Strategic Environment Assessments in Eastern Europe, Caucasus & Central AsiaUNDP Eurasia
This document discusses UNDP's support for applying strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. It describes several SEA projects UNDP has undertaken in the region. Key lessons learned include that SEA is most effective when integrated into planning processes early, when there is government and stakeholder ownership, and when capacity building includes practical pilot projects. SEA pilots in Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Belarus helped train specialists and integrate environmental considerations into development strategies and plans.
The PR&G replaces the P&G as the framework for analyzing federal investments in water resources projects and programs. The PR&G applies more broadly across agencies and project types. It requires consideration of economic, environmental and social objectives without a single optimal solution. USDA is developing implementation procedures to guide agency compliance with the PR&G for relevant projects over $10 million and programs over $50 million annually. The procedures will refine planning and analysis processes while excluding most NRCS, FSA and FS programs. Finalization of USDA procedures is expected in the fall.
Sato Chiro: JICA’s Support for Climate Change Adaptation in IndonesiaNAPExpo 2014
JICA has supported Indonesia's efforts to address climate change through 3 main projects:
1) Developing Indonesia's National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation (RAN-API) through establishing committees, drafting the plan, and supporting implementation.
2) Conducting pilot projects to mainstream adaptation into development planning at national and regional levels and integrate it into spatial planning.
3) Supporting pilot adaptation activities in agriculture, irrigation, insurance and communities through assessments, recommendations and capacity building.
Lessons learned include undertaking adaptation using existing government structures, involving stakeholders at all levels, and maintaining flexibility.
Ananda Raj Pokharel and Binita Bhattarai: Learning from local adaptation acti...NAPExpo 2014
The document discusses Nepal's efforts to implement local adaptation plans of action (LAPAs) to build climate resilience. It summarizes Nepal's climate vulnerability and policy framework. It then describes the LAPA process and implementation through the Nepal Climate Change Support Programme. Key lessons identified include the need for strengthening local governance and ensuring prompt service delivery for vulnerable communities. Moving forward, the document recommends creating a National Adaptation Plan and climate fund to harmonize adaptation efforts in Nepal.
Thinley Namgyel, Member of the LEG: Introducing the NAP Process and the NAP ExpoNAPExpo 2014
The document summarizes the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process established by the UNFCCC for developing countries to identify medium- and long-term adaptation needs and develop strategies to address those needs. It describes the NAP process as building upon the experience of Least Developed Countries in preparing National Adaptation Programs of Action. The document outlines the 10 essential functions of the NAP process, including national leadership, assessing vulnerabilities, identifying adaptation options, and monitoring progress. It concludes by describing the objectives of the 2014 NAP Expo in Bonn, Germany to facilitate information exchange on the NAP process and identify gaps to inform further support for national adaptation planning.
EPA HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT A FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED WASTEWATER AND STORMWATER ...U.S. Water Alliance
The document outlines the EPA's framework for an integrated municipal planning approach to address Clean Water Act (CWA) requirements. It discusses principles of maintaining existing standards while allowing municipalities to balance requirements in a cost-effective way. Key elements of integrated plans include assessing water quality issues, existing infrastructure, stakeholder involvement, evaluating alternatives, measuring success, and improving plans over time. The framework is meant to incorporate integrated plans into permits and enforcement to help communities address their most pressing water quality needs in a financially sustainable manner.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Strategic Environment Assessments in Eastern Europe, Caucasus & Central AsiaUNDP Eurasia
This document discusses UNDP's support for applying strategic environmental assessment (SEA) in Eastern Europe, the Caucasus, and Central Asia. It describes several SEA projects UNDP has undertaken in the region. Key lessons learned include that SEA is most effective when integrated into planning processes early, when there is government and stakeholder ownership, and when capacity building includes practical pilot projects. SEA pilots in Ukraine, Azerbaijan, and Belarus helped train specialists and integrate environmental considerations into development strategies and plans.
The PR&G replaces the P&G as the framework for analyzing federal investments in water resources projects and programs. The PR&G applies more broadly across agencies and project types. It requires consideration of economic, environmental and social objectives without a single optimal solution. USDA is developing implementation procedures to guide agency compliance with the PR&G for relevant projects over $10 million and programs over $50 million annually. The procedures will refine planning and analysis processes while excluding most NRCS, FSA and FS programs. Finalization of USDA procedures is expected in the fall.
Sato Chiro: JICA’s Support for Climate Change Adaptation in IndonesiaNAPExpo 2014
JICA has supported Indonesia's efforts to address climate change through 3 main projects:
1) Developing Indonesia's National Action Plan for Climate Change Adaptation (RAN-API) through establishing committees, drafting the plan, and supporting implementation.
2) Conducting pilot projects to mainstream adaptation into development planning at national and regional levels and integrate it into spatial planning.
3) Supporting pilot adaptation activities in agriculture, irrigation, insurance and communities through assessments, recommendations and capacity building.
Lessons learned include undertaking adaptation using existing government structures, involving stakeholders at all levels, and maintaining flexibility.
Ananda Raj Pokharel and Binita Bhattarai: Learning from local adaptation acti...NAPExpo 2014
The document discusses Nepal's efforts to implement local adaptation plans of action (LAPAs) to build climate resilience. It summarizes Nepal's climate vulnerability and policy framework. It then describes the LAPA process and implementation through the Nepal Climate Change Support Programme. Key lessons identified include the need for strengthening local governance and ensuring prompt service delivery for vulnerable communities. Moving forward, the document recommends creating a National Adaptation Plan and climate fund to harmonize adaptation efforts in Nepal.
Thinley Namgyel, Member of the LEG: Introducing the NAP Process and the NAP ExpoNAPExpo 2014
The document summarizes the National Adaptation Plan (NAP) process established by the UNFCCC for developing countries to identify medium- and long-term adaptation needs and develop strategies to address those needs. It describes the NAP process as building upon the experience of Least Developed Countries in preparing National Adaptation Programs of Action. The document outlines the 10 essential functions of the NAP process, including national leadership, assessing vulnerabilities, identifying adaptation options, and monitoring progress. It concludes by describing the objectives of the 2014 NAP Expo in Bonn, Germany to facilitate information exchange on the NAP process and identify gaps to inform further support for national adaptation planning.
EPA HOW DO WE IMPLEMENT A FRAMEWORK FOR INTEGRATED WASTEWATER AND STORMWATER ...U.S. Water Alliance
The document outlines the EPA's framework for an integrated municipal planning approach to address Clean Water Act (CWA) requirements. It discusses principles of maintaining existing standards while allowing municipalities to balance requirements in a cost-effective way. Key elements of integrated plans include assessing water quality issues, existing infrastructure, stakeholder involvement, evaluating alternatives, measuring success, and improving plans over time. The framework is meant to incorporate integrated plans into permits and enforcement to help communities address their most pressing water quality needs in a financially sustainable manner.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
UNECE Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) - An Introductionzubeditufail
The document provides an introduction to the UNECE Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment. It summarizes that the Protocol establishes procedures for evaluating the environmental impacts of plans and programs early in the decision-making process. It requires parties to engage in public participation and consultation with authorities. The objective is to integrate environmental considerations into policies, plans, and programs to promote sustainable development.
Tourism, Climate Change and Adaptation: New South Wales Local Government Resp...deanies_slides
This document summarizes the findings of a survey of 56 local governments in New South Wales, Australia about their responses to planning for the physical impacts of climate change (PICC) and impacts on tourism. The major findings include that local governments perceive high vulnerability to PICC but lack confidence in existing planning measures. Respondents felt councils should do more over the next five years, including risk assessments and collaboration. The implications are that failure to plan for PICC could increase vulnerability and liability, and that improved planning tools are needed to address PICC and tourism impacts through adaptive management.
Integrating climate change risks into planning and budgeting in VetnamExternalEvents
This document summarizes UNDP's efforts to support the integration of climate change adaptation into agriculture sector planning and budgeting in Vietnam. It outlines UNDP's role in making climate change knowledge usable for decision-makers by providing tailored tools and building local capacity. As examples, it describes mapping tools developed for Vietnam that incorporate climate vulnerability into existing planning processes, and how disaster risk reduction tools have been adapted to include climate change analysis. It also discusses the importance of public finance reviews for demonstrating climate-relevant expenditures and raising debates around funding. Key challenges discussed include balancing long-term climate projections with near-term risk management, tailoring tools to different scales, and building on existing government systems.
Integration of adaptation into agriculture sector planning and budgeting in V...UNDP Climate
Jenty Kirsch-Wood, UNDP Viet Nam
Presentation, Recording
· Tools for adaptation decision making should help promote sound risk management (within buffers/margins) not perfectly predict the future
· One size does not fit all. Farmer level tools are generally not helpful to national level planners and vice versa
· Need to be specific: what aspect of climate change are you trying to reflect at what scale
· Need to realistic in expectations: Avoid over-confidence in data. Try to create tools that planners can use to do their job better
· Build on government systems: Stand-alone external processes most likely will not be taken up- even if they are “better” and “more accurate”
· Recognise that everyone is learning: Tools need to evolve over time, and be able to integrate improvements in climate data & methodologies.
· Public expenditure reviews can help make climate change tangible to government
2.1.2 Country approaches in designing the formulation of NAPs - ThailandNAP Events
The document discusses Thailand's experience with designing National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and accessing support from the Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness program. It outlines Thailand's national committee on climate change and linkage between policy/planning and the country's Agriculture Strategic Plan on Climate Change. It also discusses lessons learned from Thailand's NAP process and prioritization, providing an example of integrating agriculture into the NAP. Finally, it presents a hypothetical GCF funding proposal case for a project enhancing climate resilience in Thailand through water management and sustainable agriculture.
This document discusses climate change projections and their role in developing adaptation pathways. It notes that the IPCC provides the scientific basis for climate policies and that climate models at global and regional scales can provide climate change information and projections. It emphasizes that adaptation strategies should consider both current climate variability and potential future climate changes, as the risks may evolve over time. It also highlights lessons from Southeast Asia including the need for coordinated regional guidance, engagement with users, and probabilistic projections of climate extremes.
Benjamin Preston ORNL/IPCC: Adaptation Risk Management NAPExpo 2014
This document discusses assessing and managing climate change risk through adaptation and risk management. It outlines how climate risk is comprised of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Adaptation approaches can range from incremental to transformational depending on the scale of response. Tools and guidance exist to help understand hazards, exposure, and vulnerability through various sources of knowledge and analytical methods. Adaptation options then need to be appraised and prioritized to manage risk, though challenges remain in incorporating climate uncertainty, evaluating adaptation success, and identifying limits to adaptation. Capacity building is also important to support effective national adaptation planning.
The document outlines a stepwise approach to integrated catchment management:
1. Build partnerships with stakeholders and identify issues of concern.
2. Create a shared vision for the healthy, productive water resource.
3. Characterize the catchment through data collection, analysis of pollution sources and risks.
The document discusses indicators for sustainable consumption and production (SCP) that can be used by civil society organizations. It introduces several commonly used indicators, including MIPS (Material Input Per Service unit) and HPI (Happy Planet Index). MIPS measures the natural resources used over a product's lifecycle. HPI measures life satisfaction, life expectancy and ecological footprint to assess countries' sustainability performance. The document outlines strengths and weaknesses of the indicators and suggests actions CSOs can take to promote more sustainable practices and policies using these types of indicators.
This document provides an introduction to national adaptation plans (NAPs), outlining their objectives, essential functions, guiding principles, and guidelines. It also presents a sample process for formulating and implementing NAPs. The objectives of NAPs are to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts and facilitate climate change adaptation integration into policies and programs. The 10 essential functions of NAPs include leadership and coordination, data collection, capacity building, and monitoring and review. Guiding principles emphasize country ownership and an iterative process. Civil society engagement is important at both the national and international levels to integrate community needs and link local to national actions.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): Bangladesh PerspectiveShahadat Hossain Shakil
EIA as an environment management tool has been successful in terms of global awareness rising over the last four decades. Due to its rationalist approach it has been criticised about the inherent aim of influencing development decision and protecting the environment. Numerous researches have been performed to measure the ‘effectiveness of EIA’ which is still evolving as a domain. Four major criteria’s have been established till date. Effectiveness of Bangladesh EIA system has been explored with the help of those criteria’s. Procedural ineffectiveness seeks government measure in a couple areas mainly through institutional arrangement and capacity building. Substantive ineffectiveness reflects the global trend of failure to influence the development decision truly. Transactive effectiveness will be far reaching for a country like Bangladesh, depended on foreign aid largely. Normative effectiveness is still little known, but mass awareness about the environment through the debate regarding an ES report is a recent experience.
2.1.1. Country approaches in designing the formulation of NAPs - BhutanNAP Events
The document summarizes Bhutan's experience preparing its National Adaptation Plan proposal. It outlines the chronology of proposal preparation from 2015-2018. Bhutan's proposal focused on enhancing coordination, technical capacity, vulnerability assessments, and establishing a framework for long-term adaptation planning and implementation monitoring in Bhutan, particularly for the water sector. Key challenges included lack of guidelines, lengthy approval process, and limited resources and capacity. Recommendations include strengthening stakeholder consultation and aligning adaptation efforts with national policies and plans. The proposal establishes a theory of change and outcomes to guide adaptation actions through 2035 as a continuous and iterative national planning process.
UNCDF local NAP supplementary guideline April 2019NAP Events
The document discusses the importance of integrating adaptation actions at the subnational level as highlighted in the Paris Agreement. It argues that the national adaptation plan (NAP) process needs subnational involvement to properly identify and address local adaptation needs, mainstream climate change, and facilitate collaboration. However, local authorities often lack the capacity and financing to effectively contribute. The Local Climate Adaptive Living Facility aims to address this by providing methodological support for local adaptation planning and mainstreaming, and by using performance-based climate resilience grants to support least developed countries in planning and implementing local adaptation investments. The guidelines outline steps for countries to systematically integrate subnational adaptation through activities like assessing climate risks, prioritizing options, building capacity, and monitoring progress. Country
This presentation was delivered as part of ICEM and PACT training course on Strategic Environmental Assessments in the context of energy development in the Greater Mekong Subregion in May 2016.
In the current paper, sustainability assessment framework was designed using a set of multidimensional indicators to assess and monitor eight community-based water projects in four different states in Sudan. The assessment framework consisted of site visits, a systematic secondary information collection, and analysis (SSICA) approach and documents reviews. The sustainability scores were calculated based on weighted sub-indicators analysis system. The study revealed that 40% of the implemented water projects were fairly sustainable although they are considered as young projects (1-4 years age projects). This weak sustainability was mostly related to the poor organizational and financial performance due to poor post-implementation governmental and/or external agencies involvement and support in terms of monitoring, capacity building facilities, and financial support. There is a strong need to develop post implementation stratigies and models and mechanisms to backup community-based water projects technically as well as financially to assure the sustainability and verify the project implementation goals.
UNECE Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) - An Introductionzubeditufail
The document provides an introduction to the UNECE Protocol on Strategic Environmental Assessment. It summarizes that the Protocol establishes procedures for evaluating the environmental impacts of plans and programs early in the decision-making process. It requires parties to engage in public participation and consultation with authorities. The objective is to integrate environmental considerations into policies, plans, and programs to promote sustainable development.
Tourism, Climate Change and Adaptation: New South Wales Local Government Resp...deanies_slides
This document summarizes the findings of a survey of 56 local governments in New South Wales, Australia about their responses to planning for the physical impacts of climate change (PICC) and impacts on tourism. The major findings include that local governments perceive high vulnerability to PICC but lack confidence in existing planning measures. Respondents felt councils should do more over the next five years, including risk assessments and collaboration. The implications are that failure to plan for PICC could increase vulnerability and liability, and that improved planning tools are needed to address PICC and tourism impacts through adaptive management.
Integrating climate change risks into planning and budgeting in VetnamExternalEvents
This document summarizes UNDP's efforts to support the integration of climate change adaptation into agriculture sector planning and budgeting in Vietnam. It outlines UNDP's role in making climate change knowledge usable for decision-makers by providing tailored tools and building local capacity. As examples, it describes mapping tools developed for Vietnam that incorporate climate vulnerability into existing planning processes, and how disaster risk reduction tools have been adapted to include climate change analysis. It also discusses the importance of public finance reviews for demonstrating climate-relevant expenditures and raising debates around funding. Key challenges discussed include balancing long-term climate projections with near-term risk management, tailoring tools to different scales, and building on existing government systems.
Integration of adaptation into agriculture sector planning and budgeting in V...UNDP Climate
Jenty Kirsch-Wood, UNDP Viet Nam
Presentation, Recording
· Tools for adaptation decision making should help promote sound risk management (within buffers/margins) not perfectly predict the future
· One size does not fit all. Farmer level tools are generally not helpful to national level planners and vice versa
· Need to be specific: what aspect of climate change are you trying to reflect at what scale
· Need to realistic in expectations: Avoid over-confidence in data. Try to create tools that planners can use to do their job better
· Build on government systems: Stand-alone external processes most likely will not be taken up- even if they are “better” and “more accurate”
· Recognise that everyone is learning: Tools need to evolve over time, and be able to integrate improvements in climate data & methodologies.
· Public expenditure reviews can help make climate change tangible to government
2.1.2 Country approaches in designing the formulation of NAPs - ThailandNAP Events
The document discusses Thailand's experience with designing National Adaptation Plans (NAPs) and accessing support from the Green Climate Fund (GCF) readiness program. It outlines Thailand's national committee on climate change and linkage between policy/planning and the country's Agriculture Strategic Plan on Climate Change. It also discusses lessons learned from Thailand's NAP process and prioritization, providing an example of integrating agriculture into the NAP. Finally, it presents a hypothetical GCF funding proposal case for a project enhancing climate resilience in Thailand through water management and sustainable agriculture.
This document discusses climate change projections and their role in developing adaptation pathways. It notes that the IPCC provides the scientific basis for climate policies and that climate models at global and regional scales can provide climate change information and projections. It emphasizes that adaptation strategies should consider both current climate variability and potential future climate changes, as the risks may evolve over time. It also highlights lessons from Southeast Asia including the need for coordinated regional guidance, engagement with users, and probabilistic projections of climate extremes.
Benjamin Preston ORNL/IPCC: Adaptation Risk Management NAPExpo 2014
This document discusses assessing and managing climate change risk through adaptation and risk management. It outlines how climate risk is comprised of hazard, exposure, and vulnerability. Adaptation approaches can range from incremental to transformational depending on the scale of response. Tools and guidance exist to help understand hazards, exposure, and vulnerability through various sources of knowledge and analytical methods. Adaptation options then need to be appraised and prioritized to manage risk, though challenges remain in incorporating climate uncertainty, evaluating adaptation success, and identifying limits to adaptation. Capacity building is also important to support effective national adaptation planning.
The document outlines a stepwise approach to integrated catchment management:
1. Build partnerships with stakeholders and identify issues of concern.
2. Create a shared vision for the healthy, productive water resource.
3. Characterize the catchment through data collection, analysis of pollution sources and risks.
The document discusses indicators for sustainable consumption and production (SCP) that can be used by civil society organizations. It introduces several commonly used indicators, including MIPS (Material Input Per Service unit) and HPI (Happy Planet Index). MIPS measures the natural resources used over a product's lifecycle. HPI measures life satisfaction, life expectancy and ecological footprint to assess countries' sustainability performance. The document outlines strengths and weaknesses of the indicators and suggests actions CSOs can take to promote more sustainable practices and policies using these types of indicators.
This document provides an introduction to national adaptation plans (NAPs), outlining their objectives, essential functions, guiding principles, and guidelines. It also presents a sample process for formulating and implementing NAPs. The objectives of NAPs are to reduce vulnerability to climate change impacts and facilitate climate change adaptation integration into policies and programs. The 10 essential functions of NAPs include leadership and coordination, data collection, capacity building, and monitoring and review. Guiding principles emphasize country ownership and an iterative process. Civil society engagement is important at both the national and international levels to integrate community needs and link local to national actions.
This presentation was given as part of the EPA-funded Catchment Science and Management Course focusing on Integrated Catchment Management, held in June 2015. This course was delivered by RPS Consultants. If you have any queries or comments, or wish to use the material in this presentation, please contact catchments@epa.ie
It is increasingly being recognised internationally that integrated catchment management (ICM) is a useful organising framework for tackling the ongoing challenge of balancing sustainable use and development of our natural resource, against achieving environmental goals. The basic principles of ICM (Williams, 2012) are to:
• Take a holistic and integrated approach to the management of land, biodiversity, water and community resources at the water catchment scale;
• Involve communities in planning and managing their landscapes; and
• Find a balance between resource use and resource conservation
ICM is now well established in Australia, New Zealand, and the United States. In Europe the ICM approach has been proposed as being required to achieve effective water and catchment management, and is the approach being promoted by DEFRA for the UK, where it is called the “Catchment Based Approach” (CaBA). The principles and methodologies behind ICM sit well within the context of the Water Framework Directive with its aims and objectives for good water quality, sustainable development and public participation in water resource management. In Ireland it is proposed that the ICM approach will underlie the work and philosophy in developing and implementing future River Basin Management Plans.
Effectiveness of Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA): Bangladesh PerspectiveShahadat Hossain Shakil
EIA as an environment management tool has been successful in terms of global awareness rising over the last four decades. Due to its rationalist approach it has been criticised about the inherent aim of influencing development decision and protecting the environment. Numerous researches have been performed to measure the ‘effectiveness of EIA’ which is still evolving as a domain. Four major criteria’s have been established till date. Effectiveness of Bangladesh EIA system has been explored with the help of those criteria’s. Procedural ineffectiveness seeks government measure in a couple areas mainly through institutional arrangement and capacity building. Substantive ineffectiveness reflects the global trend of failure to influence the development decision truly. Transactive effectiveness will be far reaching for a country like Bangladesh, depended on foreign aid largely. Normative effectiveness is still little known, but mass awareness about the environment through the debate regarding an ES report is a recent experience.
2.1.1. Country approaches in designing the formulation of NAPs - BhutanNAP Events
The document summarizes Bhutan's experience preparing its National Adaptation Plan proposal. It outlines the chronology of proposal preparation from 2015-2018. Bhutan's proposal focused on enhancing coordination, technical capacity, vulnerability assessments, and establishing a framework for long-term adaptation planning and implementation monitoring in Bhutan, particularly for the water sector. Key challenges included lack of guidelines, lengthy approval process, and limited resources and capacity. Recommendations include strengthening stakeholder consultation and aligning adaptation efforts with national policies and plans. The proposal establishes a theory of change and outcomes to guide adaptation actions through 2035 as a continuous and iterative national planning process.
UNCDF local NAP supplementary guideline April 2019NAP Events
The document discusses the importance of integrating adaptation actions at the subnational level as highlighted in the Paris Agreement. It argues that the national adaptation plan (NAP) process needs subnational involvement to properly identify and address local adaptation needs, mainstream climate change, and facilitate collaboration. However, local authorities often lack the capacity and financing to effectively contribute. The Local Climate Adaptive Living Facility aims to address this by providing methodological support for local adaptation planning and mainstreaming, and by using performance-based climate resilience grants to support least developed countries in planning and implementing local adaptation investments. The guidelines outline steps for countries to systematically integrate subnational adaptation through activities like assessing climate risks, prioritizing options, building capacity, and monitoring progress. Country
This presentation was delivered as part of ICEM and PACT training course on Strategic Environmental Assessments in the context of energy development in the Greater Mekong Subregion in May 2016.
In the current paper, sustainability assessment framework was designed using a set of multidimensional indicators to assess and monitor eight community-based water projects in four different states in Sudan. The assessment framework consisted of site visits, a systematic secondary information collection, and analysis (SSICA) approach and documents reviews. The sustainability scores were calculated based on weighted sub-indicators analysis system. The study revealed that 40% of the implemented water projects were fairly sustainable although they are considered as young projects (1-4 years age projects). This weak sustainability was mostly related to the poor organizational and financial performance due to poor post-implementation governmental and/or external agencies involvement and support in terms of monitoring, capacity building facilities, and financial support. There is a strong need to develop post implementation stratigies and models and mechanisms to backup community-based water projects technically as well as financially to assure the sustainability and verify the project implementation goals.
The document summarizes NEMA's efforts to improve environmental data sharing in Uganda. It discusses NEMA's mandate, core values and vision. It outlines the development of key resources including a compendium of environmental statistics, a national action plan for environmental statistics, and a national environmental statistical metadata dictionary. It describes some of NEMA's open data platforms and portals for sharing maps, biodiversity, and environmental impact assessment information. Going forward, it recommends increasing dissemination of reports, developing integrated data systems, strengthening partnerships for data collection and sharing, and creating more awareness of available environmental data.
Project Cycle and the World Bank Environmental and Social Framework (ESF)MamoudBelloAbubakar
The document discusses sustainable development and environmental and social frameworks. It provides an overview of key concepts like the three pillars of sustainability - social, economic, environmental. It also summarizes the World Bank's Environmental and Social Framework (ESF), which replaced earlier safeguard policies and consists of environmental and social standards and directives. There are some gaps between the ESF and Nigeria's national laws around areas like categorization, labor standards, biodiversity conservation, and treatment of indigenous groups. The document analyzes differences between the ESF and Nigeria's Land Use Act regarding compensation for land and assets for projects involving involuntary resettlement.
Going beyond averages: water management, social inequalities, and the fight a...UNESCO Venice Office
Water Family Meeting and Symposium on Water Equity in South-East Europe and the Mediterranean
28-29 March 2019 Palazzo Zorzi, Venice (Italy) -
Carlo Giupponi, Full professor of Ca' Foscari University of Venice, and Dean of Venice International University, Italy
Climate Smart Agriculture Project: using policy and economic analysis as a ba...FAO
The Climate Smart Agriculture Project aims to build evidence-based agricultural strategies and investment frameworks to sustainably increase productivity and incomes, build resilience to climate change, and seek opportunities to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a way that supports national food security and development goals. The project conducts research in three countries to identify climate-smart agricultural practices and policies that achieve synergies across productivity, resilience, and carbon outcomes. Project outputs include an evidence base on best practices, a strategic framework and policy recommendations, and investment proposals to support the adoption of climate-smart agriculture.
This document summarizes SDG 12 on sustainable consumption and production. It begins with an outline covering the conceptual framework of SCP, its history, the targets and indicators of SDG 12, and its linkages to other SDGs. It then provides case studies on SCP policies in Kitakyushu City, Japan and Malaysia. The document identifies key challenges such as the need for government capacity and interagency collaboration. It concludes by highlighting opportunities for SCP like aligning with climate agreements and focusing on areas like the circular economy, sustainable value chains, and behavior change through tailored information.
Mosuoe Letuma, Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and water affairs: Capacity de...NAPExpo 2014
Mosuoe Letuma, Ministry of Energy, Meteorology and water affairs: Capacity development plan for adaptation to climate variability and change in Lesotho
The document discusses the need for an effective environmental indicators system to support decision making around natural resource management in Australia. It proposes that an ideal system would:
1. Integrate indicators within each stage of the decision making process, from identifying problems to evaluating policies and strategies.
2. Aggregate data into indices and indicators to synthesize information at different scales for national, regional, and local planning needs.
3. Allow flexibility in working with indicators across scales using tools like geographical information systems, while validating the system with stakeholders.
The goal is to assess Australia's current system and identify ways to better support the assessment and monitoring of natural resource condition for sustainable development objectives.
A landscape approach to rainwater management in Ethiopia: Nile 5 – coordinat...ILRI
This document summarizes the objectives and approach of the Nile Basin Development Challenge (NBDC) research being conducted in Ethiopia. The research will focus on improving rainwater management systems to alleviate poverty and promote sustainable development. It will examine issues related to rainwater management, crop/livestock production, and minimizing land degradation. The research involves multiple projects focused on learning from past practices, developing integrated rainwater strategies, targeting and scaling innovations, and assessing impacts. It will use a collaborative approach, building partnerships across organizations and sectors to facilitate knowledge sharing and ensure research outcomes benefit communities.
This document summarizes a study on strengthening integrated water resources management (IWRM) planning in African lake and river basin organizations (L/RBOs). The study identified several gaps in IWRM planning processes, including a lack of cooperation and strategic planning. It also found needs such as improving stakeholder participation and developing water resources data systems. The study proposed priority actions that ANBO could take over five years, such as fostering regional policy frameworks, building capacity, and strengthening monitoring and evaluation of IWRM implementation. It concluded with recommendations for ANBO to take a flexible, demand-driven approach and ensure coordination across initiatives supporting African L/RBOs.
The PRESENCES project in Niger aimed to increase the resilience of vulnerable communities to climate shocks and stresses. It did this through three outputs: 1) improved access to and use of climate information, 2) more sustainable and climate-resilient livelihoods, and 3) strengthened governance systems to support equitable natural resource management. The final evaluation assessed results related to learning packages on credit systems and climate information, reviewed changes in resilience indicators, and identified sustainable changes. Key findings include improved food security and reduced use of negative coping strategies, mixed trends in resilience indicators, increased access to and use of climate information, positive effects of credit systems on savings, food security and income, and recommendations to strengthen design, implementation and monitoring of future
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1. MODEL FOR CARRYING OUT STRATEGIC
ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT FOR RIVER
ENGINEERING DEVELOPMENT: CASE STUDY OF
NILE BASIN
Ogaro Lugard Kaunda; Nicodemus Nyandiko; Vincent Omwenga; Zablon N.I. Oonge
September 15, 2017
Paper presented at the 5th Nile Basin Development Forum
Kigali, Rwanda on 23-25 October 2017
2. Background
The Nile Basin countries have united in common pursuit of the
long-term development and management of Nile waters.
Shared Vision - aim to achieve sustainable socio-economic
development through the equitable utilization of, and benefit
from, the common NB water resources.
Multi-sectoral nature and multi-interest utilization of water
resources for water supply and sanitation, agriculture, industry,
urban development, hydropower generation, inland fisheries,
transportation, recreation, low and flat lands management and
other activities.
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3. Background
RE is defined as the process of planned human intervention in the
course, characteristics or flow of a river with the intention of producing
some defined benefit such as, irrigation, hydroelectric power
generation or water supply (Brooker, 1985).
People have intervened in the natural course and behaviour of rivers
since before recorded history; to manage the water resources, to
protect against flooding or to make passage along or across rivers
easier (Brooker, 1985).
From the late 20th century, river engineering has had environmental
concerns broader than immediate human benefit and some river
engineering projects have been concerned exclusively with the
restoration or protection of natural characteristics and habitats
(Brooker, 1985).
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4. The Problem Statement
NBI lacks a strategic frameworks that integrates the three pillars of sustainable
development (i.e.) S, E & N) into at higher levels of decision making, i.e., policy, plan &
programme (PPP).
Though EIA has been widely used project level, it has a limited scope and cannot be
applied at PPP levels.
The BAU scenario will mean that development continues to suffer since there is less
integration of S, E & N issues at strategic planning and decision making levels.
This research argues that the achievement of SD requires, inter alia, a fair balance of S,
E & N factors at PPPs providing for what could usefully be referred in this research as
achieving a ‘Sustainability Equilibrium.’
Main objective: To develop a model for carrying out SEA for River Engineering related PPPs for
the NBCs. The specific objectives were:
1. To develop a model for undertaking SEA in RE Development at PPP levels in the NBCs;
2. To analyse, through case studies, how NBCs have applied SEA in various proposals;
3. To apply the model to test for Sustainability Equilibrium of the selected case studies of SEA
undertaken in the NB.
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5. Methodology: Defining Process Levels
The 5th Nile Basin Development Forum 11/13/2017
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Source Source of the Process Level Process Level(s)
identified
Therivel, et al. (1992)
in Goodland et al.
(1996)
Definition of SEA: As the formalized, systematic and comprehensive process of evaluating
(EVALUATION) the environmental impacts of a policy, plan or programme and its
alternatives (INDICATORS), the preparation of a written report on the findings, and the use
of the findings in publicly-accountable decision-making (PARTICIPATION).
Evaluation
Participation
Indicators
World Bank, (2002). Definition of SEA: As a process of integrating (INTEGRATION) the environmental and
social concerns in the process of developing policies, plans or programmes.
Integration
African Development
Bank
From the AfDB: The impact assessment should envisage, if necessary, mitigating
(MITIGATION) measures and should take into consideration the priorities and concerns of
the local population, by working in close consultation with NGOs and local institutions
(STAKEHOLDERS) at all stages of the project cycle.
Mitigation
Stakeholders
EU SEA process In the EU’s impact-centred SEA, seven stages are identified: SCREENING, SCOPING,
baseline, assessment, reporting, informing decision making (SEA INFLUENCE) and
MONITORING. These SEAs are best fit to integrate environmental considerations in plans
and programmes where environmental effects and opportunities can be reasonably identified
and predicted.
Screening
Scoping
Monitoring
SEA influence
6. Methodology: Definition of Process Levels
Ref: Process Level The Question it should answer
1 Screening Does the screening criterion answer questions on why an SEA is necessary on the basis social, economic and
environmental effects of the PPP?
2 Scoping Shall the SEA set out to investigate and consider social economic and environmental effects of the proposed PPP?
3 Indicators Does the SEA exercise start with setting specific measurable (whether qualitative or quantitative) social, economic
and environmental indicators of the proposed PPP?
4 Stakeholders During stakeholder identification and analysis, does the SEA exercise identify stakeholders (primary, secondary or
tertiary) with social, economic and environmental interests or concerns of the proposed PPP?
5 Evaluation During analysis of an SEA findings (from baseline data or stakeholder concerns), does the SEA use qualitative or
quantitative methods that can analyse social, economic and environmental factors of the proposed PPP?
6 Integration How does an SEA integrate social, economic and environmental aspects? Through iterations, it should provide
sufficient information on the actual impacts of implementing a strategic decision to judge whether this decision
should be amended?
7 Mitigation After analysis of findings (cumulative negative or positive impacts), how does an SEA enhance or develop
mitigation measures in line with social, economic and environmental concerns of the proposed PPP?
8 Monitoring After development of indicators and mitigation plans, how does the SEA identify how to monitor the
implementation of the PPP in line with social, economic and environmental factors?
9 Independent Review After an SEA exercise, was there an independent review done by an outside party who had social, economic and
environmental expertise on the proposed PPP?
10 SEA Influence How did an SEA influence on the PPP? (The reason for undertaking an SEA is because there are concerns identified
in the screening, scoping and stakeholder stages). How does the SEA exercise influence the social, economic and
environment factors in the PPP?
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Table 8: Definition of Process Levels and Details Required
7. Methodology: Two approaches
Otto Theory on sustainable Development: -
both economy and society are constrained
by environmental limits, (Ott, 2003).
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Table 8: Definition of Process Levels and Details Required
Representation of sustainable
development by Forestry Commission of
Great Britain:- a balanced integration of
the three factors
9. Summary of Findings
1. A model for undertaking SEA for RE related PPPs was
developed based on S, E &N factors against 10 PLs;
2. The SEA model is applicable at both at PPP formulation
level as an assessment tool or as an evaluation tool as in
the case of Irrigation Improvement Program in Egypt
3. One out of the five samples of SEAs undertaken in the
NBCs achieved Sustainability Equilibrium Index ≥ 0.8
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10. Findings: Overall Score of SEA based on SEA Model
Sample SEAs Versus the Framework for Sustainability Equilibrium
Sustainability Indicator Variables Sustainability
Equilibrium
SEA Score
𝑉𝑖𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒 = 𝐸 ∩ 𝑁
𝐵𝑒𝑎𝑟𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
= 𝑆 ∩ 𝑁
𝐸𝑞𝑢𝑖𝑡𝑎𝑏𝑙𝑒
= 𝑆 ∩ 𝐸
SEA 1: SEA on BecA Research by ILRI- Biosciences East and Central Africa
0.75 1.00 0.75 0.73
SEA 2: SEA on Kenya Forest Act, 2005 by the World Bank-Kenya
0.89 1.00 0.89 0.83
SEA 3: Social/Strategic and Environmental Assessment Process for
Bujagali Hydropower Project-Uganda
1.00 1.00 1.00 0.70
SEA 4: SEA on Irrigation Modernization-Egypt
0.88 1.00 0.88 0.77
SEA 5: Strategic/Sectoral, Social and Environmental Assessment of Power
Development Options in the NEL Region
1.00 1.00 1.00 0.70
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ESU
11. Findings...Cont’d
Interesting finding was that, one can score 1.0 for all the three factors such as in
SEA 3, the Social/Strategic and Environmental Assessment Process for Bujagali
Hydropower Project-Uganda and in SEA 5, the Strategic/Sectoral, Social and
Environmental Assessment of Power Development Options in the NEL Region,
but still score a Sustainability Equilibrium Index of 0.7 which is less than the set
acceptable Sustainability Equilibrium of 0.8.
The reason for this scenario was simply because there were some PLs which
might have been totally ignored during the undertaking of an SEA exercise.
Reference to the analysis for Social/Strategic and Environmental Assessment
Process for Bujagali Hydropower Project-Uganda, three PLs, (scoping, indicators
and SEA influence) were not considered;
For the case of Strategic/Sectoral, Social and Environmental Assessment of
Power Development Options in the NEL Region, also three PLs (screening,
integration and monitoring) were not considered.
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12. Findings… Cont’d
A more detailed review of the SEA 3, (the Social/Strategic and Environmental
Assessment Process for Bujagali Hydropower Project-Uganda) gives another
dimension of the model on how SEA influence could help inform if the SEA was
intended on informing on policy, plan or programme.
The sample on Bujagali does not depict an SEA but a good EIA report. By
definition and from reference of the hierarchy that exists amongst PPP and project
level EIA, an SEA at policy level (the question of why do something addresses the
need, objectives and principles); at plan level (the questions narrows down to,
what to do that addresses methods and capacities); further down at programme
level (the question is simply on where to do it which addresses issues related to
the location).
The Bujagali SEA does not address any of these questions instead here the
question is simply, “how to do it” which should address the design, minimization
and compensation (that reduces the so called SEA to a project EIA).
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13. Purpose of the Presentation
The study puts more emphasis on the Sustainability Equilibrium Index than the
isolated consideration of S/E, S/N, or N/E relationships which only inform on where
biases within and among variables have been experienced rather than giving a
wholesome sustainability relationship.
It is very important that once the S/E, S/N, or N/E relationships have been
computed, one goes ahead to compute the sustainability equilibrium index. This
shall enable one to query the entire process and hence identify PLs with biases on
any of the three variables (S, E & N factors).
Biases could arise due to the SEA facilitator considering either one or two of the
variables in favour of the other or others at any of the PLs, in this case, the vertical
analysis, based on equations 5(a) to 5(c), has a total score of less than 3 (that is), 2,
1, or 0. Analysis at this level can also inform the facilitator that some PLs have not
taken into consideration the variables equally.
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14. Conclusion and Recommendations
Conclusion – should be based on the research objectives???
The SEA model was applied on sample of five SEAs undertaken within the NBCs to test on their
suitability in meeting requirements of sustainability.
Therefore; a score < 0.8 meant that a number of key PLs were ignored in an SEA exercise.
One out of the five samples of SEAs undertaken in the NBCs achieved Sustainability Equilibrium
Index ≥ 0.8.
The model framework is applicable at both at PPP formulation level in which it is inbuilt into the
process or it can be used as an assessment tool
The model can also be used during post performance stage of the proposed PPP to serve as an
evaluation tool as in the case of Irrigation Improvement Program in Egypt.
Recommendations
To apply the model on any SEA, we recommend the following assumptions:
1. That the PLs have got equal weight; and
2. A sustainable process was achieved when the Sustainability Equilibrium Index was ≥ 0.8;
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15. What should happen next?
From the findings, the final output and the challenges faced, the study gives the
following recommendation:
The threshold for sustainable utilization of Nile Basin water resources can be
investigated and be inbuilt within the framework model. This can be done by
application of conditional probability to establish the risks posed by the present
activities on the future.
The model can be applied on related PPPs as in the case of BecA research
activities and the Kenya Forests Act 2005 as in the samples analysed in this study.
The model can be developed further to be tested on how it performs in situations
where the three pillars of sustainable development (S, E & N) are represented such
that both economy and society are seen to be constrained by environmental
limits, (Ott, 2003).
Because of changing dynamics – bring other pillars in sustainable development –
political, legal
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