This document provides an overview of computer networks. It defines a computer network as allowing connected devices to exchange data via either cable or wireless connections. It then classifies networks based on size into personal area networks (PANs), local area networks (LANs), metropolitan area networks (MANs), and wide area networks (WANs). The document also discusses network topologies, architectures, features, uses, advantages and disadvantages of computer networks.

1. www.studymafia.org
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www.studymafia.org
Seminar
On
Computer Networks

2. Content
 Introduction
 Types of Network
 Classification of Network Architecture
 Network Topology
 Features Of Computer Networks
 Uses of Computer Networks
 Conclusion
 References

3. A computer network is a telecommunications
network that allows computers to exchange data.
The physical connection between networked
computing devices is established using either
cable media or wireless media.
The best-known computer network is the
internet.

4. Based on the size and the coverage area, networks are
categorized into the following types:
Personal Area Networks (PANs)
Local Area Networks (LANs)
Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs)
Wide Area Networks (WANs)

5. A personal area network (PAN) is a computer network used for
communication among computer and different information
technological devices close to one person.
Is a small network established for communication between different
devices, such as laptops, computers, mobiles, and PDAs.
A pan may include wired and wireless devices.
The reach of a pan typically extends to 10 meters.

6. A local area network (LAN) is a network that connects computers
and devices in a limited geographical area such as a home, school,
office building, or closely positioned group of buildings.
Each computer or device on the network is a node.
Wired LANs are most likely based on Ethernet technology.

7. It is relatively larger than LAN and extends across a
city or a metropolitan.
It is created by connecting two or more LANs
located at different locations in a city.

8. A wide area network (WAN) is a computer network that covers a large
geographic area such as a city, country, or spans even intercontinental distances.
A WAN uses a communications channel that combines many types of media
such as telephone lines, cables, and air waves.
A WAN often makes use of transmission facilities provided by common
carriers, such as telephone companies.
One of the most prominent examples of the existing wans is the Internet.

9. On a network built using the client-server architecture, the devices
communicate to other devices through a central computer referred to as a
server.
The server is a terminal with high processing power, which provides services
for the other computers on the network.

10. On a network built using the peer-to-peer architecture, no
specific distinction exists between a client and a server.
Any node can provide a service as well as send a request for a
service from another node on the network.

11. A hybrid, in general, is a composition of two different types of
elements.
A hybrid network architecture is created to get the benefits of
both, the peer-to-peer and the client-server architectures, in a
network.

12. The pattern of interconnection of nodes in a network is
called the Topology.
This layout also determines the manner in which
information is exchanged within the network.
The different types of network topologies that can be
used to set up a network are:
 Bus Topology
 Star Topology
 Ring Topology
 Mesh Topology
 Tree Topology
 Hybrid Topology

14. Features Of Computer
network
 Communication speed
 File sharing
 Back up and Roll back is easy
 Software and Hardware sharing
 Security
 Scalability
 Reliability

15. Uses Of Computer Network
 Resource sharing: Resource sharing is the sharing of
resources such as programs, printers, and data among
the users on the network without the requirement of the
physical location of the resource and user.
 Communication medium: Computer network behaves
as a communication medium among the users. For
example, a company contains more than one computer
has an email system which the employees use for daily
communication.
 E-commerce: Computer network is also important in
businesses. We can do the business over the internet.
For example, amazon.com is doing their business over
the internet, i.e., they are doing their business over the

16. Advantages of Computer
Networks
 More Convenient Resource Sharing
The major benefit of computer networks for large companies is
that lots of resources can be shared to all the staff through it. It
assures that the resources needed for the completing operation
can be shared completely.
 Instant and Multiple Accesses
The computer networks allow multiple users to access the same
data from a remote location at the same time. One of the most
common examples is the global web that can be accessed by
everyone from a different place at the same time.
 Low cost and high flexibility
There is a very low cost involved in installing the networking
software on the computers or any other device.

17. Disadvantages of Computer
Networks
 Dangers of Security Issues
There is a chance that the security can be at risk because
a larger size of people uses a computer network and share
files. There are many illegal activities involved over the
internet from time to time and users need to be careful
about that.
 Increase Dependence on Computers
There is a great involvement of computers in this
technology and it makes the people get relied on them
instead if making some physical effort. It can have a bad
effect on the health of the people.

18. Conclusion
 Described how to get connected to the Internet
 Talked about the related network technologies
and components

19. References
 www.google.com
 www.wikipedia.com
 www.studymafia.org

20. Thanks