This paper proposes efficient replacement algorithms for managing bundles or services in home gateways. Memory management has been studied extensively in operating system field. Here two algorithms have been proposed. The first one is an extension of Knapsack problem which finds the optimal solution in a polynomial time. The second one is a heuristic that spans the dependency graph and tries to free the required amount of memory while minimizing the number of terminated services. Memory management for software bundles executed in home gateways differs from traditional memory management techniques. Proposed algorithm is implemented as a part of the framework to provide memory management. The gateway can download the corresponding bundles (that correspond to specific services) when it becomes necessary. The gateway tends to terminate the victim service rather than suspending it.
Real-time monitoring of the prototype design of electric system by the ubido...IJECEIAES
In this paper, a prototype DC electric system was practically designed. The idea of the proposed system was derived from the microgrid concept. The system contained two houses each have a DC generator and load that consists of four 12 V DC lamps. Each house is controlled fully by Arduino UNO microcontroller to work in Island mode or connected it with the second house or main electric network. House operating mode depends on the power generated by its source and the availability of the main network. Under all operating cases, the minimum price of electricity consumption should satisfy as possible. Information between the houses about the operating mode and the main network state was exchanging wirelessly with the help of the RFHC12. This information uploaded to the Ubidots platform by the Wi-FiESP8266 included in the node MCU microcontroller. This platform has several advantages such as capture, visualization, analysis, and management of data. The system was examined for different cases to verify its working by varying the load in each building. All tested states showed that the houses transfer from one mode to another automatically with high reliability and minimum energy cost. The information about the main grid states and the sources of the houses were monitored and stored at the Ubidots platform.
Mining knowledge graphs to map heterogeneous relations between the internet o...IJECEIAES
Patterns for the internet of things (IoT) which represent proven solutions used to solve design problems in the IoT are numerous. Similar to objectoriented design patterns, these IoT patterns contain multiple mutual heterogeneous relationships. However, these pattern relationships are hidden and virtually unidentified in most documents. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques to automatically mine knowledge graphs to map these relationships between several IoT patterns. The end result is a semantic knowledge graph database which outlines patterns as vertices and their relations as edges. We have identified four main relationships between the IoT patterns-a pattern is similar to another pattern if it addresses the same use case problem, a large-scale pattern uses a small- scale pattern in a lower level layer, a large pattern is composed of multiple smaller scale patterns underneath it, and patterns complement and combine with each other to resolve a given use case problem. Our results show some promising prospects towards the use of machine learning techniques to generate an automated repository to organise the IoT patterns, which are usually extracted at various levels of abstraction and granularity.
The design of a smart home controller based on ADALINETELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper proposes a prototype of an improved smart home controller that implements a neural network-based algorithm for enabling the controller to make decisions and act based on the current condition. Unlike previous approaches, this design also utilizes the use of IoT (internet of thing) technology and neural network based-algorithm for developing the controller. Since a smart home is equipped with various sensors, actuators, smart appliances, and mobile terminals, all of these devices need to be connected to the Internet to be able to communicate and provide services for its occupants. The construction of the proposed controller is carried out through several procedures, i.e. the implementation of the ADALINE (adaptive liniear) as the neural network method, the design of the smart home controller prototype, and the validation process using mean average percentage error (MAPE) calculation. This prototype integrates functionalities of several household appliances into one application controlled by a smartphone. ADALINE is applied as an algorithm to predict output when the controller is in automatic mode. Although the obtained accuracy value is still not satisfactory, the value is bound to change when testing on more data. The work published in this paper may encourage the implementation of smart technology in more households in Indonesia.
Internet of things-based photovoltaics parameter monitoring system using Node...IJECEIAES
The use of the internet of things (IoT) in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is a critical feature for remote monitoring, supervising, and performance evaluation. Furthermore, it improves the long-term viability, consistency, efficiency, and system maintenance of energy production. However, previous researchers' proposed PV monitoring systems are relatively complex and expensive. Furthermore, the existing systems do not have any backup data, which means that the acquired data could be lost if the network connection fails. This paper presents a simple and low-cost IoT-based PV parameter monitoring system, with additional backup data stored on a microSD card. A NodeMCU ESP8266 development board is chosen as the main controller because it is a system-on-chip (SOC) microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and low-power support, all in one chip to reduce the cost of the proposed system. The solar irradiance, ambient temperature, PV output voltage and PV output current, are measured with photo-diodes, DHT22, impedance dividers and ACS712. While, the PV output power is a product of the PV voltage and PV current. ThingSpeak, an opensource software, is used as a cloud database and data monitoring tool in the form of interactive graphics. The results showed that the system was designed to be highly accurate, reliable, simple to use, and low-cost.
An IOT Based Low Power Health Monitoring with Active Personal Assistanceijtsrd
Among sensible goals of active and assisted living paradigm is the unobtrusive monitoring of daily living activities. A lot of research has been going on continuous home and personal monitoring applications. There are many solutions were adapted by these technologies to make better remote monitoring applications. The traditional continuous home and personal monitoring systems which are implemented with traditional client server architecture which may fail in factors like low power consumption, un deterministic data delivery time, More sensitive to external connectivity issues temporary failures of servers , adhoc networks using ZigBee and Z wave etc. and also increase the cost of implementation. However, when dealing with the home environment, and especially with older adults, obtrusiveness, usability, and cost concerns are of the utmost relevance for active and assisted Living AAL joint program. With advent of cloud services, the continuous remote monitoring based applications became truly plug and play' approach implementation and also reduce the problems of temporary failures. One of the biggest challenges in this area is to make such application devices work with low power battery based applications . The main drawback comes from the higher power consumption, inherently needed to sustain much higher data rates. In this project, a solution is proposed to improve the low power consumption in Wi Fi sensors by making use of advanced RF based Microprocessor from Texas instruments CC3200 . Bed Occupancy sensor automation has been designed and implemented to test the feasibility of the approach. The TI CC3200 comes with ARM Cortex M4 as a core and inbuilt Wi Fi subsystem. The CC3200 provides different power modes to make the device enter into sleep or hibernate mode. This device will only enter only in work phase when the sensor is active state. During this phase, the processor sample and processes the sensor data and uploads to the cloud using REST API. Thing speak is an IoT cloud service used to present the sensory data as graphs, bar charts, and dashboards on the cloud remaining time it will enter into sleep phase to save the power of the device, so that it will extend the battery life time of the device. B. N. Meenakshi | Mrs. N. V. Durga "An IOT Based Low Power Health Monitoring with Active Personal Assistance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29603.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/29603/an-iot-based-low-power-health-monitoring-with-active-personal-assistance/b-n-meenakshi
Integration of internet of things with wireless sensor networkIJECEIAES
The Internet of things (IoT) is a major source for technology solutions in many industries. The IoT can consider, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) as the backbone network to reduce formation or advent of new technology. Integration of these would reduce the burden and form smart sensor node network with nodes given access to internet. WSN is already a major legacy system that has percolated into many industries. Thus by integration of IoT and WSN no huge paradigm shift is needed for the industries.
Real-time monitoring of the prototype design of electric system by the ubido...IJECEIAES
In this paper, a prototype DC electric system was practically designed. The idea of the proposed system was derived from the microgrid concept. The system contained two houses each have a DC generator and load that consists of four 12 V DC lamps. Each house is controlled fully by Arduino UNO microcontroller to work in Island mode or connected it with the second house or main electric network. House operating mode depends on the power generated by its source and the availability of the main network. Under all operating cases, the minimum price of electricity consumption should satisfy as possible. Information between the houses about the operating mode and the main network state was exchanging wirelessly with the help of the RFHC12. This information uploaded to the Ubidots platform by the Wi-FiESP8266 included in the node MCU microcontroller. This platform has several advantages such as capture, visualization, analysis, and management of data. The system was examined for different cases to verify its working by varying the load in each building. All tested states showed that the houses transfer from one mode to another automatically with high reliability and minimum energy cost. The information about the main grid states and the sources of the houses were monitored and stored at the Ubidots platform.
Mining knowledge graphs to map heterogeneous relations between the internet o...IJECEIAES
Patterns for the internet of things (IoT) which represent proven solutions used to solve design problems in the IoT are numerous. Similar to objectoriented design patterns, these IoT patterns contain multiple mutual heterogeneous relationships. However, these pattern relationships are hidden and virtually unidentified in most documents. In this paper, we use machine learning techniques to automatically mine knowledge graphs to map these relationships between several IoT patterns. The end result is a semantic knowledge graph database which outlines patterns as vertices and their relations as edges. We have identified four main relationships between the IoT patterns-a pattern is similar to another pattern if it addresses the same use case problem, a large-scale pattern uses a small- scale pattern in a lower level layer, a large pattern is composed of multiple smaller scale patterns underneath it, and patterns complement and combine with each other to resolve a given use case problem. Our results show some promising prospects towards the use of machine learning techniques to generate an automated repository to organise the IoT patterns, which are usually extracted at various levels of abstraction and granularity.
The design of a smart home controller based on ADALINETELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
This paper proposes a prototype of an improved smart home controller that implements a neural network-based algorithm for enabling the controller to make decisions and act based on the current condition. Unlike previous approaches, this design also utilizes the use of IoT (internet of thing) technology and neural network based-algorithm for developing the controller. Since a smart home is equipped with various sensors, actuators, smart appliances, and mobile terminals, all of these devices need to be connected to the Internet to be able to communicate and provide services for its occupants. The construction of the proposed controller is carried out through several procedures, i.e. the implementation of the ADALINE (adaptive liniear) as the neural network method, the design of the smart home controller prototype, and the validation process using mean average percentage error (MAPE) calculation. This prototype integrates functionalities of several household appliances into one application controlled by a smartphone. ADALINE is applied as an algorithm to predict output when the controller is in automatic mode. Although the obtained accuracy value is still not satisfactory, the value is bound to change when testing on more data. The work published in this paper may encourage the implementation of smart technology in more households in Indonesia.
Internet of things-based photovoltaics parameter monitoring system using Node...IJECEIAES
The use of the internet of things (IoT) in solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is a critical feature for remote monitoring, supervising, and performance evaluation. Furthermore, it improves the long-term viability, consistency, efficiency, and system maintenance of energy production. However, previous researchers' proposed PV monitoring systems are relatively complex and expensive. Furthermore, the existing systems do not have any backup data, which means that the acquired data could be lost if the network connection fails. This paper presents a simple and low-cost IoT-based PV parameter monitoring system, with additional backup data stored on a microSD card. A NodeMCU ESP8266 development board is chosen as the main controller because it is a system-on-chip (SOC) microcontroller with integrated Wi-Fi and low-power support, all in one chip to reduce the cost of the proposed system. The solar irradiance, ambient temperature, PV output voltage and PV output current, are measured with photo-diodes, DHT22, impedance dividers and ACS712. While, the PV output power is a product of the PV voltage and PV current. ThingSpeak, an opensource software, is used as a cloud database and data monitoring tool in the form of interactive graphics. The results showed that the system was designed to be highly accurate, reliable, simple to use, and low-cost.
An IOT Based Low Power Health Monitoring with Active Personal Assistanceijtsrd
Among sensible goals of active and assisted living paradigm is the unobtrusive monitoring of daily living activities. A lot of research has been going on continuous home and personal monitoring applications. There are many solutions were adapted by these technologies to make better remote monitoring applications. The traditional continuous home and personal monitoring systems which are implemented with traditional client server architecture which may fail in factors like low power consumption, un deterministic data delivery time, More sensitive to external connectivity issues temporary failures of servers , adhoc networks using ZigBee and Z wave etc. and also increase the cost of implementation. However, when dealing with the home environment, and especially with older adults, obtrusiveness, usability, and cost concerns are of the utmost relevance for active and assisted Living AAL joint program. With advent of cloud services, the continuous remote monitoring based applications became truly plug and play' approach implementation and also reduce the problems of temporary failures. One of the biggest challenges in this area is to make such application devices work with low power battery based applications . The main drawback comes from the higher power consumption, inherently needed to sustain much higher data rates. In this project, a solution is proposed to improve the low power consumption in Wi Fi sensors by making use of advanced RF based Microprocessor from Texas instruments CC3200 . Bed Occupancy sensor automation has been designed and implemented to test the feasibility of the approach. The TI CC3200 comes with ARM Cortex M4 as a core and inbuilt Wi Fi subsystem. The CC3200 provides different power modes to make the device enter into sleep or hibernate mode. This device will only enter only in work phase when the sensor is active state. During this phase, the processor sample and processes the sensor data and uploads to the cloud using REST API. Thing speak is an IoT cloud service used to present the sensory data as graphs, bar charts, and dashboards on the cloud remaining time it will enter into sleep phase to save the power of the device, so that it will extend the battery life time of the device. B. N. Meenakshi | Mrs. N. V. Durga "An IOT Based Low Power Health Monitoring with Active Personal Assistance" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-1 , December 2019, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd29603.pdfPaper URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/engineering/electronics-and-communication-engineering/29603/an-iot-based-low-power-health-monitoring-with-active-personal-assistance/b-n-meenakshi
Integration of internet of things with wireless sensor networkIJECEIAES
The Internet of things (IoT) is a major source for technology solutions in many industries. The IoT can consider, Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) as the backbone network to reduce formation or advent of new technology. Integration of these would reduce the burden and form smart sensor node network with nodes given access to internet. WSN is already a major legacy system that has percolated into many industries. Thus by integration of IoT and WSN no huge paradigm shift is needed for the industries.
UDP Pervasive Protocol Implementation for Smart Home Environment on MyRIO usi...IJECEIAES
Smart Home concept is to connect several devices to perform control and the device to be controlled to help any human needs. So it should have one device being Host and several devices being Client. The environment in this case is a home that there is too much technology that planted technologies that has much influence at human activities is called pervasive computing. The device communication should be has a protocol, at the research used UDP protocol because it doesn't need to negotiate before performing communication like a TCP. With UDP behavior did not use to validate at every send or deliver data because at Smart Home environment doesn't need a large or big data being processed. LabView used at this research based on previous research, but MyRIO has used this research to perform Client and Host performed by PC. So it can measure how usable the design that created. This research proves that LabView and MyRIO successfully implemented with the design that created to perform Pervasive Computing for Smart Home environment. Functional testing scenario conducted by every condition that on system environment, based on design all testing scenario successfully and working as well as expected.
30 9137 e implementation of cloud connected smart plug (edit lafi)IAESIJEECS
Internet of Things (IoT) is the expansion of web administrations. Employments of new advancements in IoT condition are expanding quickly. A Smart Home is additionally one of the uses of IoT. A Smart Switchboard constrains customer’s execution in watching home settings and controlling home machines. This paper shows an approach to manage the progression of Smart Home applications by consolidating IoT with Web server and Cloud organize. The approach concentrates on: (1) implanting insight into sensors utilizing Energia stage [7]; (2) Creating collaborations with brilliant things utilizing Blynk-Cloud stage; (3) expanding information trade proficiency. At the point when these family unit gadgets in brilliant homes interface with the web utilizing legitimate design, then entire framework can be called as Smart Home in IoT condition or IoT based Smart Homes. Keen Homes contains family unit gadgets/home apparatuses could screen and control remotely. In addition, we execute three cases to show the approach's possibility and productivity, i.e., measuring home conditions, observing electrical machines, and controlling home robotization.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Multi-objective NSGA-II based community detection using dynamical evolution s...IJECEIAES
Community detection is becoming a highly demanded topic in social networking-based applications. It involves finding the maximum intraconnected and minimum inter-connected sub-graphs in given social networks. Many approaches have been developed for community’s detection and less of them have focused on the dynamical aspect of the social network. The decision of the community has to consider the pattern of changes in the social network and to be smooth enough. This is to enable smooth operation for other community detection dependent application. Unlike dynamical community detection Algorithms, this article presents a non-dominated aware searching Algorithm designated as non-dominated sorting based community detection with dynamical awareness (NDS-CD-DA). The Algorithm uses a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm NSGA-II with two objectives: modularity and normalized mutual information (NMI). Experimental results on synthetic networks and real-world social network datasets have been compared with classical genetic with a single objective and has been shown to provide superiority in terms of the domination as well as the convergence. NDS-CD-DA has accomplished a domination percentage of 100% over dynamic evolutionary community searching DECS for almost all iterations.
Internet of Things: Surveys for Measuring Human Activities from Everywhere IJECEIAES
The internet of things (IoT), also called internet of all, is a new paradigm that combines several technologies such as computers, the internet, sensors network, radio frequency identification (RFID), communication technology and embedded systems to form a system that links the real worlds with digital worlds. With an increase in the deployment of smart objects, the internet of things should have a significant impact on human life in the near future. To understand the development of the IoT, this paper reviews the current research of the IoT, key technologies, the main applications of the IoT in various fields, and identifies research challenges. A main contribution of this review article is that it summarizes the current state of the IoT technology in several areas, and also the applications of IoT that cause side effects on our environment for monitoring and evaluation of the impact of human activity on the environment around us, and also provided an overview of some of the main challenges and application of IoT. This article presents not only the problems and challenges of IoT, but also solutions that help overcome some of the problems and challenges.
Design and implementation of internet of things-based electrical monitoring s...journalBEEI
Many modern monitoring and controlling projects such as systems in factories, home, and other used the internet of things (IoT). These devices perform self-functions without requiring manual intervention in order to improve convenience and safety. Electrical networks are one of the most important areas in which IoT systems can control, monitor, detect, and alarm for faultier, because detecting faults, monitoring network data, and finding the best solutions in a smaller duration of time to improve the efficiency and reliability of electrical networks. This paper proposes a system on the basis of a wireless sensor network (WSN). This system monitors and controls a variety of electrical and environmental variables, including power consumption, weather temperature, humidity, flame, lighting, and detection cut in the cable in electrical poles. Each sensor is a node and is connected to a microcontroller board separately. The data collected by these sensors is display and monitored on a web page and saved in a local server's database, this site was created with a variety of web programming languages. The system was developed using a free global domain. The website having a database for storing real-time sensor information.
RPL AND COAP PROTOCOLS, EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS FOR IOT: A CASE STUDYijasuc
Internet of Things(IoT) in recent days playing a vital role in networking related applications. However,
there are several protocols available for building IoT applications, but RPL and CoAP are important
protocols.There is a customized protocol requirement for specific IoT applications, while working on
specific research problems. Further, adequate platforms are required to evaluate the performance of these
protocols. These platforms need to be configured for the protocol, which is very crucial and timeconsuming task. At present, there is no collective and precise information available to carry out this work.
This paper discusses two different open source platforms available for IoT. Also,various IoT research ideas
need to design of IoT protocols. A few IoT communication technologies are mentioned in the paper. The
detail analysis of, two common protocols, namely Routing Protocol for Low-Power Lossy Networks (RPL)
and Constrained Application layer protocol (CoAP) is carried out with respect to latency delay and packet
delivery ratio. The results, discussion and conclusion presented in this paper are useful for researchers,
who are interested to work with IoT protocols and standards
In today’s emerging world of Internet, each and every thing is supposed to be in connected mode with the help of billions of smart devices. By connecting all the devises used in our day to day life, make our life trouble less and easy. We are incorporated in a world where we are used to have smart phones, smart cars, smart gadgets, smart homes and smart cities. Different institutes and researchers are working for creating a smart world for us but real question which we need to emphasis on is how to make dumb devises talk with uncommon hardware and communication technology. For the same what kind of mechanism to use with various protocols and less human interaction. The purpose is to provide the key area for application of IoT and a platform on which various devices having different mechanism and protocols can communicate with an integrated architecture.
Abstract: Android based E-home is an application of embedded system which integrates Android operating system, Arduino controller and GSM for the implementation of Smart Home. Any Android device can act as a transmitting device. The user can control any appliance through an user friendly mobile application built in Android platform. A unique code for controlling each appliance installed with the system is assigned in the program and it is transmitted from the Android phone to the CPU installed in receiver, through the application, as Text messages. The GSM receiver in the CPU receives the text messages from the transmitting device and transfers it to the controller. The Controller decodes the message based on the decoding algorithm stated in the program and based on the command from the user; the controller sends signals to the switching circuitry. The Switching circuitry is the device which is in direct contact with the home appliances through wires and it controls the devices connected to it. Thus, by controlling the Switching circuitry, it is possible to control the various devices. Backward communication is also enabled when an event occurs in the mechanical switch. In this case, the GSM shield acts as a transmitter and sends a message to the user. Thus, ‘Android based E-Home’ provides a cost efficient, long range solution for the implementation of a smart home using less complex circuits and also provides an user friendly environment through the android app. There is no need for an extra hardware as the Android smart phone itself acts as a transmitter which in turn contributes to the cost efficiency, ease of access and efficient operation of the system.
A Survey Report on : Security & Challenges in Internet of Thingsijsrd.com
In the era of computing technology, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are now popular in each and every domains like e-governance, e-Health, e-Home, e-Commerce, and e-Trafficking etc. Iot is spreading from small to large applications in all fields like Smart Cities, Smart Grids, Smart Transportation. As on one side IoT provide facilities and services for the society. On the other hand, IoT security is also a crucial issues.IoT security is an area which totally concerned for giving security to connected devices and networks in the IoT .As, IoT is vast area with usability, performance, security, and reliability as a major challenges in it. The growth of the IoT is exponentially increases as driven by market pressures, which proportionally increases the security threats involved in IoT The relationship between the security and billions of devices connecting to the Internet cannot be described with existing mathematical methods. In this paper, we explore the opportunities possible in the IoT with security threats and challenges associated with it.
Internet of Things - Paradigm Shift of Future Internet Application for Specia...ijsrd.com
In the world more than 15% people are living with disability that also include children below age of 10 years. Due to lack of independent support services specially abled (handicap) people overly rely on other people for their basic needs, that excludes them from being financially and socially active. The Internet of Things (IoT) can give support system and a better quality of life as well as participation in routine and day to day life. For this purpose, the future solutions for current problems has been introduced in this paper. Daunting challenges have been considered as future research and glimpse of the IoT for specially abled person is given in the paper.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF BARCODE AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY ON...IAEME Publication
Bar-code technology has now widespread that many customers take it for granted as this technology continues to offer infinite benefits in a wide extent of businesses. The theoretical frame work is intended to gain responses with maximum users about automation and optimization of production using Barcode and RFID; since there is a limited user of RFID, the researcher was supposed to go with barcode users only. This study observed the importance and implementation of Barcode in manufacturing industries, how it works and appreciates productivity, its influence over the manufacturing chain and about its integration among the different units and frames of this sector
OFFLINE HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURE RECOGNITION USING EDGE HINGE AND EDGE EXTRACTIO...IAEME Publication
In this paper, another way to deal with distinguish, the issue that emerges in offiline manually written signature recongition as been examined. As opposed to numerous current framework, an endeavor made utilizing Edgehinge and Edge Extraction method. To finish this assignment, as an initial step the mark test is preprocessed and standardized to perform content distinguishing proof effectively. The second step removing the data and educational components occured amid this period. At long last the Signature Sampleization decission was done in view of Data Acquisition and Preprocessing, Feature extraction. Edgehinge dissemination is an element that describes the adjustments in heading of a script stroke in the specimen of signature. The edgehinge appropriation is extricated by method for a windowpane that is slid over an edge-identified double picture. At whatever point the mid pixel of the window is on, the two edge pieces (i.e. associated arrangements of pixels) rising up out of this mid pixel are measured. Their headings are measured and put away as sets. A joint likelihood appropriation is acquired from an expansive specimen of such matches. Regardless of ceaseless exertion, offiline signature recognizable proof remains a testing issue, because of various methodologies use distinctive assortments of elements, having diverse. Subsequently, our study will concentrate on acknowledgment in light of highlight determination to rearrange highlights removing assignment, enhance Signature Sampleization framework many-sided quality, lessen running time and enhance the order precision.
The main aim of branding is to make the customers of that product learn to associate with the value created by a particular product. All over the world, humans are drowning in data and information. As information and our collective intelligence becomes more automated in the goo of the internet, human beings will value more of what cannot be automated- emotion, imagination, connection and engagement. Brands will live and die on the ability of their stories and meanings to deliver what is highly valued by the marketplace.
UDP Pervasive Protocol Implementation for Smart Home Environment on MyRIO usi...IJECEIAES
Smart Home concept is to connect several devices to perform control and the device to be controlled to help any human needs. So it should have one device being Host and several devices being Client. The environment in this case is a home that there is too much technology that planted technologies that has much influence at human activities is called pervasive computing. The device communication should be has a protocol, at the research used UDP protocol because it doesn't need to negotiate before performing communication like a TCP. With UDP behavior did not use to validate at every send or deliver data because at Smart Home environment doesn't need a large or big data being processed. LabView used at this research based on previous research, but MyRIO has used this research to perform Client and Host performed by PC. So it can measure how usable the design that created. This research proves that LabView and MyRIO successfully implemented with the design that created to perform Pervasive Computing for Smart Home environment. Functional testing scenario conducted by every condition that on system environment, based on design all testing scenario successfully and working as well as expected.
30 9137 e implementation of cloud connected smart plug (edit lafi)IAESIJEECS
Internet of Things (IoT) is the expansion of web administrations. Employments of new advancements in IoT condition are expanding quickly. A Smart Home is additionally one of the uses of IoT. A Smart Switchboard constrains customer’s execution in watching home settings and controlling home machines. This paper shows an approach to manage the progression of Smart Home applications by consolidating IoT with Web server and Cloud organize. The approach concentrates on: (1) implanting insight into sensors utilizing Energia stage [7]; (2) Creating collaborations with brilliant things utilizing Blynk-Cloud stage; (3) expanding information trade proficiency. At the point when these family unit gadgets in brilliant homes interface with the web utilizing legitimate design, then entire framework can be called as Smart Home in IoT condition or IoT based Smart Homes. Keen Homes contains family unit gadgets/home apparatuses could screen and control remotely. In addition, we execute three cases to show the approach's possibility and productivity, i.e., measuring home conditions, observing electrical machines, and controlling home robotization.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Multi-objective NSGA-II based community detection using dynamical evolution s...IJECEIAES
Community detection is becoming a highly demanded topic in social networking-based applications. It involves finding the maximum intraconnected and minimum inter-connected sub-graphs in given social networks. Many approaches have been developed for community’s detection and less of them have focused on the dynamical aspect of the social network. The decision of the community has to consider the pattern of changes in the social network and to be smooth enough. This is to enable smooth operation for other community detection dependent application. Unlike dynamical community detection Algorithms, this article presents a non-dominated aware searching Algorithm designated as non-dominated sorting based community detection with dynamical awareness (NDS-CD-DA). The Algorithm uses a non-dominated sorting genetic algorithm NSGA-II with two objectives: modularity and normalized mutual information (NMI). Experimental results on synthetic networks and real-world social network datasets have been compared with classical genetic with a single objective and has been shown to provide superiority in terms of the domination as well as the convergence. NDS-CD-DA has accomplished a domination percentage of 100% over dynamic evolutionary community searching DECS for almost all iterations.
Internet of Things: Surveys for Measuring Human Activities from Everywhere IJECEIAES
The internet of things (IoT), also called internet of all, is a new paradigm that combines several technologies such as computers, the internet, sensors network, radio frequency identification (RFID), communication technology and embedded systems to form a system that links the real worlds with digital worlds. With an increase in the deployment of smart objects, the internet of things should have a significant impact on human life in the near future. To understand the development of the IoT, this paper reviews the current research of the IoT, key technologies, the main applications of the IoT in various fields, and identifies research challenges. A main contribution of this review article is that it summarizes the current state of the IoT technology in several areas, and also the applications of IoT that cause side effects on our environment for monitoring and evaluation of the impact of human activity on the environment around us, and also provided an overview of some of the main challenges and application of IoT. This article presents not only the problems and challenges of IoT, but also solutions that help overcome some of the problems and challenges.
Design and implementation of internet of things-based electrical monitoring s...journalBEEI
Many modern monitoring and controlling projects such as systems in factories, home, and other used the internet of things (IoT). These devices perform self-functions without requiring manual intervention in order to improve convenience and safety. Electrical networks are one of the most important areas in which IoT systems can control, monitor, detect, and alarm for faultier, because detecting faults, monitoring network data, and finding the best solutions in a smaller duration of time to improve the efficiency and reliability of electrical networks. This paper proposes a system on the basis of a wireless sensor network (WSN). This system monitors and controls a variety of electrical and environmental variables, including power consumption, weather temperature, humidity, flame, lighting, and detection cut in the cable in electrical poles. Each sensor is a node and is connected to a microcontroller board separately. The data collected by these sensors is display and monitored on a web page and saved in a local server's database, this site was created with a variety of web programming languages. The system was developed using a free global domain. The website having a database for storing real-time sensor information.
RPL AND COAP PROTOCOLS, EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS FOR IOT: A CASE STUDYijasuc
Internet of Things(IoT) in recent days playing a vital role in networking related applications. However,
there are several protocols available for building IoT applications, but RPL and CoAP are important
protocols.There is a customized protocol requirement for specific IoT applications, while working on
specific research problems. Further, adequate platforms are required to evaluate the performance of these
protocols. These platforms need to be configured for the protocol, which is very crucial and timeconsuming task. At present, there is no collective and precise information available to carry out this work.
This paper discusses two different open source platforms available for IoT. Also,various IoT research ideas
need to design of IoT protocols. A few IoT communication technologies are mentioned in the paper. The
detail analysis of, two common protocols, namely Routing Protocol for Low-Power Lossy Networks (RPL)
and Constrained Application layer protocol (CoAP) is carried out with respect to latency delay and packet
delivery ratio. The results, discussion and conclusion presented in this paper are useful for researchers,
who are interested to work with IoT protocols and standards
In today’s emerging world of Internet, each and every thing is supposed to be in connected mode with the help of billions of smart devices. By connecting all the devises used in our day to day life, make our life trouble less and easy. We are incorporated in a world where we are used to have smart phones, smart cars, smart gadgets, smart homes and smart cities. Different institutes and researchers are working for creating a smart world for us but real question which we need to emphasis on is how to make dumb devises talk with uncommon hardware and communication technology. For the same what kind of mechanism to use with various protocols and less human interaction. The purpose is to provide the key area for application of IoT and a platform on which various devices having different mechanism and protocols can communicate with an integrated architecture.
Abstract: Android based E-home is an application of embedded system which integrates Android operating system, Arduino controller and GSM for the implementation of Smart Home. Any Android device can act as a transmitting device. The user can control any appliance through an user friendly mobile application built in Android platform. A unique code for controlling each appliance installed with the system is assigned in the program and it is transmitted from the Android phone to the CPU installed in receiver, through the application, as Text messages. The GSM receiver in the CPU receives the text messages from the transmitting device and transfers it to the controller. The Controller decodes the message based on the decoding algorithm stated in the program and based on the command from the user; the controller sends signals to the switching circuitry. The Switching circuitry is the device which is in direct contact with the home appliances through wires and it controls the devices connected to it. Thus, by controlling the Switching circuitry, it is possible to control the various devices. Backward communication is also enabled when an event occurs in the mechanical switch. In this case, the GSM shield acts as a transmitter and sends a message to the user. Thus, ‘Android based E-Home’ provides a cost efficient, long range solution for the implementation of a smart home using less complex circuits and also provides an user friendly environment through the android app. There is no need for an extra hardware as the Android smart phone itself acts as a transmitter which in turn contributes to the cost efficiency, ease of access and efficient operation of the system.
A Survey Report on : Security & Challenges in Internet of Thingsijsrd.com
In the era of computing technology, Internet of Things (IoT) devices are now popular in each and every domains like e-governance, e-Health, e-Home, e-Commerce, and e-Trafficking etc. Iot is spreading from small to large applications in all fields like Smart Cities, Smart Grids, Smart Transportation. As on one side IoT provide facilities and services for the society. On the other hand, IoT security is also a crucial issues.IoT security is an area which totally concerned for giving security to connected devices and networks in the IoT .As, IoT is vast area with usability, performance, security, and reliability as a major challenges in it. The growth of the IoT is exponentially increases as driven by market pressures, which proportionally increases the security threats involved in IoT The relationship between the security and billions of devices connecting to the Internet cannot be described with existing mathematical methods. In this paper, we explore the opportunities possible in the IoT with security threats and challenges associated with it.
Internet of Things - Paradigm Shift of Future Internet Application for Specia...ijsrd.com
In the world more than 15% people are living with disability that also include children below age of 10 years. Due to lack of independent support services specially abled (handicap) people overly rely on other people for their basic needs, that excludes them from being financially and socially active. The Internet of Things (IoT) can give support system and a better quality of life as well as participation in routine and day to day life. For this purpose, the future solutions for current problems has been introduced in this paper. Daunting challenges have been considered as future research and glimpse of the IoT for specially abled person is given in the paper.
A STUDY ON IMPACT OF BARCODE AND RADIO FREQUENCY IDENTIFICATION TECHNOLOGY ON...IAEME Publication
Bar-code technology has now widespread that many customers take it for granted as this technology continues to offer infinite benefits in a wide extent of businesses. The theoretical frame work is intended to gain responses with maximum users about automation and optimization of production using Barcode and RFID; since there is a limited user of RFID, the researcher was supposed to go with barcode users only. This study observed the importance and implementation of Barcode in manufacturing industries, how it works and appreciates productivity, its influence over the manufacturing chain and about its integration among the different units and frames of this sector
OFFLINE HANDWRITTEN SIGNATURE RECOGNITION USING EDGE HINGE AND EDGE EXTRACTIO...IAEME Publication
In this paper, another way to deal with distinguish, the issue that emerges in offiline manually written signature recongition as been examined. As opposed to numerous current framework, an endeavor made utilizing Edgehinge and Edge Extraction method. To finish this assignment, as an initial step the mark test is preprocessed and standardized to perform content distinguishing proof effectively. The second step removing the data and educational components occured amid this period. At long last the Signature Sampleization decission was done in view of Data Acquisition and Preprocessing, Feature extraction. Edgehinge dissemination is an element that describes the adjustments in heading of a script stroke in the specimen of signature. The edgehinge appropriation is extricated by method for a windowpane that is slid over an edge-identified double picture. At whatever point the mid pixel of the window is on, the two edge pieces (i.e. associated arrangements of pixels) rising up out of this mid pixel are measured. Their headings are measured and put away as sets. A joint likelihood appropriation is acquired from an expansive specimen of such matches. Regardless of ceaseless exertion, offiline signature recognizable proof remains a testing issue, because of various methodologies use distinctive assortments of elements, having diverse. Subsequently, our study will concentrate on acknowledgment in light of highlight determination to rearrange highlights removing assignment, enhance Signature Sampleization framework many-sided quality, lessen running time and enhance the order precision.
The main aim of branding is to make the customers of that product learn to associate with the value created by a particular product. All over the world, humans are drowning in data and information. As information and our collective intelligence becomes more automated in the goo of the internet, human beings will value more of what cannot be automated- emotion, imagination, connection and engagement. Brands will live and die on the ability of their stories and meanings to deliver what is highly valued by the marketplace.
There is always a way to measure content marketing impacts if you plan ahead.... Platforms like Majestic, BuzzSumo, CoverageBook, SEOMonitor, Google Analytics and Google Search Console can help you measure.
EFFECTIVE RESOURCE SHARING WITH UNIVERSAL BASE-BAND PROCESSING TECHNOLOGY SUP...IAEME Publication
In our paper, SRAN (single radio access network technology) supports multi-band and multi-mode communication for mobile users. In this, we address the signaling impact results of various mobile bands and its spectrum utilization, resource utilization for high speed and its reduced latency model. We deployed this architecture of network using reduced space capacity and increased network resource utilization. Achievements made by simplicity of baseband board technology. This introduces an optimization problem involving a trade-off between the number of additional bands that are required and the costs of moving through the mobile field for the purpose of spectrum usage. The Basic idea is to achieve 2G, 3G and LTE communication using a single multi-band rectangular antenna. The method proposed guarantee that no further delay or latency of the network can occur during the restoration. It considers about the energy consumption and the remaining energy of base station as well as quality of links to find energy-efficient and reliable routes that increase the operational lifetime of the network. Quality of Service of the communication network is also improved in rural or hilly regions. From this, we will analyze the multimode concurrency and conclude the performance of different bands. The performance can be shown in graphical model.
INNER SELF-IMPROVEMENT PROGRAMS: PATHWAY TO GAIN INDEPENDENCE FROM THE DEPEND...IAEME Publication
Background - It is the movement of highly skilled and qualified people towards a country where they can work in better conditions and earn more money. It is also termed as “human capital flight” because it resembles the case of capital flight.
Objectives – The objective of the study is to analyze the causes and effects of brain drain of Nepalese students.
Methodology – Due to the specific nature of the research objectives, descriptive cum analytical research design has been used.
Findings – Brain drain is a serious problem in Nepal. It creates both a positive effect and a negative effect directly or indirectly in the economic development of the country.
VESTIGATION OF DYNAMIC INVOLVED IN DETERMINATION OF CAPITAL STRUCTURE OF KARU...IAEME Publication
An appropriate capital structure is a critical decision for any business organization to be taken
by business organization for maximization of shareholders wealth and sustained growth. The main
objectives this study was investigating the determinants of capital structure of the selected private
Bank in India. Thus, the major focus of this study was to investigate empirically firm specific factors
such as, Size, Tangibility, Profitability, Dividend Payout Ratio, Taxation, and Risk. In this study, only
secondary data was used. The data collected from the annual report published by the Bank.
Innovation is a wellspring of growth (Romer, P.M. 1987). Although innovation itself is a
continuous process for producing new ideas, productions, services and tools, conducting
innovation is highly environment-dependent or platform-dependent (Ping Lan, 2004). The rapid
development of information technology forces environments to change at a great speed that also
makes great changes to innovation itself in the digital-business environment. Given this
background, this paper is an attempt at examining the great changes to innovation brought by
information and technology, especially the Internet. Therefore, we put forward a new innovation
platform: E-innovation. In this paper, we discuss the definition, management, application of Einnovation;
we provide a five-D architectural framework of E-innovation; we also present an
example on the application of E-innovation and drive recommendation for E-innovation based on
research available.
COMPARATIVE STUDY OF DISTRIBUTED FREQUENT PATTERN MINING ALGORITHMS FOR BIG S...IAEME Publication
Association rule mining plays an important role in decision support system. Nowadays in the era of internet, various online marketing sites and social networking sites are generating enormous amount of structural/semi structural data in the form of sales data, tweets, emails, web pages and so on. This online generated data is too large that it becomes very complex to process and analyze it using traditional systems which consumes more time. This paper overcomes the main memory bottleneck in single computing system. There are two major goals of this paper. In this paper, big sales dataset of AMUL dairy is preprocessed using Hadoop Map Reduce that convert it into the transactional dataset. Then, after removing the null transactions; distributed frequent pattern mining algorithm MR-DARM (Map Reduce based Distributed Association Rule Mining) is used to find most frequent item set. Finally, strong association rules are generated from frequent item sets. The paper also compares the time efficiency of MR-DARM algorithm with existing Count Distributed Algorithm (CDA) and Fast Distributed Mining (FDM) distributed frequent pattern mining algorithms. The compared algorithms are presented together with experimental results that lead to the final conclusions.
AN INSIGHT INTO ATOMIC DIMENSION OF PERSONALITY AND STRESS MANAGEMENTIAEME Publication
In the contemporary business and management world, the meaning and scope of organizations have a broader meaning. Every type of organizations have their own challenges and stress factors. Similarly stress management dimensions require new outlook in the organization and organization behavior. During stress the coordination between the mind and body get unaligned. This article focuses on an atomic outlook of personality and stress handling methods.
The soap based mechanism for home environment using web services ecij
Recent advancements in smart home systems have increased the utilization of consumer devices and appliances in home environment. However, many of these devices and appliances exhibit certain degree of heterogeneity and do not adapt towards joint execution of operation. Hence, it is rather difficult to perform interoperation especially to realize desired services preferred by home users. In this paper, we propose a new intelligent interoperability framework for smart home systems execution as well as coordinating them in a federated manner. The framework core is based on Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) technology that provides platform independent interoperation among heterogeneous
systems. We have implemented the interoperability framework with several home devices to demonstrate
their effectiveness for interoperation. The performance of the framework was tested in Local Area Network(LAN) environment and proves to be reliable in smart home setting1.
THE SOAP BASED MECHANISM FOR HOME ENVIRONMENT USING WEB SERVICES ecij
Recent advancements in smart home systems have increased the utilization of consumer devices and appliances in home environment. However, many of these devices and appliances exhibit certain degree of heterogeneity and do not adapt towards joint execution of operation. Hence, it is rather difficult to perform interoperation especially to realize desired services preferred by home users. In this paper, we propose a new intelligent interoperability framework for smart home systems execution as well as coordinating them in a federated manner. The framework core is based on Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP) technology that provides platform independent interoperation among heterogeneous systems. We have implemented the interoperability framework with several home devices to demonstrate their effectiveness for interoperation. The performance of the framework was tested in Local Area Network (LAN) environment and proves to be reliable in smart home setting1.
Energy Conservation in a Smart Home via an Embedded PlatformEditor IJCATR
Home automation is a popular field of application which combines the concepts of embedded systems and pervasive
computing to control a living space for modern times. A smart home system aims to free up the user to carry out his or her daily tasks
without worrying on the trivial aspects of personal home management, while at the same time providing the user with more control of
the home than ever before. The implementation comprises of a large number of sensors which can be used to control or monitor
objects distributed in three-dimensional space around the house. The sensors can be specialized in measuring temperature, humidity,
pressure, light, noise, dust air, and upon intelligently computed triggers, compel the system to perform a specific task, or a set of tasks.
In this project, a solution to transform a normal house into a smart, autonomous house in order to reduce the energy consumption of
the household is proposed. This can be realized with the help of wired sensor networks where we control and interface with electronic
appliances via a Raspberry Pi, an embedded development platform. The embedded platform can be controlled remotely to turn
switches on and off, and eventually aims to become as autonomous as possible via the help of a Bayesian Network. The base workings
of the project are aimed at being as scalable as possible, to be able to potentially fit into industrial as well as office environments in the
future.
Virtual Machine Allocation Policy in Cloud Computing Environment using CloudSim IJECEIAES
Cloud computing has been widely accepted by the researchers for the web applications. During the past years, distributed computing replaced the centralized computing and finally turned towards the cloud computing. One can see lots of applications of cloud computing like online sale and purchase, social networking web pages, country wide virtual classes, digital libraries, sharing of pathological research labs, supercomputing and many more. Creating and allocating VMs to applications use virtualization concept. Resource allocates policies and load balancing polices play an important role in managing and allocating resources as per application request in a cloud computing environment. Cloud analyst is a GUI tool that simulates the cloud-computing environment. In the present work, the cloud servers are arranged through step network and a UML model for a minimization of energy consumption by processor, dynamic random access memory, hard disk, electrical components and mother board is developed. A well Unified Modeling Language is used for design of a class diagram. Response time and internet characteristics have been demonstrated and computed results are depicted in the form of tables and graphs using the cloud analyst simulation tool.
Design and Implementation of a Contactless Smart House Network System IJECEIAES
The Internet of Things (IoT) technology is every object around us and it is used to connect these objects to the Internet to verify Machine to Machine (M2M) communication. The smart house system is the most important application of IoT technology; it is increase the quality of life and decrease the efforts. There were many problems that faced the existing smart house networking systems, including the high cost of implementation and upgrading, high power consumption, and supported limited features. Therefore, this paper presents the design and implementation of smart house network system (SHNS) using Raspberry Pi and Arduino platforms as network infrastructure with ZigBee technology as wireless communication. SHNS consists of two main parts: the main station part and the wireless house nodes part. The local wireless communication between the house nodes and the main station is done through ZigBee technology with low power and low data rate. The mode of operation of these house nodes can be configured dynamically by the end user and determined multicast or broadcast operation according to the user requirements. The implementation and upgrading of SHNS are costless, flexible and required less power comparing with other reviewed systems.
Energy Management with Disaster Intimation and Control using IoTIJEACS
In the area of digitization and automation, the life of
human being is getting simpler as almost everything is
automated. Nowadays humans have made internet an integral
part of their everyday life without which they are helpless.
Internet of things (IoT) gives a platform which allows different
devices to inter-connect, sense and control the things remotely
across a network infrastructure without any limitation to the
coverage area. In our proposed work, we stress on Wireless-
Home-Automation-System (WHAS) using IoT, it is a system uses
computers or smart phone to control basic home functions and
features automatically through internet from anywhere around
the world, an automated home is sometimes called a smart home.
The proposed system is able to monitor the entire things
connected to the internet and also to be maintaining the status of
individual devices for further action. We have built the home
automation with several devices and sensors, here sensor help to
monitor the device status and intimate the authorized person to
take particular action.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT COMMUNITY SYSTEM BASED ON THIN CLIEN...ijasuc
With the continuous development of science and technology, the intelligent development of community
system becomes a trend. Meanwhile, smart mobile devices and cloud computing technology are
increasingly used in intelligent information systems; however, smart mobile devices such as smartphone
and smart pad, also known as thin clients, limited by either their capacities (CPU, memory or battery) or
their network resources, do not always meet users' satisfaction in using mobile services. Mobile cloud
computing, in which resource-rich virtual machines of smart mobile device are provided to a customer as a
service, can be terrific solution for expanding the limitation of real smart mobile device, but the resources
utilization rate is low and the information cannot be shared easily. To address the problems above, this
paper proposes an information system for intelligent community, which is composed of thin clients, wide
band network and cloud computing servers. On one hand, the thin clients with the characteristics of energy
efficiency, high robustness and high computing capacity can efficiently avoid the problems encountered in
the PC architecture and mobile devices. On the other hand, the cloud computing servers in the proposed
information system solve the problems of resource sharing barriers. Finally, the system is built in real
environments to evaluate the performance. We deploy the proposed system in a community with more than
2000 residents, and it is demonstrated that the proposed system is robust and efficient.
DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF INTELLIGENT COMMUNITY SYSTEM BASED ON THIN CLIEN...ijasuc
With the continuous development of science and technology, the intelligent development of community
system becomes a trend. Meanwhile, smart mobile devices and cloud computing technology are
increasingly used in intelligent information systems; however, smart mobile devices such as smartphone
and smart pad, also known as thin clients, limited by either their capacities (CPU, memory or battery) or
their network resources, do not always meet users' satisfaction in using mobile services. Mobile cloud
computing, in which resource-rich virtual machines of smart mobile device are provided to a customer as a
service, can be terrific solution for expanding the limitation of real smart mobile device, but the resources
utilization rate is low and the information cannot be shared easily. To address the problems above, this
paper proposes an information system for intelligent community, which is composed of thin clients, wide
band network and cloud computing servers. On one hand, the thin clients with the characteristics of energy
efficiency, high robustness and high computing capacity can efficiently avoid the problems encountered in
the PC architecture and mobile devices. On the other hand, the cloud computing servers in the proposed
information system solve the problems of resource sharing barriers. Finally, the system is built in real
environments to evaluate the performance. We deploy the proposed system in a community with more than
2000 residents, and it is demonstrated that the proposed system is robust and efficient.
In recent years, the number of end users connected to the internet of things (IoT) has increased, and we have witnessed the emergence of the cloud computing paradigm. These users utilize network resources to meet their quality of service (QoS) requirements, but traditional networks are not configured to backing maximum of scalability, real-time data transfer, and dynamism, resulting in numerous challenges. This research presents a new platform of IoT architecture that adds the benefits of two new technologies: software-defined networking and fog paradigm. Software-defined networking (SDN) refers to a centralized control layer of the network that enables sophisticated methods for traffic control and resource allocation. So, fog paradigm allows for data to be analyzed and managed at the edge of the network, making it suitable for tasks that require low and predictable delay. Thus, this research provides an in-depth view of the platform organize and performance of its base ingredients, as well as the potential uses of the suggested platform in various applications.
Grid computing or network computing is developed to make the available electric power in the similar way
as it is available for the grid. For that we just plug in the power and whoever needs power, may use it. In
grid computing if a system needs more power than available it can share the computing with other
machines connected in a grid. In this way we can use the power of a super computer without a huge cost
and the CPU cycles that were wasted previously can also be utilized. For performing grid computation in
joined computers through the internet, the software must be installed which supports grid computation on
each computer inside the VO. The software handles information queries, storage management, processing
scheduling, authentication and data encryption to ensure information security.
Design and implementation of intelligent community system based on thin clien...ijasuc
With the continuous development of science and technology, the intelligent development of community
system becomes a trend. Meanwhile, smart mobile devices and cloud computing technology are
increasingly used in intelligent information systems; however, smart mobile devices such as smartphone
and smart pad, also known as thin clients, limited by either their capacities (CPU, memory or battery) or
their network resources, do not always meet users' satisfaction in using mobile services. Mobile cloud
computing, in which resource-rich virtual machines of smart mobile device are provided to a customer as a
service, can be terrific solution for expanding the limitation of real smart mobile device, but the resources
utilization rate is low and the information cannot be shared easily. To address the problems above, this
paper proposes an information system for intelligent community, which is composed of thin clients, wide
band network and cloud computing servers. On one hand, the thin clients with the characteristics of energy
efficiency, high robustness and high computing capacity can efficiently avoid the problems encountered in
the PC architecture and mobile devices. On the other hand, the cloud computing servers in the proposed
information system solve the problems of resource sharing barriers. Finally, the system is built in real
environments to evaluate the performance. We deploy the proposed system in a community with more than
2000 residents, and it is demonstrated that the proposed system is robust and efficient.
Similar to NAIVE APPROACH FOR MEMORY MANAGEMENT IN SMART HOME GATEWAYS (20)
Submission Deadline: 30th September 2022
Acceptance Notification: Within Three Days’ time period
Online Publication: Within 24 Hrs. time Period
Expected Date of Dispatch of Printed Journal: 5th October 2022
MODELING AND ANALYSIS OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS AND WHITE LATER THICKNESS IN WIRE-...IAEME Publication
White layer thickness (WLT) formed and surface roughness in wire electric discharge turning (WEDT) of tungsten carbide composite has been made to model through response surface methodology (RSM). A Taguchi’s standard Design of experiments involving five input variables with three levels has been employed to establish a mathematical model between input parameters and responses. Percentage of cobalt content, spindle speed, Pulse on-time, wire feed and pulse off-time were changed during the experimental tests based on the Taguchi’s orthogonal array L27 (3^13). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) revealed that the mathematical models obtained can adequately describe performance within the parameters of the factors considered. There was a good agreement between the experimental and predicted values in this study.
A STUDY ON THE REASONS FOR TRANSGENDER TO BECOME ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
The study explores the reasons for a transgender to become entrepreneurs. In this study transgender entrepreneur was taken as independent variable and reasons to become as dependent variable. Data were collected through a structured questionnaire containing a five point Likert Scale. The study examined the data of 30 transgender entrepreneurs in Salem Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State, India. Simple Random sampling technique was used. Garrett Ranking Technique (Percentile Position, Mean Scores) was used as the analysis for the present study to identify the top 13 stimulus factors for establishment of trans entrepreneurial venture. Economic advancement of a nation is governed upon the upshot of a resolute entrepreneurial doings. The conception of entrepreneurship has stretched and materialized to the socially deflated uncharted sections of transgender community. Presently transgenders have smashed their stereotypes and are making recent headlines of achievements in various fields of our Indian society. The trans-community is gradually being observed in a new light and has been trying to achieve prospective growth in entrepreneurship. The findings of the research revealed that the optimistic changes are taking place to change affirmative societal outlook of the transgender for entrepreneurial ventureship. It also laid emphasis on other transgenders to renovate their traditional living. The paper also highlights that legislators, supervisory body should endorse an impartial canons and reforms in Tamil Nadu Transgender Welfare Board Association.
BROAD UNEXPOSED SKILLS OF TRANSGENDER ENTREPRENEURSIAEME Publication
Since ages gender difference is always a debatable theme whether caused by nature, evolution or environment. The birth of a transgender is dreadful not only for the child but also for their parents. The pain of living in the wrong physique and treated as second class victimized citizen is outrageous and fully harboured with vicious baseless negative scruples. For so long, social exclusion had perpetuated inequality and deprivation experiencing ingrained malign stigma and besieged victims of crime or violence across their life spans. They are pushed into the murky way of life with a source of eternal disgust, bereft sexual potency and perennial fear. Although they are highly visible but very little is known about them. The common public needs to comprehend the ravaged arrogance on these insensitive souls and assist in integrating them into the mainstream by offering equal opportunity, treat with humanity and respect their dignity. Entrepreneurship in the current age is endorsing the gender fairness movement. Unstable careers and economic inadequacy had inclined one of the gender variant people called Transgender to become entrepreneurs. These tiny budding entrepreneurs resulted in economic transition by means of employment, free from the clutches of stereotype jobs, raised standard of living and handful of financial empowerment. Besides all these inhibitions, they were able to witness a platform for skill set development that ignited them to enter into entrepreneurial domain. This paper epitomizes skill sets involved in trans-entrepreneurs of Thoothukudi Municipal Corporation of Tamil Nadu State and is a groundbreaking determination to sightsee various skills incorporated and the impact on entrepreneurship.
DETERMINANTS AFFECTING THE USER'S INTENTION TO USE MOBILE BANKING APPLICATIONSIAEME Publication
The banking and financial services industries are experiencing increased technology penetration. Among them, the banking industry has made technological advancements to better serve the general populace. The economy focused on transforming the banking sector's system into a cashless, paperless, and faceless one. The researcher wants to evaluate the user's intention for utilising a mobile banking application. The study also examines the variables affecting the user's behaviour intention when selecting specific applications for financial transactions. The researcher employed a well-structured questionnaire and a descriptive study methodology to gather the respondents' primary data utilising the snowball sampling technique. The study includes variables like performance expectations, effort expectations, social impact, enabling circumstances, and perceived risk. Each of the aforementioned variables has a major impact on how users utilise mobile banking applications. The outcome will assist the service provider in comprehending the user's history with mobile banking applications.
ANALYSE THE USER PREDILECTION ON GPAY AND PHONEPE FOR DIGITAL TRANSACTIONSIAEME Publication
Technology upgradation in banking sector took the economy to view that payment mode towards online transactions using mobile applications. This system enabled connectivity between banks, Merchant and user in a convenient mode. there are various applications used for online transactions such as Google pay, Paytm, freecharge, mobikiwi, oxygen, phonepe and so on and it also includes mobile banking applications. The study aimed at evaluating the predilection of the user in adopting digital transaction. The study is descriptive in nature. The researcher used random sample techniques to collect the data. The findings reveal that mobile applications differ with the quality of service rendered by Gpay and Phonepe. The researcher suggest the Phonepe application should focus on implementing the application should be user friendly interface and Gpay on motivating the users to feel the importance of request for money and modes of payments in the application.
VOICE BASED ATM FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED USING ARDUINOIAEME Publication
The prototype of a voice-based ATM for visually impaired using Arduino is to help people who are blind. This uses RFID cards which contain users fingerprint encrypted on it and interacts with the users through voice commands. ATM operates when sensor detects the presence of one person in the cabin. After scanning the RFID card, it will ask to select the mode like –normal or blind. User can select the respective mode through voice input, if blind mode is selected the balance check or cash withdraw can be done through voice input. Normal mode procedure is same as the existing ATM.
IMPACT OF EMOTIONAL INTELLIGENCE ON HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES AMONG...IAEME Publication
There is increasing acceptability of emotional intelligence as a major factor in personality assessment and effective human resource management. Emotional intelligence as the ability to build capacity, empathize, co-operate, motivate and develop others cannot be divorced from both effective performance and human resource management systems. The human person is crucial in defining organizational leadership and fortunes in terms of challenges and opportunities and walking across both multinational and bilateral relationships. The growing complexity of the business world requires a great deal of self-confidence, integrity, communication, conflict and diversity management to keep the global enterprise within the paths of productivity and sustainability. Using the exploratory research design and 255 participants the result of this original study indicates strong positive correlation between emotional intelligence and effective human resource management. The paper offers suggestions on further studies between emotional intelligence and human capital development and recommends for conflict management as an integral part of effective human resource management.
VISUALISING AGING PARENTS & THEIR CLOSE CARERS LIFE JOURNEY IN AGING ECONOMYIAEME Publication
Our life journey, in general, is closely defined by the way we understand the meaning of why we coexist and deal with its challenges. As we develop the "inspiration economy", we could say that nearly all of the challenges we have faced are opportunities that help us to discover the rest of our journey. In this note paper, we explore how being faced with the opportunity of being a close carer for an aging parent with dementia brought intangible discoveries that changed our insight of the meaning of the rest of our life journey.
A STUDY ON THE IMPACT OF ORGANIZATIONAL CULTURE ON THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PERFO...IAEME Publication
The main objective of this study is to analyze the impact of aspects of Organizational Culture on the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System (PMS) in the Health Care Organization at Thanjavur. Organizational Culture and PMS play a crucial role in present-day organizations in achieving their objectives. PMS needs employees’ cooperation to achieve its intended objectives. Employees' cooperation depends upon the organization’s culture. The present study uses exploratory research to examine the relationship between the Organization's culture and the Effectiveness of the Performance Management System. The study uses a Structured Questionnaire to collect the primary data. For this study, Thirty-six non-clinical employees were selected from twelve randomly selected Health Care organizations at Thanjavur. Thirty-two fully completed questionnaires were received.
Living in 21st century in itself reminds all of us the necessity of police and its administration. As more and more we are entering into the modern society and culture, the more we require the services of the so called ‘Khaki Worthy’ men i.e., the police personnel. Whether we talk of Indian police or the other nation’s police, they all have the same recognition as they have in India. But as already mentioned, their services and requirements are different after the like 26th November, 2008 incidents, where they without saving their own lives has sacrificed themselves without any hitch and without caring about their respective family members and wards. In other words, they are like our heroes and mentors who can guide us from the darkness of fear, militancy, corruption and other dark sides of life and so on. Now the question arises, if Gandhi would have been alive today, what would have been his reaction/opinion to the police and its functioning? Would he have some thing different in his mind now what he had been in his mind before the partition or would he be going to start some Satyagraha in the form of some improvement in the functioning of the police administration? Really these questions or rather night mares can come to any one’s mind, when there is too much confusion is prevailing in our minds, when there is too much corruption in the society and when the polices working is also in the questioning because of one or the other case throughout the India. It is matter of great concern that we have to thing over our administration and our practical approach because the police personals are also like us, they are part and parcel of our society and among one of us, so why we all are pin pointing towards them.
A STUDY ON TALENT MANAGEMENT AND ITS IMPACT ON EMPLOYEE RETENTION IN SELECTED...IAEME Publication
The goal of this study was to see how talent management affected employee retention in the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The fundamental issue was the difficulty to attract, hire, and retain talented personnel who perform well and the gap between supply and demand of talent acquisition and retaining them within the firms. The study's main goals were to determine the impact of talent management on employee retention in IT companies in Chennai, investigate talent management strategies that IT companies could use to improve talent acquisition, performance management, career planning and formulate retention strategies that the IT firms could use. The respondents were given a structured close-ended questionnaire with the 5 Point Likert Scale as part of the study's quantitative research design. The target population consisted of 289 IT professionals. The questionnaires were distributed and collected by the researcher directly. The Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) was used to collect and analyse the questionnaire responses. Hypotheses that were formulated for the various areas of the study were tested using a variety of statistical tests. The key findings of the study suggested that talent management had an impact on employee retention. The studies also found that there is a clear link between the implementation of talent management and retention measures. Management should provide enough training and development for employees, clarify job responsibilities, provide adequate remuneration packages, and recognise employees for exceptional performance.
ATTRITION IN THE IT INDUSTRY DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: LINKING EMOTIONAL INTE...IAEME Publication
Globally, Millions of dollars were spent by the organizations for employing skilled Information Technology (IT) professionals. It is costly to replace unskilled employees with IT professionals possessing technical skills and competencies that aid in interconnecting the business processes. The organization’s employment tactics were forced to alter by globalization along with technological innovations as they consistently diminish to remain lean, outsource to concentrate on core competencies along with restructuring/reallocate personnel to gather efficiency. As other jobs, organizations or professions have become reasonably more appropriate in a shifting employment landscape, the above alterations trigger both involuntary as well as voluntary turnover. The employee view on jobs is also afflicted by the COVID-19 pandemic along with the employee-driven labour market. So, having effective strategies is necessary to tackle the withdrawal rate of employees. By associating Emotional Intelligence (EI) along with Talent Management (TM) in the IT industry, the rise in attrition rate was analyzed in this study. Only 303 respondents were collected out of 350 participants to whom questionnaires were distributed. From the employees of IT organizations located in Bangalore (India), the data were congregated. A simple random sampling methodology was employed to congregate data as of the respondents. Generating the hypothesis along with testing is eventuated. The effect of EI and TM along with regression analysis between TM and EI was analyzed. The outcomes indicated that employee and Organizational Performance (OP) were elevated by effective EI along with TM.
INFLUENCE OF TALENT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE A STUD...IAEME Publication
By implementing talent management strategy, organizations would have the option to retain their skilled professionals while additionally working on their overall performance. It is the course of appropriately utilizing the ideal individuals, setting them up for future top positions, exploring and dealing with their performance, and holding them back from leaving the organization. It is employee performance that determines the success of every organization. The firm quickly obtains an upper hand over its rivals in the event that its employees having particular skills that cannot be duplicated by the competitors. Thus, firms are centred on creating successful talent management practices and processes to deal with the unique human resources. Firms are additionally endeavouring to keep their top/key staff since on the off chance that they leave; the whole store of information leaves the firm's hands. The study's objective was to determine the impact of talent management on organizational performance among the selected IT organizations in Chennai. The study recommends that talent management limitedly affects performance. On the off chance that this talent is appropriately management and implemented properly, organizations might benefit as much as possible from their maintained assets to support development and productivity, both monetarily and non-monetarily.
A STUDY OF VARIOUS TYPES OF LOANS OF SELECTED PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR BANKS...IAEME Publication
Banking regulations act of India, 1949 defines banking as “acceptance of deposits for the purpose of lending or investment from the public, repayment on demand or otherwise and withdrawable through cheques, drafts order or otherwise”, the major participants of the Indian financial system are commercial banks, the financial institution encompassing term lending institutions. Investments institutions, specialized financial institution and the state level development banks, non banking financial companies (NBFC) and other market intermediaries such has the stock brokers and money lenders are among the oldest of the certain variants of NBFC and the oldest market participants. The asset quality of banks is one of the most important indicators of their financial health. The Indian banking sector has been facing severe problems of increasing Non- Performing Assets (NPAs). The NPAs growth directly and indirectly affects the quality of assets and profitability of banks. It also shows the efficiency of banks credit risk management and the recovery effectiveness. NPA do not generate any income, whereas, the bank is required to make provisions for such as assets that why is a double edge weapon. This paper outlines the concept of quality of bank loans of different types like Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of selected public and private sector banks. This study is highlighting problems associated with the role of commercial bank in financing Small and Medium Scale Enterprises (SME). The overall objective of the research was to assess the effect of the financing provisions existing for the setting up and operations of MSMEs in the country and to generate recommendations for more robust financing mechanisms for successful operation of the MSMEs, in turn understanding the impact of MSME loans on financial institutions due to NPA. There are many research conducted on the topic of Non- Performing Assets (NPA) Management, concerning particular bank, comparative study of public and private banks etc. In this paper the researcher is considering the aggregate data of selected public sector and private sector banks and attempts to compare the NPA of Housing, Agriculture and MSME loans in state Haryana of public and private sector banks. The tools used in the study are average and Anova test and variance. The findings reveal that NPA is common problem for both public and private sector banks and is associated with all types of loans either that is housing loans, agriculture loans and loans to SMES. NPAs of both public and private sector banks show the increasing trend. In 2010-11 GNPA of public and private sector were at same level it was 2% but after 2010-11 it increased in many fold and at present there is GNPA in some more than 15%. It shows the dark area of Indian banking sector.
EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF MECHANICAL AND TRIBOLOGICAL RELATION OF NYLON/BaSO4 POL...IAEME Publication
An experiment conducted in this study found that BaSO4 changed Nylon 6's mechanical properties. By changing the weight ratios, BaSO4 was used to make Nylon 6. This Researcher looked into how hard Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites are and how well they wear. Experiments were done based on Taguchi design L9. Nylon-6/BaSO4 composites can be tested for their hardness number using a Rockwell hardness testing apparatus. On Nylon/BaSO4, the wear behavior was measured by a wear monitor, pinon-disc friction by varying reinforcement, sliding speed, and sliding distance, and the microstructure of the crack surfaces was observed by SEM. This study provides significant contributions to ultimate strength by increasing BaSO4 content up to 16% in the composites, and sliding speed contributes 72.45% to the wear rate
ROLE OF SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN RURAL DEVELOPMENT OF INDIA - PROBLEMS AND ...IAEME Publication
The majority of the population in India lives in villages. The village is the back bone of the country. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Developing the rural economy is one of the key indicators towards a country’s success. Whether it be the need to look after the welfare of the farmers or invest in rural infrastructure, Governments have to ensure that rural development isn’t compromised. The economic development of our country largely depends on the progress of rural areas and the standard of living of rural masses. Village or rural industries play an important role in the national economy, particularly in the rural development. Rural entrepreneurship is based on stimulating local entrepreneurial talent and the subsequent growth of indigenous enterprises. It recognizes opportunity in the rural areas and accelerates a unique blend of resources either inside or outside of agriculture. Rural entrepreneurship brings an economic value to the rural sector by creating new methods of production, new markets, new products and generate employment opportunities thereby ensuring continuous rural development. Social Entrepreneurship has the direct and primary objective of serving the society along with the earning profits. So, social entrepreneurship is different from the economic entrepreneurship as its basic objective is not to earn profits but for providing innovative solutions to meet the society needs which are not taken care by majority of the entrepreneurs as they are in the business for profit making as a sole objective. So, the Social Entrepreneurs have the huge growth potential particularly in the developing countries like India where we have huge societal disparities in terms of the financial positions of the population. Still 22 percent of the Indian population is below the poverty line and also there is disparity among the rural & urban population in terms of families living under BPL. 25.7 percent of the rural population & 13.7 percent of the urban population is under BPL which clearly shows the disparity of the poor people in the rural and urban areas. The need to develop social entrepreneurship in agriculture is dictated by a large number of social problems. Such problems include low living standards, unemployment, and social tension. The reasons that led to the emergence of the practice of social entrepreneurship are the above factors. The research problem lays upon disclosing the importance of role of social entrepreneurship in rural development of India. The paper the tendencies of social entrepreneurship in India, to present successful examples of such business for providing recommendations how to improve situation in rural areas in terms of social entrepreneurship development. Indian government has made some steps towards development of social enterprises, social entrepreneurship, and social in- novation, but a lot remains to be improved.
OPTIMAL RECONFIGURATION OF POWER DISTRIBUTION RADIAL NETWORK USING HYBRID MET...IAEME Publication
Distribution system is a critical link between the electric power distributor and the consumers. Most of the distribution networks commonly used by the electric utility is the radial distribution network. However in this type of network, it has technical issues such as enormous power losses which affect the quality of the supply. Nowadays, the introduction of Distributed Generation (DG) units in the system help improve and support the voltage profile of the network as well as the performance of the system components through power loss mitigation. In this study network reconfiguration was done using two meta-heuristic algorithms Particle Swarm Optimization and Gravitational Search Algorithm (PSO-GSA) to enhance power quality and voltage profile in the system when simultaneously applied with the DG units. Backward/Forward Sweep Method was used in the load flow analysis and simulated using the MATLAB program. Five cases were considered in the Reconfiguration based on the contribution of DG units. The proposed method was tested using IEEE 33 bus system. Based on the results, there was a voltage profile improvement in the system from 0.9038 p.u. to 0.9594 p.u.. The integration of DG in the network also reduced power losses from 210.98 kW to 69.3963 kW. Simulated results are drawn to show the performance of each case.
APPLICATION OF FRUGAL APPROACH FOR PRODUCTIVITY IMPROVEMENT - A CASE STUDY OF...IAEME Publication
Manufacturing industries have witnessed an outburst in productivity. For productivity improvement manufacturing industries are taking various initiatives by using lean tools and techniques. However, in different manufacturing industries, frugal approach is applied in product design and services as a tool for improvement. Frugal approach contributed to prove less is more and seems indirectly contributing to improve productivity. Hence, there is need to understand status of frugal approach application in manufacturing industries. All manufacturing industries are trying hard and putting continuous efforts for competitive existence. For productivity improvements, manufacturing industries are coming up with different effective and efficient solutions in manufacturing processes and operations. To overcome current challenges, manufacturing industries have started using frugal approach in product design and services. For this study, methodology adopted with both primary and secondary sources of data. For primary source interview and observation technique is used and for secondary source review has done based on available literatures in website, printed magazines, manual etc. An attempt has made for understanding application of frugal approach with the study of manufacturing industry project. Manufacturing industry selected for this project study is Mahindra and Mahindra Ltd. This paper will help researcher to find the connections between the two concepts productivity improvement and frugal approach. This paper will help to understand significance of frugal approach for productivity improvement in manufacturing industry. This will also help to understand current scenario of frugal approach in manufacturing industry. In manufacturing industries various process are involved to deliver the final product. In the process of converting input in to output through manufacturing process productivity plays very critical role. Hence this study will help to evolve status of frugal approach in productivity improvement programme. The notion of frugal can be viewed as an approach towards productivity improvement in manufacturing industries.
A MULTIPLE – CHANNEL QUEUING MODELS ON FUZZY ENVIRONMENTIAEME Publication
In this paper, we investigated a queuing model of fuzzy environment-based a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) and study its performance under realistic conditions. It applies a nonagonal fuzzy number to analyse the relevant performance of a multiple channel queuing model (M/M/C) ( /FCFS). Based on the sub interval average ranking method for nonagonal fuzzy number, we convert fuzzy number to crisp one. Numerical results reveal that the efficiency of this method. Intuitively, the fuzzy environment adapts well to a multiple channel queuing models (M/M/C) ( /FCFS) are very well.
Saudi Arabia stands as a titan in the global energy landscape, renowned for its abundant oil and gas resources. It's the largest exporter of petroleum and holds some of the world's most significant reserves. Let's delve into the top 10 oil and gas projects shaping Saudi Arabia's energy future in 2024.
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Industrial Training at Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL)MdTanvirMahtab2
This presentation is about the working procedure of Shahjalal Fertilizer Company Limited (SFCL). A Govt. owned Company of Bangladesh Chemical Industries Corporation under Ministry of Industries.
Water scarcity is the lack of fresh water resources to meet the standard water demand. There are two type of water scarcity. One is physical. The other is economic water scarcity.
Final project report on grocery store management system..pdfKamal Acharya
In today’s fast-changing business environment, it’s extremely important to be able to respond to client needs in the most effective and timely manner. If your customers wish to see your business online and have instant access to your products or services.
Online Grocery Store is an e-commerce website, which retails various grocery products. This project allows viewing various products available enables registered users to purchase desired products instantly using Paytm, UPI payment processor (Instant Pay) and also can place order by using Cash on Delivery (Pay Later) option. This project provides an easy access to Administrators and Managers to view orders placed using Pay Later and Instant Pay options.
In order to develop an e-commerce website, a number of Technologies must be studied and understood. These include multi-tiered architecture, server and client-side scripting techniques, implementation technologies, programming language (such as PHP, HTML, CSS, JavaScript) and MySQL relational databases. This is a project with the objective to develop a basic website where a consumer is provided with a shopping cart website and also to know about the technologies used to develop such a website.
This document will discuss each of the underlying technologies to create and implement an e- commerce website.
Welcome to WIPAC Monthly the magazine brought to you by the LinkedIn Group Water Industry Process Automation & Control.
In this month's edition, along with this month's industry news to celebrate the 13 years since the group was created we have articles including
A case study of the used of Advanced Process Control at the Wastewater Treatment works at Lleida in Spain
A look back on an article on smart wastewater networks in order to see how the industry has measured up in the interim around the adoption of Digital Transformation in the Water Industry.
2. Kanupriya, Samreen Eram and Ashish Chauhan
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washers (Ishiharaetal.2006;Ryu2006;King etal.2006),and other remote services, such as remote patient
monitoring.
Figure 1 A typical smart home network environment.
Remote medical diagnosis, remote configuration and control of home appliances are some of the most
attractive applications. In the entertainment field, there are several interesting applications, such as
downloading movies on demand and an Electronic Programming Guide (EPG). Electric power companies
are also keeping an eye on home networking because it will allow them to provide value-added services,
such as energy management ,telemetry (remote measurement),and better power balance that reduces the
likelihood of blackouts. These efforts lead towards the so-called “Internet of Things,” which is forecast to
grow vastly larger than the current Internet. In smart home systems, building facilities and networked
appliances communicate and operate with the others to perform the home services. Generally, these
services are invisible and contain a series of diverse functions handled by separated devices. In fact, smart
home can be regarded as a „smarter‟ version of home automation system by adding context ware ability.
Ma et al. (2005) defines „smart space‟ as a space that must have some kinds of levels of abilities of
perception, cognition, analysis, reasoning and anticipation about a user’s existence and surroundings, on
which it can accordingly take proper actions.
2. OSGI FRAMEWORK
Recently there have been a lot of interests to provide new applications for smart homes. Multiple home
network protocols like UPnP, Jini are expected to coexist in the home and inter-operate through the home
gateway. The gateway also acts as a single point of connection between the home and outside world. Open
Service Gateway initiative (OSGi) (The OSGi Service Platform Release 4Core
Specificationversion4.22009; Binstock2006) is a consortium of companies that are working to define
common specifications for the home gateway. According to the OSGi model, the gateway can host
services to control and operate home appliances. In the OSGi model, services are implemented in
software bundles (or modules) that can be downloaded from the Internet and executed in the gateway.
Bundles communicate and collaborate with each other through OSGi middleware and, therefore, some
bundles may depend on other bundles. For example, a home security bundle uses an HTTP bundle to
provide external connectivity. We discusses the memory management in gateways and prioritizing the
memory use to maximize the number of services running simultaneously in the home gateway. We propose
new algorithms for efficient management of service bundles. Due to different architecture, memory
management for software bundles executed in home gateways differs from traditional memory
management techniques.
3. Naive Approach for Memory Management in Smart Home Gateways
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The main contribution of the work are:
• Identifying the difference between memory management in home gateway and traditional memory
management problem in a general computing environment (addressed in operating systems
literature).
• Introducing a model for the service replacement in home gateways using a directed dependency
graph.
• Introducing SD(service dependency) optimal algorithm which can work as a benchmark to
compare different algorithms.
• Introducing SD Heuristic algorithm that performs significantly better than traditional memory
management algorithms and close to the optimal solution based on Knapsack problem.
First, we compared the performance of the different algorithms in terms of the number of removed
services to verify our new proposed algorithms. And then evaluate the algorithm execution time to show
that the SD heuristic is practical in a home gateway.
3. PRIOR WORK
Memory management has been discussed extensively in the operating systems literature. Due to
the different architectures, one of the main differences between memory management for smart
home applications and general computer applications is that the former takes into account the
dependencies among different services or bundles, as explained later. To our best knowledge, there
is no study related to the memory management in the context of smart home applications. Vidal et
al. (2006) addressed qos in home gateway. They proposed a flexible architecture for managing
bandwidth inside the home. However, they have not addressed memory management in home
gateways. Alietal. (2005) proposed architecture based on osgi for wireless sensor networks, where
data is processed in distributed fashion. They showed how to execute simple database queries like
selection and join in a distributed fashion. Bottaroetal. (2007) addressed protocol heterogeneity
and interface fragmentation when connecting several devices to osgi-based gateway at home.
4. METHODOLOGY
Generating electrical energy from natural resources and their utilization schemes for feeding the apparatus
are implemented in the system as to promote contributing to alternate energy resources and to reduce the
cost constraints of energy consumption. These schemes are designed to extract maximum solar and wind
energy and used to feed selected appliances of the residential flat. In the absence of sun and wind energy
the power system lines supplying electricity to the flat would take care of powering the selected
appliances. Furthermore, as an additional security concern, an intruder detection system is installed in the
system which when detects an intruder would dial automatically a sequence of digits programmed in the
system as to give remote intimation for the intrusion found. As internet and telephone communication are
quite popularly used nowadays, remote control schemes of selected appliances in flat are also included in
the system as to serve the day to day urgent needs and also for security concerns. This scheme facilitates
the control of appliances distributed in the flat by operating from any other room. Furthermore, a home
Assistant software installed in the system refers the home data base every morning and brings the list of
activities to be performed on that day to screen as to alert the user to be ready for solving the issues of the
day. The software cannot be accessed by any unknown person due to password requirement. Necessary
firewall is incorporated in the web server as to avoid further interruptions due to unauthorized interruption
and to block viruses.
In this section we presents ever algorithms for solving service replacement problem in home gateway.
The first three algorithms are direct adaptation of the well-known first-fit, best-fit and worst-fit algorithms
which select the service(s) to be replaced based on the amount of memory that might become available.
The other two algorithms take into account not only the memory size but also the service dependencies. SD
(Size-Dependency) heuristic is a simple heuristic that runs in O(nh) time and requires linear space, where h
4. Kanupriya, Samreen Eram and Ashish Chauhan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 14 editor@iaeme.com
is the height of the forest. Finally SD Optimal algorithm computes an optimal solution in O(n2
) time and
O(nh) space.
4.1. The Simple Algorithm
These traditional techniques make selection based on the amount of memory used and ignore the
dependencies.
First Fit: choose the first service s in the list S={s1,...,sn} such that total memory M(T(s)) occupied by its
sub-tree is at least the requested amount Mt:
K min {1≤ j≤ n |M(T(sj))≥Mt } s sk
If no such node exists(k=∞), pick the node with largest M(T(s)):
S argmax {M(T(s)):s ÎS}
Where argmax {... } denotes a maximum of a given function.
Best Fit: choose the service sÎS with the smallest total memory that is≥ Mt:
S argmax {M (T(s)): sÎS, M(T(s))≥ Mt }
Where argmax {... } denotes a maximum of a given function. If no such node exists (k=∞), pick the node
with largest M (T(s).
Worst Fit: choose the service sÎS with the largest total memory:
S ßargmax {M(T(s)):s ÎS} If no such node exists (k=∞), pick the node with largest M(T(s).
4.2. SD heuristic
Different from the simple algorithms discussed above, our proposed heuristic greedily tries to pick, as a
victim for deletion, the service instance whose removal will free the minimum amount of memory larger
than Mt and, at the same time, it has the smallest number of dependents. Towards this end, the heuristic
will pick for deletion the service instances which maximizes the ratio of the total memory to the number of
dependents:
S argmax {M(T(s))/|T(s)| :s ÎS}
4.3. SD Optimal
We shall consider incrementally the sets S1={s1},S2={s1,s2},S3={s1,s2, s3},...,computing for each set the
maximum amount of memory that can be achieved by deleting a subset of nodes. In order to compute these
maxima, we will need to compute for each node si, the largest index k Î {1,...,i−1}such that sk is not a
descendant of si. Let L(si) denotes such an index.
5. RESULTS
5.1. Problem
In this problem, there are two applications, first application with two dependent services called S1 and S2
are and in second application, there are two dependent services namely S3 and S4, for dependent service
S4 there is an another dependent service S5.It is complex problem so we didn‟t keep any special name for
application and services, for the sake of our convenience we keep as application 1, application 2 for
5. Naive Approach
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp
applications and for services we keep as S1, S2………..etc. And the number in bracket represents the
memory of the corresponding service.
Figure
Now according to SD Heuristic algorithm
which maximizes the ratio of the total memo
s argmax {M(T(s))/|T(s)| : s
Here the ratio M(s*)/|s*| for the different service instances are as follows:
For application 1 is = ((30 +20 +10) / 3) = 20
For application 2 is = ((20 +20 +10 +10) / 4) =15
For service S4 is = ((10 +10) / 2) = 10
There are 3 services which have maximum ratio 20 units, but removal of any service with 20 units,
does not give enough memory to start the new service (requiring 30 memory units). So According to SD
Heuristic there will be no solution.
SD Optimal 1 algorithm works as follows for this example:
service is 30 units. First of all according to SD optimal algorithm we make the dynamic table for
and for .
Approach for Memory Management in Smart Home Gateways
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 15
applications and for services we keep as S1, S2………..etc. And the number in bracket represents the
corresponding service.
Figure 2 A home gateway with two applications.
SD Heuristic algorithm, the heuristic will pick for deletion
which maximizes the ratio of the total memory to the number of dependents:
s S}.
*| for the different service instances are as follows:
For application 1 is = ((30 +20 +10) / 3) = 20
For application 2 is = ((20 +20 +10 +10) / 4) =15
is = ((10 +10) / 2) = 10
There are 3 services which have maximum ratio 20 units, but removal of any service with 20 units,
does not give enough memory to start the new service (requiring 30 memory units). So According to SD
tion.
works as follows for this example: Let the required memory for incoming
First of all according to SD optimal algorithm we make the dynamic table for
Table 1 A (i,k)
Table 2 B (i,k)
for Memory Management in Smart Home Gateways
editor@iaeme.com
applications and for services we keep as S1, S2………..etc. And the number in bracket represents the
euristic will pick for deletion the service instance s
There are 3 services which have maximum ratio 20 units, but removal of any service with 20 units,
does not give enough memory to start the new service (requiring 30 memory units). So According to SD
Let the required memory for incoming
First of all according to SD optimal algorithm we make the dynamic table for
6. Kanupriya, Samreen Eram and Ashish Chauhan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp
So after calculating by SD optimal algorithm for the requirement of 30 memory units we get service S3
having 20 memory units and service S2 having 20 memory units to be deleted. So, total 40 memory units
will be deleted. So the new dependenc
after deleting a set of services whose total memory is at least 30 u.
Figure 3 New dependence forest, describing the dependence among the bundles remaining after deleting a set of
6. MODIFIED SD OPTIMAL
In SD Optimal 1algorithm we delete the nodes on concept of first fit algorithm but in modified SD Optimal
1 algorithm we use the concept of best fit in dynamic programming. Now we state
Optimal 1 algorithm:
Modified SD optimal 1 algorithm works as follows for
.
Figure 4
Kanupriya, Samreen Eram and Ashish Chauhan
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 16
So after calculating by SD optimal algorithm for the requirement of 30 memory units we get service S3
having 20 memory units and service S2 having 20 memory units to be deleted. So, total 40 memory units
will be deleted. So the new dependence forest, describing the dependence among the bundles remaining
after deleting a set of services whose total memory is at least 30 u.
New dependence forest, describing the dependence among the bundles remaining after deleting a set of
services in SD optimal algorithm1.
MODIFIED SD OPTIMAL 1 ALGORITHM
In SD Optimal 1algorithm we delete the nodes on concept of first fit algorithm but in modified SD Optimal
1 algorithm we use the concept of best fit in dynamic programming. Now we state
algorithm works as follows for above problem:
Figure 4 Modified SD optimal 1 algorithm
editor@iaeme.com
So after calculating by SD optimal algorithm for the requirement of 30 memory units we get service S3
having 20 memory units and service S2 having 20 memory units to be deleted. So, total 40 memory units
e forest, describing the dependence among the bundles remaining
New dependence forest, describing the dependence among the bundles remaining after deleting a set of
In SD Optimal 1algorithm we delete the nodes on concept of first fit algorithm but in modified SD Optimal
1 algorithm we use the concept of best fit in dynamic programming. Now we state the modified SD
7. Naive Approach
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp
Figure 5 New dependence forests
7. CONCLUSION
In this paper, we have considered the problem of managing services and bundles in home gateways with
limited amount of main memory. Because of the different
the traditional computer architecture, a key difference between our problem and the traditional memory
management is that the dependencies among different services have to be taken into consideration for a
higher customers‟ satisfaction. We use a dependency graph to model the relationship among services.
This chapter proposes two algorithms. The first one
optimal solution in a polynomial time. The second one i
tries to free the required amount of memory while minimizing the number of terminated services. We
compared the proposed techniques with the traditional memory management algorithms such as the best fit
and worst fit. Our experimental results indicate that SD (service dependency) heuristic is a good candidate
for use in practical environments, as its performance is close to the optimal solution in terms of the number
of stopped services. SD heuristic perform
techniques.
REFERENCES
[1] Maples, D., & Kriends, P. (2001).The open services gateway initiative: An
Communication Magazine, 39(12),110
[2] Ali, M., Aref , W.,Bose,
phenomenon detection and tracking framework for data stream management systems. In Proceedings of
the Very Large Data Bases Conference, August.
[3] Prasad. S. G, Dr Siva Yellampalli and Naveen. V, Design and Development of Memory Management
Unit for MIL-STD-1750 Processor,
Engineering & Technology
[4] Bottaro, A., Gérodolle, A.,& Lalan
Proceedings of the 21st
Applications, Niagara Falls, Canada, May.
[5] Helal , A., Mann, W., El
House: A programmable pervasive space.IEEEComputer,38(3),50
[6] R. Revathi S. Sinthuja Dr. N. Manoharan and N. Rajendiran , Allocation of Power in Relay Networks
for Secured Communication,
Technology, 6 (8), 2015, pp. 135
[7] Ishihara, T.(2006).Home Gateway architecture enabling secure appliance control service. In Proceedings
of the 10th International Conference on Intel
Approach for Memory Management in Smart Home Gateways
http://www.iaeme.com/IJECET/index.asp 17
ew dependence forests, after deleting a set of services in Modified SD Optimal 1 algorithm
In this paper, we have considered the problem of managing services and bundles in home gateways with
limited amount of main memory. Because of the different architecture of home gateway using OSGi from
the traditional computer architecture, a key difference between our problem and the traditional memory
management is that the dependencies among different services have to be taken into consideration for a
satisfaction. We use a dependency graph to model the relationship among services.
This chapter proposes two algorithms. The first one is an extension of Knapsack problem whi
solution in a polynomial time. The second one is a heuristic that spans the dependency graph and
tries to free the required amount of memory while minimizing the number of terminated services. We
compared the proposed techniques with the traditional memory management algorithms such as the best fit
worst fit. Our experimental results indicate that SD (service dependency) heuristic is a good candidate
for use in practical environments, as its performance is close to the optimal solution in terms of the number
of stopped services. SD heuristic performs much better than the traditional memory management
Maples, D., & Kriends, P. (2001).The open services gateway initiative: An
Communication Magazine, 39(12),110–114.
R., Elmagarmid, A., Helal, A., Kamel, I.,& Mokbel, M.(2005).NILE
phenomenon detection and tracking framework for data stream management systems. In Proceedings of
the Very Large Data Bases Conference, August.
Prasad. S. G, Dr Siva Yellampalli and Naveen. V, Design and Development of Memory Management
1750 Processor, International Journal of Electronics and Communication
Engineering & Technology, 7 (3), 2016, pp. 46–52
Bottaro, A., Gérodolle, A.,& Lalanda, P.(2007).Pervasive service composition in the home network. In
International IEEE Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
Applications, Niagara Falls, Canada, May.
Helal , A., Mann, W., El-zabadani, H., King, J., Kaddoura, Y., &Jansen, E.(2005).Gator Tech Smart
House: A programmable pervasive space.IEEEComputer,38(3),50–60.
R. Revathi S. Sinthuja Dr. N. Manoharan and N. Rajendiran , Allocation of Power in Relay Networks
for Secured Communication, International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering &
, 6 (8), 2015, pp. 135–144.
Ishihara, T.(2006).Home Gateway architecture enabling secure appliance control service. In Proceedings
of the 10th International Conference on Intelligence in Network (ICIN‟06).
for Memory Management in Smart Home Gateways
editor@iaeme.com
Optimal 1 algorithm
In this paper, we have considered the problem of managing services and bundles in home gateways with
architecture of home gateway using OSGi from
the traditional computer architecture, a key difference between our problem and the traditional memory
management is that the dependencies among different services have to be taken into consideration for a
satisfaction. We use a dependency graph to model the relationship among services.
is an extension of Knapsack problem which finds the
s a heuristic that spans the dependency graph and
tries to free the required amount of memory while minimizing the number of terminated services. We
compared the proposed techniques with the traditional memory management algorithms such as the best fit
worst fit. Our experimental results indicate that SD (service dependency) heuristic is a good candidate
for use in practical environments, as its performance is close to the optimal solution in terms of the number
s much better than the traditional memory management
Maples, D., & Kriends, P. (2001).The open services gateway initiative: An introductory overview. IEEE
I.,& Mokbel, M.(2005).NILE- PDT: A
phenomenon detection and tracking framework for data stream management systems. In Proceedings of
Prasad. S. G, Dr Siva Yellampalli and Naveen. V, Design and Development of Memory Management
International Journal of Electronics and Communication
da, P.(2007).Pervasive service composition in the home network. In
International IEEE Conference on Advanced Information Networking and
ura, Y., &Jansen, E.(2005).Gator Tech Smart
R. Revathi S. Sinthuja Dr. N. Manoharan and N. Rajendiran , Allocation of Power in Relay Networks
International Journal of Advanced Research in Engineering &
Ishihara, T.(2006).Home Gateway architecture enabling secure appliance control service. In Proceedings
‟06).