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1. Name of Group :
Andhika Kurniawan
Pontoh
Dani Vanadi Junius
DwihartadiKertiyasa
Hendriks
Syelviyona Erlinda

2. Perhaps the broadest way to think about
newspapers in the United States is to divide
them into :
A. dailies newspapers that are published at least
five times a week
B. weeklies newspapers that are published once
a week

3. dailies newspapers

4. Table 8.3
Media Today page 314
Table 8.4
Media Today page 314

5. A cause of the circulation drop of a few
big-city papers
• free newspapers, in particular
a daily called Metro. Owned
by a Swedish publisher, Metro
now publishes in 100 cities in
20 countries in Europe, Asia,
and North and South
America. It claims a reach of
22.8 million readers daily.
• high-speed (―broadband‖)
Internet connections
• DailyNewspaper Chains It’s
importantto note that with the
exceptionof the free papers
daily newspapers tend notto
havecompetitionfrom other
dailies
• Moreover,most of the dailies in
the United States are controlled
by a few large firms. In 2000, for
example,newspaper chains (or
groups) controlled about 1,083
dailies; only about 400 were
independent.

6. • the number of independent
dailies has certainly not
grown
• The logic of chain ownership
has traditionally been quite
strong. A daily newspaper
that was the only one in its
area could pretty well dictate
prices to local advertisers—
car dealers, department
stores, movie theaters—that
wanted to reach high
percentages of the population
on a regular basis.
Consequently, daily
• newspapers’ margins of profit
have been quite high, far
higher than most other
industries.

7. in recent years, newspaper executives and their investors
have begun to worry that this logic no longer holds. Losses in
readership, and increased competition for :
- local advertising by the Internet
-free newspapers
-local media have led investors to downgrade the
-monetary value of some of the biggest newspaper
companies

8. • Times newspaper put it in 2007, ―most newspaper chains
are still wildly profitable by conventional measures—
generating pre-tax margins of 20 percent or more
• executives are finding it difficult to maintain those levels
and deliver the earnings growth that Wall Street
demands. With revenues stagnant, most have resorted to
cost-cutting to appease shareholders. Moreover,
declining margins of profit and concerns for the long-
term future of the business have led some of those firms to
sell out to others.
• Example : Tribune Corporation, Knight Ridder, and Dow
Jones

11. Financingthe newspaper business
No matter what their size, topic, or language,
newspapers need to make money. They can
generate revenues in two ways: from
advertising or from circulation.

12. Advertising
• Retail advertising is carried out by establishments located
in the same geographic area as the newspaper in which the
ad is placed. Retail advertising is the most important of the
four main areas of newspaper advertising.
• Classified Advertising The second most lucrative type of
newspaper advertisement is the classified ad, which makes
up near 40 percent of the revenue pie. Classified ads are
short announcements for products or services and the are
the second most lucrative.

13. • National ads are advertisements placed by large national
and multinational firms that do business in a newspaper’s
geographic area.
• Freestanding Inserts Inserts, often called freestanding
inserts (FSIs), are preprinted sheets that advertise
particular products, services, or retailers. FSIs are not
printed as part of the paper itself, but are inserted into the
paper after the printing process has been completed.

14. Circulation Challenges Facing Newspapers
• During the 1990s and into the twenty-first century, the
rate at which daily newspapers died moderated. The
circulation issue that now concerns many daily newspaper
executives is whether young people will stop reading
papers because they are so heavily involved in electronic
media. Research in 2005 revealed that 66 percent of
people 55 years and older read daily newspapers on
weekdays and Saturday; 72 percent read the Sunday
paper. When it came to 18–24-year-olds, though, only 38
percent were weekday readers, and only 46 percent read
the sunday paper

16. Production in the newspaper industry.
In this parts we will focus on two general areas. One involves
the creation of the content that goes into the papers, and the
other involves the actual technical process of putting
together a newspaper.
The creation of a newspaper’s content differs between dailies
and weeklies, and between newspapers with large
circulations and those with small ones.

18. The newspaper’s publisher is in charge of the entire
company’s operation, which includes financial issues (getting
advertising, increasing circulation), production issues, and
editorial issues. Editorial in this case has two meanings. In a
narrow sense, it means the creation of opinion pieces by the
firm’s editorial writers. More broadly, it means all non-
advertising matter in the paper

19. Distribution and the newspaper
industry.
Distributionindustry means bringing the finished issue
to the point of exhibition.
Newspapercan be distributingto :
• A person’s house
•A newsstand
•A supermarket
•Vending machine
•Computeror mobile house

20. Distribution and the Newspaper industry
• Decision to emphasize certain areas and not others
can affect the makeup of the newspaper themselve (
publisher harus mendorongeditor untuk
mengembangkanfitur2, dan mencapai atau
mendapatkan berita yang menarik bagi target
audience)
• Major daily newspaper have been concentrating
theircirculation efforts on the suburbs as opposed to
the core cities that used to be theiraudience base

21. Exhibition in the newspaper industry.
The digital Inquirer and Daily News do share areas on one
distribution site, http://www.philly.com. Like other online news
outlets, it is distributed through exhibitors—typically cable and
telephone companies—to computers, smart phones and other
devices wherever users can and want to pick it up. In the physical
world, the exhibition point of a newspaper is more specific and
depends upon its type.

22. AchievingTotal Market Coverage
Historically, paid-subscription daily or weekly newspapers
could guarantee to advertisers that their ads would reach
virtually every home in the newspaper’s coverage area.
However, because of the nationwide decrease in the percentage
of homes receiving newspapers, the major dailies or weeklies in a
region can no longer automatically provide advertisers with
what people in the industry call total market coverage (TMC).
Other competitors offering TMC to advertisers are direct mail
firms, marriage mail outfits.

23. New Exhibition Strategies for
Newspapers
- Retailers have found that marriage mail and shoppers are
efficient ways to get their FSIs out to entire neighborhoods when
local newspapers cannot offer that kind of service or when they
are more expensive. As you can imagine, marriage mail firms and
shoppers have siphoned away newspapers’ coveted supermarket
advertising and FSIs.
- Some newspapers have started their own shoppers and
marriage mail operations or have bought their competitors.
Other papers have supplemented their regular paid circulation
to certain key areas with a weekly TMC circulation.

24. A key industry issue: building readership.
• must adapt their organizationsto new digital
media :
–analog strategies, which involve the physical
paper
–Digitalstrategies, internet etc

25. analog strategies
• MoreAttractiveand Colorful Layouts
• Reader friendly : include fewer stories on the front page,
more liberal use of white space, quick news summaries and
notesabout ―what’s inside,‖ and more use of charts and
picturesto convey information.

26. SectionsDesignedtoAttractCrucialAudiences
1. find out what those target audiences want, publishers
employ research firms to conduct surveys and focus
groups
2. find out what kinds of things people want to read
about and to give them what they want
3. news that is clearly relevant to their want .
Example : business section, created sections on science
EmphasizingLocalism
reporting on the communities/ local people
in which their readers live

27. Digital strategies
1. keep the sites interestingso that readers keep
comingback and new readers visit
2. SectionsDesigned

28. 3. serve ads efficientlyto people based on both their
registrationmaterialand their activities online
(for example, their interestin the automotive
section or the style section)
4. make and keep their sites attractiveto readers with
audiovisual, podcast and etc
5. formattedfor the user’s cellular phone, ―smart‖
device or personal digital assistant
6. must balance their level of localism with the
advertisingthat it brings in.
Ex: digital report about community event with adv about
their community