International Journal of Engineering Inventions (IJEI) provides a multidisciplinary passage for researchers, managers, professionals, practitioners and students around the globe to publish high quality, peer-reviewed articles on all theoretical and empirical aspects of Engineering and Science.
EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SQUEEZE FILM BETWEEN POROUS...IAEME Publication
In investigation aims to analyse the effect of transverse surface roughness on the squeeze film performance between porous rectangular plates. The associated differential equation is stochastically averaged making use of stochastic averaging method of Christensen and Tonder for transverse surface roughness. The equation is solved with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the pressure and consequentlythe load bearing. The graphical results suggest that the bearing suffers because of transverse surface roughness. However the situation is slightly better in the case of
negatively skew roughness. Further variance (-ve) makes the situation furtherimproved even if moderate values of porosity are involved
While the computed transported turbulence dissipation rate, , works well as part of a differential
equation-based turbulence model in predicting turbulent flows, it doesn’t seem to work well when used to
determine the Kolmogorov length-scale (ℓ퐾표푙) which, like the other Kolmogorov scales, exists within the viscous
sublayer portion of the inner turbulent boundary layer zone. Using may lead to an increase in ℓ퐾표푙 as roughness
increases, the opposite of what should happen. It is proposed here to replace the computed (and its level at the
1
st point off the wall as dictated by wall functions) with the one resulting from basic law-of-the-wall sublayer
relationships which includes the Prandtl-Schlichting (P-S) roughness effect. This approach enables physically
correct prediction of ℓ퐾표푙, particularly a reliable decrease thereof with increasing roughness level.
techDynamic characteristics and stability of cylindrical textured journal bea...ijmech
The dynamic characteristics of cylindrical textured hydrodynamic journal bearing are presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is solved numerically in a finite difference grid in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameter are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture density.. From the present analysis, it has been found that stability is enhanced with increase in texture depth, whereas there is an optimum texture density corresponding to the maximum stability of the bearing
Prediction of joint strength and effect of the surface treatment on the singl...Filipe Giesteira
A two-component high-ductility adhesive (acrylic and catalyst based), SikaFast® - 5211 NT, was used to bond single overlap joints with mild steel adherends and 25 mm of overlap. One joint configuration used treated bonding surfaces while the other was did not employ treatment of the adherend surfaces, with the aim of studying the influence of the material surface treatment. The specimens were tensile tested in a INSTRON® universal testing machine and the non-treated surface have shown a strength four times lower than the treated surface. Several analytical methods were used to predict joint strength, with two methods achieving reasonably accurate failure load predictions.
Establishing relationship between cbr with different soil propertieseSAT Journals
Abstract
In the flexible pavements sub-grade is considered to be an ideal layer to resist wheel load and its CBR value is considered as the strength measuring parameter. Conducting CBR test is an expensive and time consuming test, moreover it is very difficult to mould the sample at a desired in-situ density in the laboratory. Further, if the available soil is of poor quality, suitable additives are mixed with soil and resulting strength of soil is assessed by CBR value which is cumbersome. To overcome these problems, the other methods such as regression based models (simple & multiple) are used in this study. The soil properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density and percentage fineness of the soil (passing 75micron sieve) are determined for the soil collected from different areas of Bagalkot district and the models are developed for correlating soaked CBR value.
Keywords: CBR, regression models, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content and maximum dry density.
Research on Contact Characteristics between Bump End Effector and WaferIJRES Journal
In the IC industry, commonly used methods are wafer clamping friction transmission type and vacuum suction. Combining science and theological contact theory,the contact friction transmission characteristics when using the bump and transmission actuator wafer, the wafer and the end actuators. Starting from the material properties of the wafer by ANSYS simulation analysis in contact with the wafer bump deformation due to its own gravity, and verify that it meets the requirements of small deformation wafer transfer. Compute and solve the friction contact with the wafer bump bristles between.
EFFECT OF SURFACE ROUGHNESS ON CHARACTERISTICS OF SQUEEZE FILM BETWEEN POROUS...IAEME Publication
In investigation aims to analyse the effect of transverse surface roughness on the squeeze film performance between porous rectangular plates. The associated differential equation is stochastically averaged making use of stochastic averaging method of Christensen and Tonder for transverse surface roughness. The equation is solved with appropriate boundary conditions to obtain the pressure and consequentlythe load bearing. The graphical results suggest that the bearing suffers because of transverse surface roughness. However the situation is slightly better in the case of
negatively skew roughness. Further variance (-ve) makes the situation furtherimproved even if moderate values of porosity are involved
While the computed transported turbulence dissipation rate, , works well as part of a differential
equation-based turbulence model in predicting turbulent flows, it doesn’t seem to work well when used to
determine the Kolmogorov length-scale (ℓ퐾표푙) which, like the other Kolmogorov scales, exists within the viscous
sublayer portion of the inner turbulent boundary layer zone. Using may lead to an increase in ℓ퐾표푙 as roughness
increases, the opposite of what should happen. It is proposed here to replace the computed (and its level at the
1
st point off the wall as dictated by wall functions) with the one resulting from basic law-of-the-wall sublayer
relationships which includes the Prandtl-Schlichting (P-S) roughness effect. This approach enables physically
correct prediction of ℓ퐾표푙, particularly a reliable decrease thereof with increasing roughness level.
techDynamic characteristics and stability of cylindrical textured journal bea...ijmech
The dynamic characteristics of cylindrical textured hydrodynamic journal bearing are presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is solved numerically in a finite difference grid in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameter are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture density.. From the present analysis, it has been found that stability is enhanced with increase in texture depth, whereas there is an optimum texture density corresponding to the maximum stability of the bearing
Prediction of joint strength and effect of the surface treatment on the singl...Filipe Giesteira
A two-component high-ductility adhesive (acrylic and catalyst based), SikaFast® - 5211 NT, was used to bond single overlap joints with mild steel adherends and 25 mm of overlap. One joint configuration used treated bonding surfaces while the other was did not employ treatment of the adherend surfaces, with the aim of studying the influence of the material surface treatment. The specimens were tensile tested in a INSTRON® universal testing machine and the non-treated surface have shown a strength four times lower than the treated surface. Several analytical methods were used to predict joint strength, with two methods achieving reasonably accurate failure load predictions.
Establishing relationship between cbr with different soil propertieseSAT Journals
Abstract
In the flexible pavements sub-grade is considered to be an ideal layer to resist wheel load and its CBR value is considered as the strength measuring parameter. Conducting CBR test is an expensive and time consuming test, moreover it is very difficult to mould the sample at a desired in-situ density in the laboratory. Further, if the available soil is of poor quality, suitable additives are mixed with soil and resulting strength of soil is assessed by CBR value which is cumbersome. To overcome these problems, the other methods such as regression based models (simple & multiple) are used in this study. The soil properties like liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content, maximum dry density and percentage fineness of the soil (passing 75micron sieve) are determined for the soil collected from different areas of Bagalkot district and the models are developed for correlating soaked CBR value.
Keywords: CBR, regression models, liquid limit, plastic limit, plasticity index, optimum moisture content and maximum dry density.
Research on Contact Characteristics between Bump End Effector and WaferIJRES Journal
In the IC industry, commonly used methods are wafer clamping friction transmission type and vacuum suction. Combining science and theological contact theory,the contact friction transmission characteristics when using the bump and transmission actuator wafer, the wafer and the end actuators. Starting from the material properties of the wafer by ANSYS simulation analysis in contact with the wafer bump deformation due to its own gravity, and verify that it meets the requirements of small deformation wafer transfer. Compute and solve the friction contact with the wafer bump bristles between.
Annals of Materials Science & Engineering is a scholarly open access, peer reviewed journal dedicated to publish articles in all areas of Material Science such as aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgical engineering, electrical/electronic engineering, civil engineering, fluid mechanics and instrumentation.
The aim of this journal is for scientists and academicians all over the world to support, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Material Science & Engineering.
Annals of Materials Science & Engineering accepts original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, clinical images and rapid communication on all the aspects of Material science and engineering.
Three dimensional static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded platesijmech
In this paper, static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded plates based on three dimensional theory of elasticity is investigated. Graded finite element method has been used to solve the problem. The effects of power law exponents on static behavior of a fully clamped 2D-FGM plate have been investigated. The model has been compared with result of a 1D-FGM plate for different boundary conditions, and it shows very good agreement.
Three dimensional static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded platesrtme
In this paper, static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded plates based on three dimensional
theory of elasticity is investigated. Graded finite element method has been used to solve the problem. The
effects of power law exponents on static behavior of a fully clamped 2D-FGM plate have been investigated.
The model has been compared with result of a 1D-FGM plate for different boundary conditions, and it
shows very good agreement
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the geometrically nonlinear laterally loaded,
rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse
shear deformation. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR
solutions for elastic large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and
approximate solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated
plates which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes stiffer and
when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually independent on the degree of
anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends on the angle of orientation of individual
plies and the size of load applied.
First order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program based on finite differences implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors including boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program using uniform finite differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for simply supported (SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied load or the arrangement of the layers
Gas foil bearing analysis and the effect of bump foil thickness on its perfor...ijmech
Gas foil bearings (GFBs) satisfy many of the requirements noted for novel oil-free turbomachinery.However, GFBs have a limited load carrying capacity. This paper presents a numerical model in order to assess the performance characteristics of gas foil bearings. The finite difference scheme has been used to discretize the governing Reynolds equation and the pressure is calculated by solving non-linear matrix equation using Newton-Raphson technique. The static performance analysis has been carried out. The computational analysis have been compared with the experimental and theoretical results available in the literature and the effects of bump foil thickness, number of bumps and bump compliance coefficient on the load carrying capacity at different rotor speed have been investigated. The results of the study show that too thin bump foil thickness may lead to a significant decrease in the load capacity. However for accurate predictions of the foil bearing performances, more details foil structure of 1D and 2D finite element model
should be considered.
The convergence and accuracy of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) solutions for elastic
large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and approximate
solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated plates
which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes
stiffer and when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually
independent on the degree of anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends
on the angle of orientation of individual plies and the size of load applied.
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of journal bearingijmech
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic journal bearing is presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is discretized by finite difference method and solved numerically in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameters are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture portion. From the present study, it has found that cylindrical texture exhibits better stability than plain journal bearing.
A study on mhd boundary layer flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet using im...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The problem of the MHD boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over a non-linear stretching sheet is discussed.
Using similarity transformation governing equations are transformed in to nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The Implicit finite
difference Keller box method is applied to find the numerical solution of nonlinear differential equation. Graphical results of fluid
velocity have been presented and discussed for the related parameters.
Keywords: MHD, boundary layer, nonlinear differential equations, and Keller box method
Dendrite Growth Model at Bonded (001) GaAs InterfaceIOSRJEEE
A periodic GaAs wafer-bonded structure was used for nonlinear optical device. Results showed voids present at the bonded GaAs twin boundary. These voids were caused by natural topographical irregularities and surface contamination. Most contamination could be eliminated by sulfur passivation treatments. However, natural irregularities are inevitable. After bonding, two kinds of crystallites were formed at the bonded (001) interfacial voids: diamond-shaped and dendritic geometries. This paper discussed the dendrite growth models within the interfacial void regions.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Stability Analysis of Journal Bearing Using Electro Rheological Fluid by Fini...ijsrd.com
in rotating machinery, the damping of structure which supports the rotating shaft has significant effect in machine vibration. Therefore by controlling the lubricant properties, the dynamic behavior of the system can be controlled. The objective of this paper is to study the dynamic behavior of a rotor supported by a journal bearing and fed with Electro-rheological (ER) fluid. ER fluids can be used to create ‘smart’ journal bearings & vibration controllers can be constructed to control the Stability of the ER fluid lubricated bearings. The ER fluid behaves like a Bingham fluid with a higher viscosity when electric field is applied, and restores its property when the field is removed. A reversible change in viscosity occurs in milliseconds with the electric field applied.
Annals of Materials Science & Engineering is a scholarly open access, peer reviewed journal dedicated to publish articles in all areas of Material Science such as aerospace engineering, mechanical engineering, metallurgical engineering, electrical/electronic engineering, civil engineering, fluid mechanics and instrumentation.
The aim of this journal is for scientists and academicians all over the world to support, share, and discuss various new issues and developments in different areas of Material Science & Engineering.
Annals of Materials Science & Engineering accepts original research articles, review articles, case reports, commentaries, clinical images and rapid communication on all the aspects of Material science and engineering.
Three dimensional static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded platesijmech
In this paper, static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded plates based on three dimensional theory of elasticity is investigated. Graded finite element method has been used to solve the problem. The effects of power law exponents on static behavior of a fully clamped 2D-FGM plate have been investigated. The model has been compared with result of a 1D-FGM plate for different boundary conditions, and it shows very good agreement.
Three dimensional static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded platesrtme
In this paper, static analysis of two dimensional functionally graded plates based on three dimensional
theory of elasticity is investigated. Graded finite element method has been used to solve the problem. The
effects of power law exponents on static behavior of a fully clamped 2D-FGM plate have been investigated.
The model has been compared with result of a 1D-FGM plate for different boundary conditions, and it
shows very good agreement
Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is presented for the geometrically nonlinear laterally loaded,
rectangular laminated plates. The analysis uses the Mindlin plate theory which accounts for transverse
shear deformation. A computer program has been compiled. The convergence and accuracy of the DR
solutions for elastic large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and
approximate solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated
plates which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes stiffer and
when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually independent on the degree of
anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends on the angle of orientation of individual
plies and the size of load applied.
First order orthotropic shear deformation equations for the nonlinear elastic bending response of rectangular plates are introduced. Their solution using a computer program based on finite differences implementation of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) method is outlined. The convergence and accuracy of the DR solutions for elastic large deflection response of isotropic, orthotropic, and laminated plates are established by comparison with various exact and approximate solutions. The present Dynamic Relaxation method (DR) coupled with finite differences method shows a fairly good agreement with other analytical and numerical methods used in the verification scheme.It was found that: The convergence and accuracy of the DR solution is dependent on several factors including boundary conditions, mesh size and type, fictitious densities, damping coefficients, time increment and applied load. Also, the DR large deflection program using uniform finite differences meshes can be employed in the analysis of different thicknesses for isotropic, orthotropic or laminated plates under uniform loads. All the comparison results for simply supported (SS4) edge conditions showed that deflection is almost dependent on the direction of the applied load or the arrangement of the layers
Gas foil bearing analysis and the effect of bump foil thickness on its perfor...ijmech
Gas foil bearings (GFBs) satisfy many of the requirements noted for novel oil-free turbomachinery.However, GFBs have a limited load carrying capacity. This paper presents a numerical model in order to assess the performance characteristics of gas foil bearings. The finite difference scheme has been used to discretize the governing Reynolds equation and the pressure is calculated by solving non-linear matrix equation using Newton-Raphson technique. The static performance analysis has been carried out. The computational analysis have been compared with the experimental and theoretical results available in the literature and the effects of bump foil thickness, number of bumps and bump compliance coefficient on the load carrying capacity at different rotor speed have been investigated. The results of the study show that too thin bump foil thickness may lead to a significant decrease in the load capacity. However for accurate predictions of the foil bearing performances, more details foil structure of 1D and 2D finite element model
should be considered.
The convergence and accuracy of the Dynamic Relaxation (DR) solutions for elastic
large deflection response are established by comparison with various exact and approximate
solutions. New numerical results are generated for uniformly loaded square laminated plates
which serve to quantify the effects of shear deformation, length to thickness ratio, number of
layers, material anisotropy and fiber orientation.
It was found that linear analysis seriously over predicts deflection of plates. The shear
deflection depends greatly on a number of factors such as length to thickness ratio, degree of
anisotropy and number of layers. As the degree of anisotropy increases, the plate becomes
stiffer and when it is greater than a critical value, the deflection becomes virtually
independent on the degree of anisotropy. It was also found that deflection of plates depends
on the angle of orientation of individual plies and the size of load applied.
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of journal bearingijmech
Effect of cylindrical texture on dynamic characteristics of hydrodynamic journal bearing is presented in this paper. The Reynolds equation is discretized by finite difference method and solved numerically in an iterative scheme satisfying the appropriate boundary conditions. Stiffness and damping coefficients of fluid film and stability parameters are found using the first-order perturbation method for different eccentricity ratios and various texture parameters like texture depth and texture portion. From the present study, it has found that cylindrical texture exhibits better stability than plain journal bearing.
A study on mhd boundary layer flow over a nonlinear stretching sheet using im...eSAT Journals
Abstract
The problem of the MHD boundary layer flow of an incompressible viscous fluid over a non-linear stretching sheet is discussed.
Using similarity transformation governing equations are transformed in to nonlinear ordinary differential equation. The Implicit finite
difference Keller box method is applied to find the numerical solution of nonlinear differential equation. Graphical results of fluid
velocity have been presented and discussed for the related parameters.
Keywords: MHD, boundary layer, nonlinear differential equations, and Keller box method
Dendrite Growth Model at Bonded (001) GaAs InterfaceIOSRJEEE
A periodic GaAs wafer-bonded structure was used for nonlinear optical device. Results showed voids present at the bonded GaAs twin boundary. These voids were caused by natural topographical irregularities and surface contamination. Most contamination could be eliminated by sulfur passivation treatments. However, natural irregularities are inevitable. After bonding, two kinds of crystallites were formed at the bonded (001) interfacial voids: diamond-shaped and dendritic geometries. This paper discussed the dendrite growth models within the interfacial void regions.
IJRET : International Journal of Research in Engineering and Technology is an international peer reviewed, online journal published by eSAT Publishing House for the enhancement of research in various disciplines of Engineering and Technology. The aim and scope of the journal is to provide an academic medium and an important reference for the advancement and dissemination of research results that support high-level learning, teaching and research in the fields of Engineering and Technology. We bring together Scientists, Academician, Field Engineers, Scholars and Students of related fields of Engineering and Technology
Stability Analysis of Journal Bearing Using Electro Rheological Fluid by Fini...ijsrd.com
in rotating machinery, the damping of structure which supports the rotating shaft has significant effect in machine vibration. Therefore by controlling the lubricant properties, the dynamic behavior of the system can be controlled. The objective of this paper is to study the dynamic behavior of a rotor supported by a journal bearing and fed with Electro-rheological (ER) fluid. ER fluids can be used to create ‘smart’ journal bearings & vibration controllers can be constructed to control the Stability of the ER fluid lubricated bearings. The ER fluid behaves like a Bingham fluid with a higher viscosity when electric field is applied, and restores its property when the field is removed. A reversible change in viscosity occurs in milliseconds with the electric field applied.
Performance Characteristic of Infinitely Short BearingIJSRD
An attempt has been made to analyse to performance of an infinitely rough short bearing. Here in solving the associated Reynold`s type equation in new boundary conditions involving the standard deviation associated with roughness has been used. The pressure, load carrying capacity and friction are calculated. It is found that the roughness parameter significantly affects all the above performance characteristic. It is observed that effect due to the roughness compounded by taking the effect of standard deviation on the boundary conditions.
International Journal of Engineering Research and DevelopmentIJERD Editor
Electrical, Electronics and Computer Engineering,
Information Engineering and Technology,
Mechanical, Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering,
Automation and Mechatronics Engineering,
Material and Chemical Engineering,
Civil and Architecture Engineering,
Biotechnology and Bio Engineering,
Environmental Engineering,
Petroleum and Mining Engineering,
Marine and Agriculture engineering,
Aerospace Engineering.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is an open access online peer reviewed international journal that publishes research and review articles in the fields of Computer Science, Neural Networks, Electrical Engineering, Software Engineering, Information Technology, Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Plastic Engineering, Food Technology, Textile Engineering, Nano Technology & science, Power Electronics, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computational mathematics, Image processing, Civil Engineering, Structural Engineering, Environmental Engineering, VLSI Testing & Low Power VLSI Design etc.
Profile modification of adhesively bonded cylindrical joint for maximum torqu...IJMER
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) is Peer reviewed, online Journal. It serves as an international archival forum of scholarly research related to engineering and science education.
International Journal of Modern Engineering Research (IJMER) covers all the fields of engineering and science: Electrical Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Civil Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Computer Engineering, Agricultural Engineering, Aerospace Engineering, Thermodynamics, Structural Engineering, Control Engineering, Robotics, Mechatronics, Fluid Mechanics, Nanotechnology, Simulators, Web-based Learning, Remote Laboratories, Engineering Design Methods, Education Research, Students' Satisfaction and Motivation, Global Projects, and Assessment…. And many more.
Numerical Simulations on Triaxial Strength of Silty Sand in Drained Conditionsijceronline
Silty sand deposits exhibit low bearing capacity at different density levels and depths. It may be due to low frictional values and non-plastic behaviour in nature. This study focuses on response of silty sand under drained conditions of triaxial testing using hypoplastic model. The influence of soil state parameters i.e. void ratio/relative density, and consolidation pressure level on drained response of silty sands is examined from the model simulations. The model results are displayed graphically in terms of stress-strain curves, stress paths and volume change-strain plots. The results reveal that the response of soil is dependent on both the combination of density and consolidation pressure levels.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) aims to cover the latest outstanding developments in the field of all Engineering Technologies & science.
International Journal of Engineering Research and Applications (IJERA) is a team of researchers not publication services or private publications running the journals for monetary benefits, we are association of scientists and academia who focus only on supporting authors who want to publish their work. The articles published in our journal can be accessed online, all the articles will be archived for real time access.
Our journal system primarily aims to bring out the research talent and the works done by sciaentists, academia, engineers, practitioners, scholars, post graduate students of engineering and science. This journal aims to cover the scientific research in a broader sense and not publishing a niche area of research facilitating researchers from various verticals to publish their papers. It is also aimed to provide a platform for the researchers to publish in a shorter of time, enabling them to continue further All articles published are freely available to scientific researchers in the Government agencies,educators and the general public. We are taking serious efforts to promote our journal across the globe in various ways, we are sure that our journal will act as a scientific platform for all researchers to publish their works online.
The design and simulation of magneto-rheological damper for automobile suspen...IJRES Journal
As the application of magneto-rheological (MR) damper in automobile suspension semi-active
control, according to the character of the MR fluid and the relations between the damping force of MR damper
and the structure parameters, the new-type automobile suspension MR damper was designed. At present, the
design method of MR damper is still depended on the experience of the designer, which can't be calculated
accurately. In this paper, after a review of the features and models of MR materials and devices, geometrical
design and magnetic circuit design of MR damper were presented and discussed in detail, then the performance
of MR damper was analyzed by MATLAB. Simulation results showed that the design method of this automobile
suspension MR damper was feasible and the test performance was satisfactory, which could meet the
requirements of damping system for automobile suspension and achieve the required adjustable range of
anticipative damping force.
Performance Analysis and Comparison of Journal Bearing using Ferro Fluid & Ma...ijsrd.com
Now days the works are focuses on Smart fluid technology which is an emerging field of research and that has lead to the introduction of Ferro fluids, they are smart materials whose rheological properties (viscosity, yield stress, shear modulus etc.) can be readily controlled on appliance of an magnetic field. Recent studies show that there is an increasing interest in designing hydro dynamically lubricated bearings using electro-rheological fluids (ERFs) or magneto rheological fluids (MRFs). Both smart fluids behave like Bingham fluids, and thus the Bingham plastic model is used to describe the grease and the electro-rheological (ER) and magneto-rheological (MR) fluids behavior of the non-Newtonian fluid flow. This work is concerned with the Computational fluid Dynamics of the hydrodynamic journal bearings lubricated with Ferro fluid and comparison of magneto rheological fluid. .. The solution renders the bearing performance characteristics, namely, load carrying capacity, attitude angle, frictional force at the journal surface, friction Coefficient and bearing side leakage. Ferro fluids can solve many difficult sealing, lubricating, detection, heat transfer and damping problems. Design of smart journal-bearing systems is an important issue that opens up the possibility for semi active dynamic control of bearing behavior using smart fluid technology.
The Analysis and Modification of SPUR Gear Designijsrd.com
This application are explain the design the spur gear and dimension specification. Its have a involving morden design, specific character, specific materials, with consideration of analysis of force, and its mechanical properties. These approach for morden spur gear design developing the tooth profils with modified the shape and improving the dimension. The main purpose of morden sper gear design it increases the power transmitting capacity and also improves the efficiency of power transmission.
NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF FORCED CONVECTION IN OIL SANDS USING LATTICE BOLTZMAN...IAEME Publication
Lattice Boltzmann method is used to simulate forced convection in oil sands (low permeable porous geometries). Fluid flows through a sandstone look alike square geometry with left wall of the geometry kept at higher temperature compared to other walls. Investigation is carried out to study influence of increased temperature on flow properties by observing the variation in velocity and temperature profiles for various permeability and porosity values, which were varied to match the geometrical properties of oil sands.
A comprehensive literature review on different theories of laminated plates have been
reviewed and discussed thoroughly. It has been found that there are two main theories of
laminated plates which are known as linear and nonlinear theories. The two theories are
depending on the magnitude of deformation resulting from loading the given plates. The
difference between the two theories is that the deformations are small in the linear theory,
whereas they are finite or large in the nonlinear theory.
In comparisons between FEM and different numerical methods it has been found that
FEM can be considered of acceptable accuracy, and can also be applied to different
complicated geometries and shapes.
Fixity depth of offshore piles in elastoplastic soft clay under dynamic loadeSAT Journals
Abstract
This work represents study of dynamic behavior of offshore piles embedded in elastoplastic soft clay, and estimating the fixity depth of pile. ABAQUS finite element program which used to simulate the problem. The soil was modeled in two case elastic state model and elastoplastic state model represented by cam-clay model, three dimension element used to represent the interaction between pile and soil, and laboratory tests used to getting the real properties of clayey soil and to descried interface. The results obtained developed two empirical equations used to calculate depth of pile fixity for pile embedded in elastic and elastoplastic soil respectively. Also, show the depth of pile fixity is increase about (40 %) due to change soil model from elastic to plastic, when pile embedded in elastoplastic soil its dependent on soil strength, interface properties and pile rigidity. The pile head displacement is increase about 90 % while the bending moment is decease 10 % at pile head.
Similar to Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates (20)
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
The publishing industry has been selling digital audiobooks and ebooks for over a decade and has found its groove. What’s changed? What has stayed the same? Where do we go from here? Join a group of leading sales peers from across the industry for a conversation about the lessons learned since the popularization of digital books, best practices, digital book supply chain management, and more.
Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
Presented by BookNet Canada on May 28, 2024, with support from the Department of Canadian Heritage.
Generative AI Deep Dive: Advancing from Proof of Concept to ProductionAggregage
Join Maher Hanafi, VP of Engineering at Betterworks, in this new session where he'll share a practical framework to transform Gen AI prototypes into impactful products! He'll delve into the complexities of data collection and management, model selection and optimization, and ensuring security, scalability, and responsible use.
A tale of scale & speed: How the US Navy is enabling software delivery from l...sonjaschweigert1
Rapid and secure feature delivery is a goal across every application team and every branch of the DoD. The Navy’s DevSecOps platform, Party Barge, has achieved:
- Reduction in onboarding time from 5 weeks to 1 day
- Improved developer experience and productivity through actionable findings and reduction of false positives
- Maintenance of superior security standards and inherent policy enforcement with Authorization to Operate (ATO)
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Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
1. International Journal of Engineering Inventions
e-ISSN: 2278-7461, p-ISSN: 2319-6491
Volume 3, Issue 3 (Oct. 2013) PP: 66-73
Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication
of Triangular Plates
Biradar Kashinath
Department of Mathematics, Government College, Gulbarga-585105, India
Abstract: In this paper the analysis of the effect of transverse magnetic field on the couple stress squeeze film
lubrication between triangular plates is presented. The modified Reynolds equation is derived. The closed form
expressions are obtained for the MHD squeeze film pressure, load carrying capacity and squeeze film time. The
results are presented for different values of operating parameters. It is observed, that the effect of applied
magnetic field on the squeeze film lubrication between triangular plates with couple stress fluids is to increase
the load carrying capacity significantly and to delay the time of approach as compared to the corresponding
non-magnetic case.
Key words: Squeeze film, Triangular plates, Couple-stress fluid, Magnetic field.
I.
INTRODUCTION
Magneto hydrodynamics (MHD) is the physical mathematical framework that concern the dynamics of
electrically conducting fluids. Examples of such fluids include plasma, liquid metals, and salt water or
electrolytes. The word magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) is derived from magneto-meaning magnetic field,
hydro-meaning liquid and dynamics-meaning movements of an object by forces. Hartmann studied,
theoretically and experimentally the flow of an incompressible fluid between parallel planes with magnetic field
normal to them. Hence this type of flow is called Hartmann flow. Hartmann number is the constant which
gives the ratio between the magnetic viscosity and the ordinary viscosity in the flow of a fluid.
In recent years considerable attention has been devoted to various problems on the motion of an
electrically conducting liquid lubricant in MHD theory of lubrication. Magnetohydrodynamic lubrication flow
between parallel rotating disks was analyzed by Huges and Elco [1]. They concluded that the load capacity of
the bearing is dependent on the MHD interactions in the fluid and the frictional torque on the rotor can be made
zero for both field configurations by supplying electrical energy through the electrodes to the fluid. Elco and
Huges [1] studied MHD pressurization of liquid metal bearings. They found that the load capacity can be
increased and with no flow or external pressurization a load can be obtained with reasonable values of magnetic
field strength and current. Kuzma [2] presented the MHD journal bearing. It is shown that the load carrying
capacity is increased by the application of a magnetic field. The MHD squeeze film was studied by Kuzma et.al
[3]. Magnetohydrodynamics squeeze films are investigated theoretically and experimentally. The theory of
MHD lubrication as applied to squeeze films is extended to include film inertia effects and buoyant forces.
Excellent agreement is obtained between theory and experiment. Dodge et.al [4] presented MHD squeeze film
bearings. They observed that the squeeze action is altered significantly when the electric field is symmetrical
about the centre of the bearing and results are presented for various values of the Hartmann number. Malik and
Singh [5] presented analysis of finite MHD journal bearings. Hamza [6] analyzed the MHD squeeze film. The
results show that the electromagnetic forces increase the load carrying capacity considerably. The
Magnetohydrodynamic effects on a fluid film squeezed between two rotating surfaces were presented by Hamza
[7]. He concluded that, the combined effect of the magnetic forces and the centrifugal inertial forces on the
velocity profiles, the load capacity and the torque that the fluid exerts on the surfaces are studied. In general, the
results show that these two forces have opposite effects. Das [8] presented a study of optimum load bearing
capacity for slider bearing lubricated with couplestress fluids in magnetic field. It is observed that the value of
maximum load capacity depend on couplestress and magnetic parameters. Lin [9] analyzed MHD squeeze film
characteristics between annular disks. He concluded that the influence of magnetic fields signifies an
enhancement in the squeeze film pressure. On the whole, the magnetic field affect characterized by the
Hartmann number provides an increase in values of load carrying capacity and the response time as compared
to the classical non-conducting lubricant case. Finite difference solution for MHD flow of couplestress fluid
between two concentric rotating cylinders with porous lining was studied by Murthy et.al [10]. They observed
that as porous lining thickness increases, the slip velocity decreases. As magnetic field strength increases,
velocity increases, slip velocity increases and there by skin friction increases. Dynamic characteristics for MHD
wide slider bearings with an exponential film profile were studied by Lin and Lu [11]. They observed that the
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2. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
presence of externally applied magnetic fields signifies on enhancement in the film pressure. On the whole, the
applied magnetic-field effects by the characterized by the Hartmann number provide a significant increase in
values of load carrying capacity, the stiffness co-efficient and damping co-efficient as compared to the nonconducting lubricant case. Derivation of two dimensional couplestress hydromagnetic squeeze film Reynolds
equation and application to wide parallel rectangular plates was analyzed by Lin et.al [12]. They found that the
effects of couplestress and external magnetic fields provide an increase in the load capacity and response time
as compared to the classical Newtonian hydrodynamic rectangular squeeze film plates. The problem of MHD
couplestress squeeze film lubrication between triangular plates has not be studied so far in the literature known
in this field. Hence, in this paper an attempt has been made to analyze the effect of applied magnetic field on the
squeeze film lubrication between triangular plates with Stokes [13] couplestress fluid.
II.
MATHEMATICAL FORMULATION
The geometry and the configuration of the bearing system is as shown fig. 1. The lower plate is assumed to be
fixed while the upper plate moves normally towards the lower plate with a uniform velocity
. The
lubricant in the film region is assumed to be the couple stress fluid.
z
h
t
x
y
B0
Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of the Rectangular Bearing
The basic equations governing the hydromagnetic flow of the couplestress lubricant in the fluid film region are
given by
2 u 4 u B02
1 p
u
2
4
z
x
z
2
2
4
v v B0
1 p
v
2
4
z
y
z
,
(1)
,
(2)
p
0,
z
u v w
0 .
x y z
(3)
(4)
The relevant boundary conditions are
i) At the upper surface ( z = h)
2u 2 v
u v 0, 2 2 0 ,
z
z
(5a)
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3. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
w dh
dt ,
(5b)
ii) At the lower surface (z = 0)
u v 0,
2u 2 v
0
z 2 z 2
(6a)
w 0,
(6b)
The solution of the equations (1) and (2) subject to the boundary conditions (5a) and (6a) is obtained in the form
A(2 z h)
B (2 z h)
2
A2Cosh
2
B Cosh
h0 p
1
2l
2l
u
2
1
2
2
Ah
Bh
M 0 x ( A B )
Cosh
Cosh
2l
2l
(7)
Similarly,
A(2 z h)
B(2 z h)
2
A2 Cosh
B Cosh
h02 p
1
2l
2l
v
1
2
2
2
Ah
Bh
M 0 y ( A B )
Cosh
Cosh
2l
2l
M0 B0 h0 ( )1
Where,
2
is the Hartmann number.
1
2
1 1 4l 2 B0 /
A
2
1
(8)
2
2
1
2
1 1 4l 2 B0 /
, B
2
1
2
2
Substituting (7) & (8) in the continuity equation (4) and integrating across the film thickness h and use of the
boundary conditions (5b) and (6b) gives the modified Reynolds equation in the form
(9)
2
2
2
M dh / dt
p p
2 2 0
2
x
y
h0 f (h, l , M 0 )
where
f ( h, l , M 0 )
2l B 2
Ah A2
Bh
tanh
tanh
h
2
2
2l
B
2l
A B A
The boundary conditions for the pressure field are
p( x1 , y1 )0
(10)
where
( x1 a)( x1 3 y1 2a)( x1 3 y1 2a) 0
and a is the length of the side of the equilateral triangle whose equation is
( x a )( x 3 y 2a )( x 3 y 2a ) 0
The point of intersection of the medians of the triangle is selected as the origin Solution of (9) with condition
(10) gives the pressure equation in the form
p
M 02 dh / dt a 2
3 2
3 2
1 3
3
2
1 2 x1 2 y1 3 x1 3 x1 y1
h f (h, l , M 0 ) 3 4a
4a
4a
4a
2
0
(11)
The expression for the pressure distribution in dimensionless form is
P
3
ph0
(dh dt )3 3a 2
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4. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
3 y* x*
3 y * x*
1 x* 1
1
M
2
2
2
2
* *
F (h , l , M 0 )
9 3
2
0
(12)
Where
l*
2l * x * y *
h
, x , y ,h
h0
a
a
h0
F (h* , l * , M 0 )
B*2
l*
A* h* A*2
B* h*
tanh * * tanh * h*
A*2 B*2 A*
l
B
l
1 1 l 2 M 2 1 2
0
A
,
2
1 1 l 2 M 2 1 2
0
B
2
12
12
The expression for the load-supporting capacity is obtained by
2 a x1
a
W
3
pdy1 dx1
2 a 2 a x1
3
W
(13)
27 3a
h f (h, l , M 0 ) h 60
M dh / dt
2
0
4
2
0
(14)
The expression for the load-supporting capacity in dimensionless form is
W*
3
2
Wh0
3M 0
1
4
* *
*
60 F (h , l , M 0 ) h
27 dh dt a
(15)
The expression for the time-height relation is
27 3a 4
t
60W
M 02 dh
h1
h f (h, l , M
h0
2
0
0
) h
(16)
The expression for the time-height relation in dimensionless form is
t1
T
t0
1
*
h1
Wh02 dt
3M 02
60
27 a 4
dh*
F (h* , l * , M ) h*
1
0
(17)
h1
*
where h1
h0
III.
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The squeeze film characteristics between the triangular parallel plates are analyzed on the basis of the Stokes
couplestress fluid theory in the presence transverse magnetic fluid. The results are presented for various values
of the non dimensional parameters like the couplestress parameter , the magnetic Hartmann number
.
The variation of non-dimensional squeeze film pressure P, with
of
,
with the parametric values of
increasesing values of
The effect of
and
, is shown in the fig. 2 for different values
= 0. It is observed that P increases for the
on the variation of P with
is depicted in fig. 3. The dotted
curves in the graph correspond to the Newtonian case ( = 0). It is found that P increases for the increasing
values of
. Further, it is to be noted that the applied tranverse magnetic field increases the squeeze film
pressure as compared to the non magnetic case (
).
The variation of non dimensional load carrying capacity W with
for different values
and
is shown in
the fig. 4 for various values of the couplestress parameter . It is observed that the couplestress
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5. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
lubricant
case
) provides the increased load carrying capacity as compared to the corresponding Newtonian
). The effect of Hartmann number
different two values of
on the variations of W with
is depicted in the fig. 5 for
. It is observed that the couplestress lubricant in the presence of magnetic
field
provides the larger load carrying capacity as compare to the corresponding non magnetic
case.
The squeeze film time is an important characteristic of the bearing characteristics in the design of squeeze film
bearings. The effect of couplestress parameter
on the variation of non dimensional squeeze film time T with
is depicted in the fig. 6. It is observed that the couplestress lubricant provides the longer squeeze film time as
compare to the corresponding Newtonian lubricants. From fig. 7 it is clear that the presence transverse magnetic
field increasing the squeeze film time significantly as compared to the corresponding non-magnetic case. Hence
the improved squeeze film characteristics are observed for the couple stress lubricant in the presence of
transverse magnetic field.
IV.
CONCLUSIONS
The following conclusions can be drawn on the basis of the result presented above
1. The significant increase in the load carrying capacity and delayed time of approach is observed for the
couple stress lubricant.
2. The effect of transverse magnetic field on the squeeze film characteristics is to increase the load carrying
capacity and squeeze film time as compare the non-magnetic case.
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Author sincerely acknowledges financial assistance by UGC, New Delhi, Wide order No. F. 41775/2012 (SR) under Major Research Project.
Nomenclature:
a
the length of the side of the equilateral triangle
B0
h
h*
h0
applied magnetic field
film thickness
dimensionless film thickness
h
h0
h1
minimum film thickness (when time t = 0)
film thickness after time t
h1
dimensionless film thickness after time t
l
couplestress parameter
l
dimensionless couplestress parameter 2l h0
M0
Hartmann number B0 h0 (
p
P
pressure in the film region
x, y, z
t
Cartesian coordinates
time
time required for the film thickness to decrease to a value h1
T
dimensionless time of approach
t
1/ 2
)1/ 2
3
dimensionless pressure ph0
(dh dt )3 3a 2
Wh
3
0
27 dh dt a4 u, v, w velocity components in x, y, z
directions
squeezing velocity dh dt
V
w
load carrying capacity
*
w
η
dimensionless load carrying capacity
Wh
3
0
27 dh dt a 4
Material constant responsible for couplestress
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6. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
viscosity of the fluid
electrical conductivity
REFERENCES
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
[8]
[9]
[10]
[11]
[12]
Huges W. F. and Elco R. A., Magnetohydrodynamic lubrication flow between parallel rotating dicks. J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 13(1),
(1962), P. 21.
Kuzma D. C., The Magnetohydrodynamic journal bearing. J. Fluids Eng., Vol. 85 (3), (1963), P. 424.
Kuzma D. C., Maki E. K. and Donelly K. J., Magnetohydrodynamic squeeze film J. Fluid Mech., Vol. 19(3), (1964), P. 395.
Dodge F. T., Osterle J. F. and Rouleau W. T., Magnetohydrodynamic squeeze film bearings. J. Fluids Eng., Vol. 87(3), (1965),
P. 805.
Malik M. and Singh D. V., Analysis of finite Magnetohydrodynamic journal bearing. Wear, Vol. 64(2), (1980), P. 2073.
Hamza E.A., The magnetohydrodynamic squeeze film. J. Tribol., Vol. 110(2), (1998), P. 375.
Hamza E.A., The magnetohydrodynamic effects on a fluid film squeezed between two rotating surfaces. J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys.,
Vol. 21, (1991), P.547
Das N. C., A study of optimum load bearing capacity for slider bearing lubricated with couplestress fluids magnetic field. Trib. Int.,
Vol. 31(7), (1998), P. 393.
Lin J. R., Magneto-hydrodynamic squeeze film characteristics between annular disks. Ind. Lubr. Trib., Vol. 53(2), (2001), P. 66.
Murthy J.V.R. and Muthu P., Finite difference solution for MHD flow of couplestress
fluid between two concentric rotating
cylinders with porous lining. Int. J. Appl. Math.and
Mech., Vol. 6(12), (2010), P. 1.
Lin J. R. and Lu R. F., Dynamic characteristics For Magneto hydrodynamic wide slider
bearings with an exponential film.
J. Mar. Sci. Tech., Vol. 18(2), (2010) P. 268.
Lin J. R., Chu L. M., Hung C. R. and Wang P. Y., Derivation of two-dimensional
couplestress hydro magnetic squeeze film
Reynolds equation and application to wide
paralle rectangular plates. Mech., Vol. 48 (1), (2013), P. 253.
M0 = 0
30
M0 = 3
*
*
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
25
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
20
P
15
10
5
0
-1
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
x
*
-0.4
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
*
0.6
0.8
1
*
Figure 2. Variation of nondimensional Pressure P with x for different values of M0 and l with
*
*
h = 0.4,y = 0.
*
*
l =0
M0 = 0
M0 = 1
M0 = 2
M0 = 2
M0 = 3
25
l = 0.3
M0 = 0
M0 = 1
30
M0 = 3
20
P
15
10
5
0
-1
-1.8
-1.6
-1.4
-1.2
-1.0
-0.8
-0.6
x
*
-0.4
*
-0.2
0
0.2
0.4
0.6
0.8
1
*
Figure3. Variation of nondimensional Pressure P with x for different values of M0 and l with
*
*
h = 0.4,y = 0.
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7. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
14
M0 = 0
M0 = 3
*
*
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
12
10
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
8
W
6
4
2
0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
h
*
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
*
Figure 4. Variation of nondimensional Load carrying capacity W with h for different values
*
of M0 and l .
14
*
*
l =0
M0 = 0
M0 = 1
M0 = 2
M0 = 3
10
M0 = 1
M0 = 2
12
l = 0.3
M0 = 0
M0 = 3
8
W
6
4
2
0
0.4
0.6
0.8
1.0
h
*
1.2
1.4
1.6
1.8
2.0
*
Figure 5. Variation of nondimensional Load carrying capacity W with h for different values
*
of l and M0 .
5
M0 = 0
M0 = 3
*
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
4
*
l =0
*
l = 0.1
*
l = 0.2
*
l = 0.3
3
T
2
1
0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
*
h1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
*
Figure 6. Variation of nondimensional squeeze film time T with h1 for different values of M0
*
and l .
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8. Magneto hydrodynamic Couple stress Squeeze Film Lubrication of Triangular Plates
5
*
*
l =0
M0 = 0
l=3
M0 = 0
M0 = 0.1
M0= 0.1
M0= 0.2
M0 = 0.2
M0 = 0.3
4
M0= 0.3
3
T
2
1
0
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
*
h1
0.7
0.8
0.9
1.0
*
Figure7. Variation of nondimensional squeeze film time T with h1 for different values of M0
*
and l .
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