1. Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder characterized by recurrent seizures from abnormal neuronal activity in the brain. Common symptoms include involuntary muscle contractions and shaking. Treatment was historically based on nervous system depressants, but now focuses on newer antiepileptic drugs. 2. Alzheimer's disease causes memory loss and cognitive impairment. Early symptoms are subtle memory loss worsening over time. Currently there is no cure, but medications can help control symptoms. 3. Parkinson's disease is a neurodegenerative process affecting motor pathways in the brain. Symptoms include tremors and impaired movement. Treatment focuses on medications to manage symptoms.

2. Is a chronic disease characterized
by one or several neurological
disorders that leaves a
predisposition in the brain to
generate recurrent seizures,
which often results in
consequences neurobiological,
cognitive and psychological.
NEUROLOGY

3. SYMPTOMS
Involuntary contractions of muscle groups
Shaking hands with involuntary movements
Possible tongue biting
abundant salivation
TREATMENT
Was based on the use of non-specific depressant of the nervous system
Currently there have been a number of new antiepileptic drugs that
try to increase treatment efficacy and reduce side effects.
NEUROLOGY

4. Alzheimer’s disease is the most
common form of dementia, a
serious brain disorder that
impacts daily living through
memory loss and cognitive
changes.
NEUROLOGY

5. SYMPTOMS
At first, there are small and subtle memory loss, but over time, this deficiency is
becoming more noticeable. and disabling for the individual who will have trouble
performing everyday tasks and simple, and also other more intellectual, such as
speaking, understanding, reading, or writing.
TREATMENT
At present, there is no cure for Alzheimer's disease. However, there are
medications that can help control your symptoms
There are four drugs Cholinesterase inhibitors slow
used, called the metabolic degradation of
cholinesterase inhibitors acetylcholine
NEUROLOGY

6. Parkinson's disease is a
neurodegenerative process of the
motor pathways that exert an
important influence on spinal motor
circuits, the brain stem and
cerebellum.
TREATMENT
SYMPTOMS
medications ;to be effective, medication
should be taken exactly as prescribed by
your doctor.
NEUROLOGY

7. Is a neurodegenerative genetic
disorder that affects muscle
coordination and leads to cognitive
decline and dementia.
 The disease is caused by an
autosomal dominant mutation.
It is much more common in
people of Western European
descent than in those of Asian or
African ancestry.
NEUROLOGY

8. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Quick, sudden
jerking movements
of the
arms, legs, face impatience Irritability
and other body
parts
Changes in Disorientation
Psychosis
language or confusion
Loss of memory
NEUROLOGY

9. TREATMENT
There is no cure for
Huntington's disease.
 treatment is to reduce
symptoms and help people
to fend for themselves for as
long and as comfortably as
possible.
NEUROLOGY

10. It is an autoimmune disease that
affects the brain and spinal cord
(central nervous system)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) affects
more women than men.
The disorder is most commonly
diagnosed between 20 and 40 years
of age
NEUROLOGY

11. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Loss of Muscle Problems with
balance spasms walking
uncontrollable
Double vision rapid eye
movements
NEUROLOGY

12. TREATMENT
There is no known cure for
multiple sclerosis at the
time, but there are therapies
that can slow the progression
of the disease.
The important thing is to
control symptoms and help
maintain a normal quality of
life.
NEUROLOGY

13. Refers to any brain
abnormality, the product of
a pathological process that
compromises the blood
vessels.
NEUROLOGY

14. SYMPTOMS AND SIGNS
Motor deficit. Sensory deficit Dizziness
Headache ataxia, incoordinación, temblor Nausea and vomiting
NEUROLOGY

15. TREATMENT
Cerebrovascular disease
has no cure.
Possible treatments
include hospital
care, medicines, transcathe
ter interventions, surgery
and rehabilitation.
NEUROLOGY

16. NEUROLOGY

17. Refers to imaging by sections or
sectioning, through the use of any
kind of penetrating wave.
A device used in tomography is
called a TOMOGRAPH.
The image produced is a
TOMOGRAM.
NEUROLOGY

18. Radio- Electron-
frequency positron
waves annihilation
Gamma
Electrons
rays
Tomograms
are derived
using several
X-rays different Ions
physical
phenomena
listed.
NEUROLOGY

19. Is a procedure that uses a special dye (contrast material) and x-
rays to see how blood flows through the brain.
NEUROLOGY

20. Is a medical imaging
technique used in radiology to
visualize detailed internal
structures.
NEUROLOGY

21. One advantage of an MRI scan is that
it is harmless to the patient.
In clinical practice, MRI is used to
distinguish pathologic tissue (such as a
brain tumor) from normal tissue.
NEUROLOGY

22. Is performed in order to collect a
sample of cerebrospinal fluid(CSF) for:
Biochemical, microbiological, and
cytological analysis.
Very rarely as a treatment
("therapeutic lumbar puncture") to
relieve increased intracranial
pressure.
NEUROLOGY

23. Is the removal of a small piece of brain tissue
for the diagnosis of abnormalities of the brain
NEUROLOGY

24. It is used to diagnose:
Alzheimer'
s disease
Other
brain Tumors
disorders
Inflammation Infection
NEUROLOGY

25. A 35 year old white female
she had noticed some significant
changes in neurologic functions
heat intolerance precipitating a
stumbling gait and a tendency to fall
visual acuity change periodically
She got sick with a flu and her neurologic condition
worsened. NEUROLOGY

26. the patient abruptly
developed a right
hemisensory deficit after
several days of work
The MRI scan was performed
at that time and revealed a
multifocal white matter
disease - areas of increased T2
signal in both cerebral
hemispheres.
NEUROLOGY

27. • high blood pressure
FAMILY HISTORY • cancer
• heart disease
PERSONAL HISTORY • anemia and allergies
• had a tubal ligation.
NEUROLOGIC EXAMINATION
• mild vibratory sense loss in the distal
lower extremities
Diagnosis: Multiple Sclerosis
NEUROLOGY

28. PATIENT : 33 Years old / female
who was well until 2 years ago
when she noticed an onset of
numbness in the left arm
She was able to walk normally but a
few weeks later developed a relapse
of neurologic dysfunction
NEUROLOGY

29. How many possible demyelinating lesions
could be suspected in this patient based
upon the clinical history?
At least 4 areas of the CNS may be involved:
•abnormal vision with blind spots
•optic pallor
•diplopia
NEUROLOGY

30. What is the most likely location of
Which 2 major neurological the demyelinating lesion that is
systems (or tracts) are quite causing these problems in the
apparently affected in this patient?
patient?
Spinal
cord, around
T4-T5
A. pyramidal system
B. dorsal columns-
medial lemniscus
system
NEUROLOGY

31. IN CONCLUSION , WHAT’S THE
MEDICAL DIAGNOSIS FOR THIS
PATIENT ?
NEUROLOGY

32. NEUROLOGY