The document discusses the development of smart cities in Asia and challenges facing megacities in India. It notes that Asia is rapidly urbanizing, with over 2 billion people currently living in Asian cities and more expected by 2030. This unprecedented urbanization presents sustainability and livability challenges. Smart cities aim to address these using technologies like IoT, sensors and data analytics to improve areas like transportation, energy use, and public services. The document specifically examines New Delhi and Mumbai as two of India's largest megacities currently facing issues like air pollution, traffic congestion, and a need for sustainable transportation solutions like expanded metro systems.

1. U N I T I
N E C E S S I T Y O F S M A R T C I T Y
ELECTRONICS IN SMART
CITY

2. CONTENTS
• The Smart City Philosophy
• Development of Asian cities
• Megacities of India: Current challenges

3. THE SMART CITY PHILOSOPHY
• The general philosophy of a smart city goes like this – It
is a technologically driven space that connects
everything and everyone to operate efficiently. But this is
not as easy as we think. There is much more lying
beneath the concept of a smart city.
• In fact, the definition of a smart city could be deduced
differently by different cultures and can sound elusive
until you plunge yourself into the real-world problems.

4. So, how a city can truly become smart?
• To find out the underlying questions, SmartCitiesWorld in
association with Philips Lighting conducted a worldwide survey
from August to September 2017.
• The main aim of the survey was to understand and find out the
key attitudes and perceptions about the implementation of the
smart city infrastructure.
• The survey collected input from 150 thought leaders from
around the world. This survey unveils the understanding and
perception of a smart city from the standpoint of different
stakeholders.
• It also looks for the main drivers and inhibitors of a smart city
development and a solution to how the latter could be
alleviated to give rise to successful and dynamic cities.

5. • The survey attracted participants from six main categories
– Governance, Energy, Transportation, Buildings,
Connectivity and Data. Yet, the R&D and the educational
sector were also targeted.

6. DEVELOPMENT OF ASIAN COUNTRIES
• Asia is the most rapidly urbanizing region in the world.
With the largest number of cities, the largest cities in
terms of population size, and cities with the highest
population density, getting urbanization right is important
for the region’s long-term growth.
• Almost 60% of the world’s population is projected to live
in cities by 2030, up from about half currently.
Urbanization is largely an Asian story, with 2 billion
people currently living in Asian cities and more than a
billion additional people expected to move in by 2030.

7. • According to the Asian Development Bank, the scale of
urbanization in Asia is “unprecedented in human history.”
However, the current trajectory of city growth is hardly
sustainable. Cities account for the majority of their countries’
carbon footprint and 70% of the world’s carbon dioxide
emissions.

8. • Asian cities already face the challenges of land
constraints and high population densities, thus their
growth path will have to be very different from that in
Western countries such as the U.S. and Europe. How
Asian cities grow—specifically, how the big megacities of
tomorrow build their roads and buildings, and how they
provide energy—will greatly affect the lives of billions.

9. • Smart cities promise to be a next frontier of urban
development, employing new technologies including sensors,
mobile technology, and big data analytics. The Internet of
Things (IoT) is where devices and appliances in buildings,
cars, streets, and infrastructure can be connected over the
Internet allowing them to “talk to” each other and to users.
These innovations have the potential to improve cities in
terms of sustainability, livability, and responsiveness to citizen
needs.

10. • While smart technologies will not solve every urban problem,
there is no question that well-designed and well run cities that
are pleasant and convenient to live in can attract business
investment and human talent.
• Opportunities exist for businesses and government to create
solutions that cater to high-rise homes, crowded
neighborhoods, congested roads, and more broadly, services
that respond to the needs and improve the living quality of
urban residents.
• Cities are also the center of decision-making for countries,
where key policy decisions in areas ranging from national
security to citizen services are made.

11. • Cities often suffer the greatest losses during natural
disasters, as they are their countries’ centers of economy and
government.
• Governments are increasingly expected to be responsive to
citizen needs and demands on how to improve their cities’
quality of living.
• This briefing explores several key areas—buildings, mobility,
energy, and citizen services, and demonstrates how Asian
cities are evolving and innovating in using smart technologies
to achieve the goals of sustainability, livability, and
responsiveness.

12. MEGACITIES OF INDIA: CURRENT
CHALLENGES
• 54% of the world's population now lives in urban areas
and it is expected to increase to 66% by 2050 as per UN
report "World Urbanization Prospects 2014".
• The report further highlights the emergence of 28
megacities, i.e. urban areas with 10 million inhabitants,
around the world, compared to 10 megacities in 1990.
• Currently, Tokyo (Japan) is the world's most crowded city
with 38 million inhabitants, followed by New Delhi (India)
(25 million), Shanghai (China) (23 million) and Mumbai
(India) (21 million).

13. • In 2011, India's total population was 1.23 billion, of which
31.17% lived in urban areas and it is projected that urban
population of India will reach 590 million (38%) by 2030.
• There would be at least 60 cities with a million plus
population, at present the figure stands at 42 cities. The cities
are expanding in terms of boundaries and attracting people
from other parts of the country for a better life.

14. • Rapid urbanization is creating lots of challenges such as
housing, sanitation, utilities and transportation for these
cities. Mobility is emerging as the key challenge for policy
makers around the world and India.
• Delhi and Mumbai are the two key mega-cities of India
with a 20 million plus population. These two cities attract
more than 200 migrants every day in search of livelihood.
By 2030 the population of Delhi and Mumbai will be 36
million and 27 million respectively.

15. • WHO Air Quality Report 2014 has ranked Delhi as the most
polluted city in the world. Delhi has most extensive road
network in the country but still not have enough space for its
traffic.
• The Victoria Transport Institute concluded that half of the
increased roadway capacity is consumed by added traffic in
just five years. Interestingly, According to study conducted
by Urban Emissions, Delhi’s cars are no faster than
pedestrians for 20% of their running time.

16. • These two cities with a high urban population are looking to
find sustainable transport solutions and Metro is seen as one
of the key public transport system. Delhi is leading with
longest operational length, whereas, Mumbai is the latest
entrant in the league of Metro System in India.
•

17. • Delhi has made significant investment in metro network and
created a network of 190 kms carrying more than 1.7 million
passengers a day.
• The city is expanding its existing network, adding more than
140 kms in its network in Phase-III. The system has carried
3.7 billion passengers in last 12 years. The metro system has
helped to put 1,17,249 vehicles off the road daily and helped
to save 1,06,493 tonnes of fuel by providing commuters with
an alternative to motorised vehicles, resulting in savings of
INR 16 billion per year.
• Further, Delhi Metro has helped in reduction of emission of
harmful gases into the
city’s atmosphere. Delhi Metro
is helping to save 786 CO per
passenger per trip, leading to
reduction of 4,57,615 CO
equivalent tonne annually
(Source: DMRC).

18. • Mumbai has completed first
phase of Metro construction and
launched the commercial
operation on September 08, 2014.
Mumbai Metro has been completed on Public
Private Partnership basis.
• The first line is 11.4 km-long Versova-Andheri-
Ghatkopar corridor and has 12 stations on the elevated
line. The system carried more than 30 million
passengers in the first 100 days. The economic and
environment impact of Mumbai Metro is positive but it
is not quantified yet.
• While most the solutions to transportation problems in
India are implemented with a post facto approach, the
growing cities need to plan ahead for the future
mobility requirements and make investments with a
long-term purview.