12~2013/09 SA3 TR 33.8xy Study on security issues to support Proximity Services 2013/03~2014/03 RAN1 RAN2 TR 36.843 Feasibility Study on LTE Device to Device Proximity Services - Radio Aspects 2012/12~2014/03 SA1 TS 22.468 Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2012/06~2013/12 SA2 TR 23.768 Study on architecture enhancements to support Group Communication System Enablers for LTE 2013/02~2013/09 WG Document Title Date SA1 TR 22.897 Study on Resilient E-UTRAN Operation for Public Safety 2013/07~2014/06 Release 13 draft standards and schedule 3GPP standards availability Source: 3GPP
  • 35.
    Work beyond 3GPP •Standards are one element in enabling a market – 3GPP will deliver LTE enhancements for public safety in Rel-12 • Relationship between 3GPP and other SDOs • Potential users need to also consider – Legacy coexistence and migration strategies • Interworking requirement need to be carefully considered • Extension of PTT application with P25/TETRA to the LTE network – Spectrum (ITU) • World Radio Conference - 2015 (WRC-15) is currently under preparation – Working Party 5A: allocations for PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) – Working Party 5D: WRC-15 agenda point 1.2 (organization of 700 MHz band) – Regulation • The „Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012‟ directs FirstNet to establish a single nationwide public safety broadband network. – Handset and infrastructure ecosystem – Application designs
  • 36.
    Developing internet protocol specs ITU-R/T DevelopingMobile application specs Organisational Partners Referring to 3GPP specs (contributed by individual members) Partners of 3GPP Referring to 3GPP specs for the local specs Referring to specs Cross reference of specs Developing Wireless LAN/MAN specs Requirements Input specs JapanEU Korea China North America MRP Developing Recommendations Terminal Certification Terminal certification based on 3GPP specs Cross reference of specs Relationship between 3GPP and other SDOs Source: 3GPP
  • 37.
    Legacy coexistence andmigration strategies • The legacy coexistence is for the LTE network to interwork with P25/TETRA voice and low data-rate services such as short message. Source: TCCA & Alcatel-Lucent • This interworking enables interoperability and also provides the necessary migration path from P25/TETRA with an LTE overlay to a mission-critical LTE network running all mission critical services. TETRA, TETRAPOL, etc. PMR/LMR networks Non Mission Critical data (commercial LTE) Mission Critical Data (Private LTE) Mission Critical Voice (Private LTE) Single sign-on services (security) Communications services - including PMR/LMR applications Subscriber & group management, group calls, etc. Cloud - based Applications including Control Room Applications 1 2 3 4 TIME / STAGE Mission Critical voice services Until LTE readiness & maturity Upgrade Learn Build Migrate Strategic: requires spectrum for private LTE Using commercial 3G/4G carriers
  • 38.
    BB system introductionand coexistence Source: Cassidian The application is focused on coexistence between Narrowband PMR systems and Broadband PMR systems. Narrowband systems for voice communications and low data rate communications: (1)TETRA, (2) TETRAPOL, (3) APCO 25 These systems are using 10 to 25 kHz bandwidths. For high data rate communications, LTE is the system that is targeted to be used for future PMR Broadband. Bandwidths of 1.4 MHz, 3 MHz, 5 MHZ, 10Mhz are considered.
  • 39.
    ITU-R Study GroupMeetings: Working Party 5D WRC SGs & SC CPM RRRec RofP Radiocommunication Bureau Director RRB Final Acts ITU Member States (including Regional Groups, Informal Group) Revisions to RR, Resolutions & Questions, Recommendations Reports Technical bases RA RRB: Radio Regulations Board SGs: Radio-communication Study Groups SC: Special Committee (Regulation & Proc.) RA: Radio-communication Assembly WRC: World Radio- communication Conference DeploymentProduct R&DStandardResearch and Technology Trials 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 WRC-2012 WRC-2015 WRC-2019 5G Source: ITU & Huawei
  • 40.
    Public Safety Regulationfor US The „Middle Class Tax Relief and Job Creation Act of 2012‟ directs First Responder Network Authority (FirstNet), a new entity within NTIA, to establish a single nationwide, interoperable public safety broadband network. It will develop recommended technical requirements to ensure nationwide interoperability, based on the LTE standard. FCC will facilitate transition of public safety broadband spectrum (700 MHz D Block) to FirstNet A Multiple Licensees B AT&T (most of US) C AT&T (most of US) D AT&T (acquired from Qualcomm) E Multiple Licensees A Multiple Licensees B AT&T (most of US) C AT&T (most of US) 698 704 710 716 722 728 734 740 746 Ch 52 Ch 53 Ch 54 Ch 55 Ch 56 Ch 57 Ch 58 Ch 59 Ch 60 Ch 61 Ch 62 Ch 63 Ch 64 Ch 65 Ch 66 Ch 67 Ch 68 Ch 69 DTV A Block Guard Band (Access Spectrum, Pegasus, etc.) B Block Guard Band (Vacant) C Verizon 746 768 798 806769 775757 776758 799787 PSBB PSNB C Verizon PSBB PSNB 805788 800 MHz FirstNet License Lower 700 MHz Band Upper 700 MHz Band Source: FirstNet
  • 41.
    Conclusions • The Roleof 3GPP – 3GPP Organizational Partners are Regional and National Standards Bodies; companies participate through one of these 6 Partners • 3GPP has started work on public safety standards – Technical participation in Release 12 is needed • LTE based public safety networks – Improve on existing capabilities with broadband and multimedia • Work beyond 3GPP – Legacy coexistence and migration strategies are needed – ITU‟s Working Party 5A dealing notably with allocations for PPDR (Public Protection and Disaster Relief) – Regional regulation are considered for public-safety
  • 42.
    Reference 1. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety 2. http://www.3gpp.org/Public-Safety-LTE-gains-momentum 3.Radio Communications for Emergency Response and Disaster Relief (http://www.itu.int/ITU-D/asp/CMS/Events/2012/NBTC- disaster/S6_MrBhatia.pdf) 4. EMPhAtiC – Standardization Strategy (http://www.ict-ras.eu/index.php/meetings) 5. Public safety LTE: A How-to Guide (http://criticalcommunicationsworld.com/wp-content/uploads/tetra11/14691- Alcatel-Lucent_How-to-guide_LTE-for-Public-Safety_Global_edition_EN.pdf) 6. http://gcn.com/Articles/2013/04/08/Why-LTE-is-the-next-generation-in- wireless.aspx?Page=2 7. http://www.radioresourcemag.com/onlyonline.cfm?OnlyOnlineID=400
  • 43.
  • 44.
  • 45.
    ABSOLUTE • ABSOLUTE =Aerial Base Stations with Opportunistic Links for Unexpected & Temporary Events – The project is a highly ambitious and unique effort, investigating and validating a novel heterogeneous network architecture combining aerial, terrestrial and satellite communications links. It provides rapidly deployable, resilient and flexible mobile networks, comprising innovative components, advanced functionalities for broadband applications during large scale emergency recovery or temporary events. • FP7 Call-8 Project • http://www.absolute-project.eu/
  • 46.
    EMPHATIC • EMPHATIC= EnhancedMulticarrier Techniques for Professional Ad-Hoc and Cell-Based Communications • EU FP7 Call 8 Project • http://www.ict-emphatic.eu