The document discusses wool fiber crimp properties and testing equipment. It defines crimp as the natural wave formation in wool fibers caused by differences in expansion of orthocortex and paracortex cells when absorbing moisture. Finer fibers have more distinct crimp arrangements leading to higher crimp. Testing devices like OFDA 100 and Vibrochrom 400 can measure fiber properties including diameter, crimp frequency and amplitude, and color. The crimp gives wool qualities like softness, bulk, and insulation by trapping air between fibers.

1. Wool fiber crimp
&
its fiber
properties
tester equipments

2. Presented by :
horas magdy
presented to :
eng :nermin

3. What is THE Crimp?
.Crimp : is the natural wave formation found in
the Huacaya fleece
Crimp : is the term given
to the natural wave that
occurs in wool fibers

5. THE CRIMP-FINENESS RELATIONSHIP IN WOOL
fiber

7. Grade and Crimps in Wool:-

8. Cross-Section of a Coarse Wool Fiber Bilateral Structure of a Wool Fiber

10. orthocortex
paracortex

11. Arrangement of interior cells creates fiber crimp :
 There are 2 main types of cell in the cortex – orthocortex and paracortex – and
each has a slightly different chemical composition.
 In finer fibers, these cells are arranged in 2 distinct halves.
 In coarser fibers, the arrangement is less distinct.
 These cells create the crimp in wool.
 The 2 types of cell expand differently when they absorb moisture, causing the
fiber to bend.
 When the cells are arranged in 2 halves, there is more crimp, and the more
random arrangement in coarser fibers creates less crimp, so crimp relates directly
to fiber diameter.

12. Frequency :
is the number of times the fibre crimps (waves) per inch (CPI).
Amplitude :
is the height (deepness) of the wave. Deep crimp is said to
have high amplitude.
Deep Frequency :
is defined as having high amplitude.
Bold Frequency :
is a low frequency wave that maintains
high amplitude.

14. _The crimp in wool fibers makes it soft and
springy to touch.
_It also adds bulk and traps a large
volume of air between the fibers, giving it good
insulation properties.

15. Helical geometry of crimp

16. Testing
device

17. OFDA 100
the OFDA is the only image analysis system
to be recognized with a Test Method from
the IWTO

18. Operating Principles
 The OFDA is essentially an automatic microscope set above a moving
sample of fibers.
 The instrument magnifies and captures images of the individual fibers
using a video camera, and then identifies and measures each fiber.
 The fibers and measurement points can be seen on the video screen.
 The width of each identified fiber image is measured with a resolution
of 1 micron whilst the combined mean diameter and standard
deviation are calculated to a resolution of 0.01 micron.

19.  OFDA's histogram data include the mean fiber
diameter, standard deviation (SD), coefficient of
variation (CV), prickle factor (PF) and spinning fineness.

20. Colour of
wool fiber

21. Colour property :
the normal color of wool from the improved
breeds of sheep is white, but a small percentage
of it may be brown, black, or grey.
generally, manufacturers demand that the wools
used in processing be scoured out completely
white to ensure that the future color of the
fabric will not be affected by the natural color
of the fibers.

22. Type of natural
colour

23. Testing
device

24. Vibrochrom 400

25. Tester principle:

26. Thank
you