The document discusses computer networks and their components. It defines a computer network as a group of computers and devices linked together to share data and hardware resources. Each connected computer is called a node. Nodes can be linked through cables, phone lines, wireless connections or infrared beams. The summary then provides key details about network cards, cables, hubs and switches. It also defines different types of networks including PAN, LAN, MAN and WAN. Finally, it distinguishes between client-server and peer-to-peer network models.

1. By – Mrs Nagarani

2.  A computer network can be defined as a group of
computers and other peripheral devices that are
linked together for the purpose of sharing data
and hard ware resources
 Each computer in a network is called Node.
 The computers in a network maybe linked
through cables ,telephone lines, radio waves ,or
infrared light beams

3. S.N. Advantage Description
1
Efficient Use of
Storage Media
There is no need for separate media to store files. Files stored on
server can be used by many user at a time.
2 Preserving Information
While personal data can be lost by individual users, Files stored
on server are safe as regular backups takes place for server.
3 Reduction in Hardware Cost
In a network, devices (e.g. printer) can be shared by many users
and thus no need for multiple devices for each user. This reduce
the operation cost.
4 Efficiency
In network, there is or single point (e.g. server) for modification /
deletion of data / software. This increase system efficiency.
5 Redundancy
Network system has made hard copy system almost redundant as
files can be sent / shared in digital form.
6 Quickest Document Delivery e.g. files sent by email or other applications like WhatsApp

4. 1 Network Card
2 Networking Cable
3 Hubs and Switches

5.  A network card is used to physically attach a computer to
a network, so that it can participate in network
communication. Ethernet Network Card is the most
commonly used network card
 Nowadays motherboards come with inbuilt Network Card.

6. Modern Ethernet networks use twisted pair cable
containing 8 wires. These wires are arranged in a
special order ,and an RJ-45 connecter is crimped at
both ends of the cable
Ethernet Cable RJ-45 Connector

7. These devices that let you connect one or more
computers to other computers, networked devices, or
even other networks
Hub Switch

9. PAN LAN MAN WAN
• PAN is a computer network
that is mainly created for an
individual person.
• It is used for communication
among devices , such as laptop
, mobile etc.
• It can be either wired or
wireless. PAN generally a
range less than 10 meters (30
feet).
• LAN- two or more computers
and peripheral devices are
connected with in a small area
•MAN is a larger network than
LAN which is spread across a city
• WAN-is network connects two
or more computers located at
far way places

11. CLIENT – SERVER PEER TO PEER
• It is a network, where several
computers called Clients or
Workstations are connected to the
main computers called Server.
• A Server is a computer that provides
services to clients and controls
access to hardware, software and
other resources
• Clients are the computers, which
request services, like data retrieval,
storage etc. from the server
• Peer-to-Peer is a network where a
few computers having equal capacity
and capabilities are connected
together to use the resources
available on the network