This document discusses the application of nanotechnology in coating materials. It defines nanotechnology as research and technology development at the atomic, molecular or macromolecular levels between 1-100 nanometers. Some widely used nanoparticles for coatings include carbon nanotubes, titanium oxide, silica, and various metal nanoparticles which provide properties like being hydrophobic, photocatalytic, anti-reflective, and increasing scratch resistance when used as coatings. Examples of applications include using nano-titanium dioxide and silver nanoparticles to create anti-fouling and easy to clean coatings for structures like bridges and churches. While nanotechnology offers benefits, there are also some health and safety risks to consider from nanoparticles.