Short films are typically used to showcase talent and secure funding for future projects. They are under 40 minutes long. Feature films are over 40 minutes and follow a narrative structure to convey emotions, raise awareness, and educate audiences. Narratives in film tell a story from beginning to end using characters and plot devices to resolve adversity. Plot establishes cause and effect relationships between events that drive the narrative.

1. Formats and purposes
Purposes of a short and feature films
The main purposes of creating a short film is to showcase the talent with each individual from actors to
producers who create these features, short films are generally used to secure funding for future projects
from private investors, production companies or film studios. Short films have a running time of 40 minutes
or less including credits at the end. Short films are can be used by filmmakers to gain experience with
filmmaking, these short films common among the work of film students to grasp an understanding of film
making.
Feature Films are tend to run over 40 minutes, with most features ranging between 75 and 210 minutes
long. Feature films are created follow a structure of storytelling, conveying emotions aspects to the viewers
whilst raising awareness about critical subject areas and to educate the public.

2. Narrative
 Film narrative is a type of film that tells a form of story to the audience,
from begging to end using a certain proposed structure the format.
Characters are typically responsible for cause and effect within the
narrative
 The structure begin from introducing characters, disrupting their lives, and
showing how they overcome adversity to resolve the plot.
 Also known as fictional films, that tell fictionalized events, story's and
narrative.

3. • Bordwell and Thompson
 Bordwell and Thompson narrative form are described as a chain of events
in a cause effect.
 Narrative theory in classical Hollywood cinema
 The narrative theory of Bordwell and Thompson has been studied since
1970s, which mainly focused on protagonists driven narratives
 Narrative theory primarily focuses on the narrative, which is good
considering the narrative drives the film.
 Both are authors of several texts on their specialties, and together have
written a few works including Film Art (textbook)
 Bordwell and Thompson work together and separate to make an easier
understanding of film construction and theory

4. Plot and story
 STORY: an account of events, whether real or fictional, portrayed or
dramatized orally, in writing, in film, or in any other medium.
 PLOT: a story's internal logic of cause & effect, usually best understood
with some reference to major characters' motivations, whether achieved or
thwarted.
As a plot necessarily tells the story tangentially, telling the story well calls for a
careful plot. A plot is often purposefully made more tangential than
necessary. At the very least, this heightens suspense. Yet it can also help
develop the film's theme—the moral of the story, as it were.
‘Story’ is what happens. ‘Plot’ is why it happens, the connective tissue.

5. Why we need narratives
 Narratives are used to convey important messages to the audience, this is
important as this is what engages the audience.
 The purpose of film narration could be in fact to make sure that the
spectator perceives and understands the narrative content as referred by
Bordwell. But then again it may not. A filmmaker could choose to create a
narrative that it is not meant to be completely comprehensible.

6. Structure
 Narrative structure is about story and plot: the content of a story and the form used to
tell the story
 Linear narrative
 Flashbacks are often confused with true narratives which are not linear,
 In film, flashbacks depict the subjective experience of a character by showing a memory
of a previous event and they are often used to "resolve an enigma".
 Nonlinear narrative
 nonlinear narratives are in which the author has chosen to jump around in time, and the
order in which events are portrayed does not correspond to the order in which things
happened. These might also be referred to as disrupted or disjointed narratives. We are
still being told a story, but without the same sense of being told about things as they
happened.

7. Linear narrative and Nonlinear
narrative
 Linear narrative
 Flashbacks are often confused with true narratives which are not linear,
 In film, flashbacks depict the subjective experience of a character by showing a
memory of a previous event and they are often used to "resolve an enigma".
 Nonlinear narrative
 nonlinear narratives are those in which the author has chosen to jump around in
time, and the order in which events are portrayed does not correspond to the order
in which things happened. These might also be referred to as disrupted or disjointed
narratives. We are still being told a story, but without the same sense of being told
about things as they happened.