This is most widely used manual technique which is widely used nowadays in as advanced rehabilitation processes. it is used in several conditions like stroke, cardiovascular disorders,to release diaphragm muscles,to release muscle tightness,to decrease spasticity,to increase range of motions of joints etc.
Dr. James Cyriax developed Cyriax techniques in the early 1900s as a systematic approach to soft tissue injuries. The techniques involve selective tissue tension testing to diagnose lesions, followed by treatments like deep friction massage, passive movements, and active exercises. Deep friction massage uses longitudinal or transverse forces to separate tissue fibers and relieve pain. Passive movements can be graded from low-force range-of-motion to high-velocity small-amplitude thrusts. Active exercises prevent immobilization effects and maintain tissue integrity. Together, Cyriax techniques aim to accurately diagnose and beneficially treat soft tissue disorders.
This document provides information on myofascial release (MFR). It discusses the history and concept of MFR, describing it as a technique that addresses tightness and restrictions in the fascia through the application of gentle, sustained pressure. The document outlines the layers and components of fascia, and how MFR is believed to work by converting restricted fascia back to a more gel-like state, allowing collagen and elastin fibers to rearrange and adhesions to release. MFR aims to restore normal play and function to the myofascial system.
This document outlines five principles of treatment for orthopedic problems: techniques, passive movements, active movements, injection and infiltration, and deep transverse friction massage. It describes the indications, contraindications, and techniques for deep transverse friction massage. This type of connective tissue massage was developed by Cyriax to treat soft tissue injuries from trauma or overuse. While the exact mechanism is unknown, it is believed to provide pain relief and better alignment of connective tissue fibers. When applied correctly, deep transverse friction massage is usually not painful and can help resolve soft tissue issues without steroid injections.
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilizationSaurab Sharma
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
This document provides an overview of neural mobilization including:
1. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as a continuous tissue tract including the central and peripheral nervous systems.
2. Key concepts in neurodynamics are introduced such as tension, sliding, compression and how nerves move with joint movements.
3. Physiological events related to neural mobilization techniques like intraneural blood flow and its maintenance during movement are covered.
4. Examples of specific neural mobilization techniques like neurodynamic sliders and tensioners are given as well as how the spine moves in flexion, extension and lateral flexion.
Myofascial release refers to the manual
technique for stretching the fascia and
releasing bonds between fascia and
Lintegument, musles,and bones, with the goal of
eliminating pain, increasing range of motion
and balancing the body.
Muscle energy technique, a manual therapy technique with a long term history and 8 variations which can be used in various condition to treat muscle as well as joints. This slide show consists of detailed history, variations/types and summary of MET in detail.
Dr. James Cyriax developed Cyriax techniques in the early 1900s as a systematic approach to soft tissue injuries. The techniques involve selective tissue tension testing to diagnose lesions, followed by treatments like deep friction massage, passive movements, and active exercises. Deep friction massage uses longitudinal or transverse forces to separate tissue fibers and relieve pain. Passive movements can be graded from low-force range-of-motion to high-velocity small-amplitude thrusts. Active exercises prevent immobilization effects and maintain tissue integrity. Together, Cyriax techniques aim to accurately diagnose and beneficially treat soft tissue disorders.
This document provides information on myofascial release (MFR). It discusses the history and concept of MFR, describing it as a technique that addresses tightness and restrictions in the fascia through the application of gentle, sustained pressure. The document outlines the layers and components of fascia, and how MFR is believed to work by converting restricted fascia back to a more gel-like state, allowing collagen and elastin fibers to rearrange and adhesions to release. MFR aims to restore normal play and function to the myofascial system.
This document outlines five principles of treatment for orthopedic problems: techniques, passive movements, active movements, injection and infiltration, and deep transverse friction massage. It describes the indications, contraindications, and techniques for deep transverse friction massage. This type of connective tissue massage was developed by Cyriax to treat soft tissue injuries from trauma or overuse. While the exact mechanism is unknown, it is believed to provide pain relief and better alignment of connective tissue fibers. When applied correctly, deep transverse friction massage is usually not painful and can help resolve soft tissue issues without steroid injections.
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
Neurodynamics, mobilization of nervous system, neural mobilizationSaurab Sharma
This is the presentation which was delivered to third year Bachelor of Physiotherapy students at Kathmandu University School of Medical Sciences (KUSMS), Dhulikhel, Nepal. Different schools of thoughts in manual therapy are the part of curriculum for the undergraduate students at KUSMS.
This document provides an overview of neural mobilization including:
1. It discusses the anatomy and physiology of the nervous system as a continuous tissue tract including the central and peripheral nervous systems.
2. Key concepts in neurodynamics are introduced such as tension, sliding, compression and how nerves move with joint movements.
3. Physiological events related to neural mobilization techniques like intraneural blood flow and its maintenance during movement are covered.
4. Examples of specific neural mobilization techniques like neurodynamic sliders and tensioners are given as well as how the spine moves in flexion, extension and lateral flexion.
Myofascial release refers to the manual
technique for stretching the fascia and
releasing bonds between fascia and
Lintegument, musles,and bones, with the goal of
eliminating pain, increasing range of motion
and balancing the body.
Muscle energy technique, a manual therapy technique with a long term history and 8 variations which can be used in various condition to treat muscle as well as joints. This slide show consists of detailed history, variations/types and summary of MET in detail.
The document discusses Kaltenborn manual mobilization techniques which use traction and gliding movements to reduce pain and increase joint mobility. It describes testing for restrictions in joint play, end feels, and functional movements to determine appropriate treatment grades of mobilization parallel or perpendicular to the treatment plane. Indications for treatment include restricted joint play or abnormal end feels while contraindications include various pathological bone and joint conditions.
Manual therapy techniques like joint mobilizations and manipulations can be used to safely restore normal joint mechanics and reduce trauma. Effective use requires knowledge of anatomy, arthrokinematics, and pathologies. Several concepts for manual therapy techniques were introduced, including Cyriax, Mulligan, Maitland, and McKenzie. Contraindications include inflammation, effusion, and hypermobility while indications include reversible hypomobility and functional limitations responding to mechanical treatment. Grading systems determine appropriate mobilization force and different joints require specific examination and treatment techniques.
A type of manual therapy in which the muscle or the joint is altered and placed in a position of comfort for certain duration after which the pain disappears completely or gets reduced. this slide show explains about the principles, mechanism and Phases of PRT
The document discusses principles of mobilization treatment techniques from Maitland's text, including factors that govern passive movement, the method for selecting techniques, and eight principles for direction, patient/therapist position, force localization/application, and progression. It also covers grades, rhythms, and uses of movements like oscillations, distraction, and compression in treatment.
Brian Mulligan described novel concept of the simultaneous application of therapist applied accessory mobilizations and patient generated active movements
Concept given by Shacklock (modern concept) and Butler (old concept), a method of assessment as well as treatment of peripheral neurological system by physiotherapists.
Part-I: The current slideshow: theoretical aspect of neurodynamics.
Part-II: Assessment of peripheral nervous system on the basis of neurodynamic concepts: Date: 01/04/2020
Part-III: treatment part: Date: 03/04/2020
Part-IV: Self neurodynamics: 05/04/2020
The document discusses proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), a technique developed by Herman Kabat that uses movements and patterns to improve neuromuscular function. It defines key PNF terms and outlines principles such as motor development occurring from head to toe. The basic procedures are described, including manual contacts, stretch, and maximal resistance. Upper and lower extremity diagonal patterns are explained along with their component motions. Rhythmic initiation is also summarized.
Introduction to muscle energy techniques (METs)Fared Alkordi
The use of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs) to reduce muscle pain and improve muscle length. Types, physiological mechanisms and practical techniques in clinical settings.
The McKenzie Method is a classification system and treatment approach developed by Robin McKenzie for back, neck, and extremity pain. It involves assessing a patient's response to various movements and positions to determine the cause of their pain and develop an individualized exercise plan. The goals are to centralize or reduce pain. There are three main syndromes - postural, dysfunction, and derangement - each with different treatments like posture correction, mobilizing exercises, or movements to induce a directional preference. The McKenzie Method aims to actively involve patients to self-manage their pain.
Presentation slides from our recent workshop on Myofascial Release. This workshop was delivered from our St John Street Clinic in Manchester on Saturday 17th March.
A chronicle on muscle strengthening:
MMT is a procedure for the evaluation of strength of individual
muscle or muscles group, based upon the effective performance of a movement in relation to the forces of gravity or manual resistance through the available ROM.
Muscle plasticity in response to electrical stimulationDrPriyanka PT
The document summarizes research on how skeletal muscle adapts in response to chronic low frequency electrical stimulation. Some key findings include:
- Chronic low frequency stimulation can transform a fast twitch muscle fiber into a slow twitch fiber over time by altering gene expression and protein isoform levels. Metabolic and contractile properties are modified.
- Early changes include increased mitochondria, oxidative enzymes, and capillaries, making the muscle more fatigue-resistant. Later changes involve altering thick and thin filament proteins to resemble slow twitch fibers.
- While electrical stimulation activates all motor units simultaneously, bypassing normal recruitment patterns, it allows for standardized study of muscle adaptation to increased use in a way not possible with voluntary exercise.
Cyriax, a manual therapy technique, used to treat the soft tissue related pain. invented by James Cyriax who also coined the term "orthopedic medicine". There are various techniques described by Cyriax under the concept which are; infiltration, deep friction massage, manipulation and traction.
Muscle re-education aims to regain normal muscle function through therapeutic techniques. It involves developing motor awareness, voluntary control, strength, endurance and safe, acceptable movement patterns. Key techniques to activate denervated or weak muscles include passive motion, cutaneous stimulation, electrical stimulation and EMG biofeedback. A thorough patient evaluation is required to determine the appropriate re-education program based on factors like joint mobility, alignment and available motor and sensory pathways.
Basic Introduction about Joint Mobilisation and Manipulation, This article gives clear notes for the students to understand the Mobilisation techniques.
Kinesio tape was developed in the 1970s by a Japanese chiropractor and aims to enhance sports performance and treat orthopedic and neurological conditions. It is applied to the skin over muscles and joints to provide support without restricting range of motion while stimulating the sensory motor system to increase blood flow and facilitate or inhibit muscle contraction depending on the taping technique used. Studies have shown Kinesio taping can provide pain relief and faster recovery for various injuries like groin pain, back pain, and ankle sprains when applied by a certified physiotherapist.
This document discusses transfemoral prostheses. It begins with an introduction to transfemoral amputation, which is the amputation of the leg between the knee and hip. It then covers the rehabilitation process for individuals with a transfemoral amputation, including exercises and management of the residual limb. Finally, it describes the components of transfemoral prostheses, including different socket designs, suspension methods, knee and foot options. The goal of rehabilitation and prosthetic training is to help individuals regain mobility and independence.
The document discusses Kaltenborn manual mobilization techniques which use traction and gliding movements to reduce pain and increase joint mobility. It describes testing for restrictions in joint play, end feels, and functional movements to determine appropriate treatment grades of mobilization parallel or perpendicular to the treatment plane. Indications for treatment include restricted joint play or abnormal end feels while contraindications include various pathological bone and joint conditions.
Manual therapy techniques like joint mobilizations and manipulations can be used to safely restore normal joint mechanics and reduce trauma. Effective use requires knowledge of anatomy, arthrokinematics, and pathologies. Several concepts for manual therapy techniques were introduced, including Cyriax, Mulligan, Maitland, and McKenzie. Contraindications include inflammation, effusion, and hypermobility while indications include reversible hypomobility and functional limitations responding to mechanical treatment. Grading systems determine appropriate mobilization force and different joints require specific examination and treatment techniques.
A type of manual therapy in which the muscle or the joint is altered and placed in a position of comfort for certain duration after which the pain disappears completely or gets reduced. this slide show explains about the principles, mechanism and Phases of PRT
The document discusses principles of mobilization treatment techniques from Maitland's text, including factors that govern passive movement, the method for selecting techniques, and eight principles for direction, patient/therapist position, force localization/application, and progression. It also covers grades, rhythms, and uses of movements like oscillations, distraction, and compression in treatment.
Brian Mulligan described novel concept of the simultaneous application of therapist applied accessory mobilizations and patient generated active movements
Concept given by Shacklock (modern concept) and Butler (old concept), a method of assessment as well as treatment of peripheral neurological system by physiotherapists.
Part-I: The current slideshow: theoretical aspect of neurodynamics.
Part-II: Assessment of peripheral nervous system on the basis of neurodynamic concepts: Date: 01/04/2020
Part-III: treatment part: Date: 03/04/2020
Part-IV: Self neurodynamics: 05/04/2020
The document discusses proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF), a technique developed by Herman Kabat that uses movements and patterns to improve neuromuscular function. It defines key PNF terms and outlines principles such as motor development occurring from head to toe. The basic procedures are described, including manual contacts, stretch, and maximal resistance. Upper and lower extremity diagonal patterns are explained along with their component motions. Rhythmic initiation is also summarized.
Introduction to muscle energy techniques (METs)Fared Alkordi
The use of Muscle Energy Techniques (METs) to reduce muscle pain and improve muscle length. Types, physiological mechanisms and practical techniques in clinical settings.
The McKenzie Method is a classification system and treatment approach developed by Robin McKenzie for back, neck, and extremity pain. It involves assessing a patient's response to various movements and positions to determine the cause of their pain and develop an individualized exercise plan. The goals are to centralize or reduce pain. There are three main syndromes - postural, dysfunction, and derangement - each with different treatments like posture correction, mobilizing exercises, or movements to induce a directional preference. The McKenzie Method aims to actively involve patients to self-manage their pain.
Presentation slides from our recent workshop on Myofascial Release. This workshop was delivered from our St John Street Clinic in Manchester on Saturday 17th March.
A chronicle on muscle strengthening:
MMT is a procedure for the evaluation of strength of individual
muscle or muscles group, based upon the effective performance of a movement in relation to the forces of gravity or manual resistance through the available ROM.
Muscle plasticity in response to electrical stimulationDrPriyanka PT
The document summarizes research on how skeletal muscle adapts in response to chronic low frequency electrical stimulation. Some key findings include:
- Chronic low frequency stimulation can transform a fast twitch muscle fiber into a slow twitch fiber over time by altering gene expression and protein isoform levels. Metabolic and contractile properties are modified.
- Early changes include increased mitochondria, oxidative enzymes, and capillaries, making the muscle more fatigue-resistant. Later changes involve altering thick and thin filament proteins to resemble slow twitch fibers.
- While electrical stimulation activates all motor units simultaneously, bypassing normal recruitment patterns, it allows for standardized study of muscle adaptation to increased use in a way not possible with voluntary exercise.
Cyriax, a manual therapy technique, used to treat the soft tissue related pain. invented by James Cyriax who also coined the term "orthopedic medicine". There are various techniques described by Cyriax under the concept which are; infiltration, deep friction massage, manipulation and traction.
Muscle re-education aims to regain normal muscle function through therapeutic techniques. It involves developing motor awareness, voluntary control, strength, endurance and safe, acceptable movement patterns. Key techniques to activate denervated or weak muscles include passive motion, cutaneous stimulation, electrical stimulation and EMG biofeedback. A thorough patient evaluation is required to determine the appropriate re-education program based on factors like joint mobility, alignment and available motor and sensory pathways.
Basic Introduction about Joint Mobilisation and Manipulation, This article gives clear notes for the students to understand the Mobilisation techniques.
Kinesio tape was developed in the 1970s by a Japanese chiropractor and aims to enhance sports performance and treat orthopedic and neurological conditions. It is applied to the skin over muscles and joints to provide support without restricting range of motion while stimulating the sensory motor system to increase blood flow and facilitate or inhibit muscle contraction depending on the taping technique used. Studies have shown Kinesio taping can provide pain relief and faster recovery for various injuries like groin pain, back pain, and ankle sprains when applied by a certified physiotherapist.
This document discusses transfemoral prostheses. It begins with an introduction to transfemoral amputation, which is the amputation of the leg between the knee and hip. It then covers the rehabilitation process for individuals with a transfemoral amputation, including exercises and management of the residual limb. Finally, it describes the components of transfemoral prostheses, including different socket designs, suspension methods, knee and foot options. The goal of rehabilitation and prosthetic training is to help individuals regain mobility and independence.
This document provides information about Achilles tendinopathy, including:
- It is a common overuse injury among athletes and the general public.
- It can be classified based on its location as insertional, non-insertional, or proximal tendinopathy.
- Risk factors include excessive loading, tight calf muscles, foot abnormalities, and medical issues.
- Diagnosis involves physical exams like the Arc sign and imaging like ultrasound or MRI.
- Treatment begins with rest, bracing, eccentric exercises, and other conservative methods, with surgery reserved for severe cases.
Physiotherapy plays an important role in restoring patients after abdominal surgery through a variety of interventions. The goals of physiotherapy are to control postoperative pain, promote wound healing, prevent complications like atelectasis and DVT, and strengthen and mobilize weakened muscles. Treatments include breathing exercises, electrotherapy modalities like TENS and interferential therapy for pain management, soft tissue massage, and corrective positioning with passive and active movements to prevent stiffness. Physiotherapy aims to restore patients' optimum functional ability in both the short term to aid recovery and long term to improve strength, endurance, and functional capacity.
1. The document discusses various treatment approaches for temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) including definitive treatments that address etiological factors and supportive treatments aimed at managing symptoms.
2. Definitive treatments include occlusal appliance therapy using stabilization, anterior positioning, anterior/posterior bite planes, and pivoting/soft appliances to modify occlusion. Other definitive treatments are selective tooth grinding and restorative/orthodontic procedures.
3. Supportive treatments involve physical therapies like heat/coolant therapy, ultrasound, TENS, acupuncture and manual techniques as well as pharmacological therapies.
The document discusses the muscles of mastication. It begins by defining muscles and mastication. It then covers the development, classification, anatomy, actions, and clinical significance of the four primary muscles - temporalis, masseter, lateral pterygoid, and medial pterygoid. Secondary muscles like digastric, mylohyoid, and geniohyoid are also mentioned. Common muscle disorders like MPDS, trismus, and bruxism are summarized. Palpation techniques for muscles are provided along with their importance in dentistry.
Ankle & Foot Physiotherapy Management SRSSreeraj S R
This document discusses common ankle injuries including sprains and fractures. It describes the ligaments surrounding the ankle and classifications of ankle sprains. The acute, subacute, and maturation stages of rehabilitation are outlined with goals, interventions, and sample exercises described for each stage. Criteria for return to activity are provided, with warnings about potential increases in pain or inflammation. References are listed at the end.
- Inguinal hernias occur when abdominal tissue protrudes through the groin area due to weakness in the abdominal wall. Hernia repair surgery closes this weakness using mesh or stitches. Potential side effects include pain, swelling, and bruising that usually clear within a week. Complications are rare but can include infection, bleeding, or nerve pain. Physical therapy focuses on regaining strength in the abdominal and hip muscles.
- Appendectomy is the surgical removal of the appendix, usually to treat appendicitis. The standard incision is gridiron (McBurney) which splits abdominal muscles. Patients are encouraged to change positions and perform light exercises after a few days to prevent complications like muscle weakness or respiratory issues
Osteoarthritis of the Knee Joint is a quite common condition found in Indian Population. This presentation is made to understand how this condition affects patients and what are the different Physiotherapy measures to make the patient functionally independent.
PNF (proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation) is a technique that uses stimulation of proprioceptors to facilitate muscle response and increase range of motion. The hold-relax technique is a key part of PNF. It involves isometric contraction of the hypertonic muscle or its antagonist, holding for 15 seconds then relaxing. This lengthens the hypertonic muscle and increases range of motion.
To treat right torticollis, the therapist stands behind the patient in sitting and cups one hand under the chin while the other applies resistance to side flexion and rotation to the right.
Poor posture is caused by insufficient and unnecessary muscle effort. To re-educate posture, relaxation, mobility,
This document discusses the management of spasticity through pharmacological, surgical, and physiotherapy approaches.
Pharmacological management includes medications like baclofen, tizanidine, and diazepam which can help reduce spasticity but have side effects like sedation. Botulinum toxin injections target specific muscles to weaken them.
Surgical options are neurostimulation or neuroablative procedures like peripheral neurotomies. Physiotherapy includes sustained stretching, positioning, serial casting, orthotics, strength training, Roods approach, and modalities like TENS, heat, and cold therapy. Studies show these approaches can effectively reduce spasticity without increasing weakness. Management must be tailored to
Paraplegia is a spinal cord injury that paralyzes the lower limbs, caused by damage to the spinal cord and nervous system. It affects movement in the trunk, legs, and pelvic region. Causes include spinal fractures, tumors, infections, and trauma. Paraplegia is categorized as complete or incomplete based on the extent of movement loss. Complications include pressure sores, urinary issues, muscle tightness, osteoporosis, and respiratory problems. Physiotherapy focuses on prevention of complications, strengthening, stretching, mobility training, and achieving independence through exercise and assistive devices.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
offering a wide range of dental certified courses in different formats.for more details please visit
www.indiandentalacademy.com
Myasthenia Gravis is an autoimmune disorder affecting the neuromuscular junction. Physiotherapy can help patient not only in teaching the patients learn muscle energy conservation technique but also improve the overall functional status of the patient.
The temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is a synovial joint between the temporal bone of the skull and the mandible. It has two articulating surfaces separated by an intra-articular disc. Common pathologies include myofascial pain disorders, internal derangements, traumatic injuries, arthritis, and ankylosis. Myofascial pain is treated initially with rest, soft diet, NSAIDs and splint therapy. Internal derangements are classified and treated based on disc location and symptoms. Surgery may be needed for advanced cases or when non-surgical treatment fails.
This document discusses periarthritis of the shoulder, also known as frozen shoulder. It begins by defining the condition as an inflammatory disorder of the shoulder joint and surrounding soft tissues. It then describes the three stages of frozen shoulder according to Cyriax: stage 1 involves pain with movement, stage 2 includes increased stiffness, and stage 3 is the recovery stage with gradual return of movement. The document outlines causes such as injury, prolonged immobility, diabetes, and thyroid disorders. Signs, symptoms, diagnosis, and management are explained, including medications, cortisone injections, physical therapy, and possibly surgery if conservative treatment fails.
1) Visceral manipulation is a gentle manual therapy developed by Dr. Jean-Pierre Barral to encourage normal mobility and motion of the viscera. It aims to reestablish proprioceptive communication in the body for improved health.
2) The document discusses the four categories of visceral motion, movements of mobility and motility, and the systems that support abdominal organs like the double layer system and turgor.
3) Assessment methods like listening, mobility testing, and manual thermal diagnosis are used to identify restrictions. Treatment uses functional methods, recoil, and induction of motility. Benefits include reduced pain and increased organ health.
Traction is a physical force which brings about separation of the joint through the bone along its long axis. This can be done manually or mechanically and provides several beneficial effects.
This document discusses various neurodynamic mobilization techniques used to assess and treat neural tension. It begins by defining neurodynamics and describing principles of neural mobilization including applying gentle oscillatory movements when tension is detected. Several upper and lower extremity neural tension tests are then described in detail, including the upper limb neurodynamic test for the median, radial and ulnar nerves, the straight leg raise for the sciatic nerve, slump-sitting maneuver, prone knee bend for the femoral nerve. Precautions for each technique are provided. The document concludes by briefly defining carpal tunnel syndrome.
Similar to Myofascial release technique(MFR).pptx (20)
it describes the bony anatomy including the femoral head , acetabulum, labrum . also discusses the capsule , ligaments . muscle that act on the hip joint and the range of motion are outlined. factors affecting hip joint stability and weight transmission through the joint are summarized.
বাংলাদেশের অর্থনৈতিক সমীক্ষা ২০২৪ [Bangladesh Economic Review 2024 Bangla.pdf] কম্পিউটার , ট্যাব ও স্মার্ট ফোন ভার্সন সহ সম্পূর্ণ বাংলা ই-বুক বা pdf বই " সুচিপত্র ...বুকমার্ক মেনু 🔖 ও হাইপার লিংক মেনু 📝👆 যুক্ত ..
আমাদের সবার জন্য খুব খুব গুরুত্বপূর্ণ একটি বই ..বিসিএস, ব্যাংক, ইউনিভার্সিটি ভর্তি ও যে কোন প্রতিযোগিতা মূলক পরীক্ষার জন্য এর খুব ইম্পরট্যান্ট একটি বিষয় ...তাছাড়া বাংলাদেশের সাম্প্রতিক যে কোন ডাটা বা তথ্য এই বইতে পাবেন ...
তাই একজন নাগরিক হিসাবে এই তথ্য গুলো আপনার জানা প্রয়োজন ...।
বিসিএস ও ব্যাংক এর লিখিত পরীক্ষা ...+এছাড়া মাধ্যমিক ও উচ্চমাধ্যমিকের স্টুডেন্টদের জন্য অনেক কাজে আসবে ...
This presentation was provided by Steph Pollock of The American Psychological Association’s Journals Program, and Damita Snow, of The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE), for the initial session of NISO's 2024 Training Series "DEIA in the Scholarly Landscape." Session One: 'Setting Expectations: a DEIA Primer,' was held June 6, 2024.
LAND USE LAND COVER AND NDVI OF MIRZAPUR DISTRICT, UPRAHUL
This Dissertation explores the particular circumstances of Mirzapur, a region located in the
core of India. Mirzapur, with its varied terrains and abundant biodiversity, offers an optimal
environment for investigating the changes in vegetation cover dynamics. Our study utilizes
advanced technologies such as GIS (Geographic Information Systems) and Remote sensing to
analyze the transformations that have taken place over the course of a decade.
The complex relationship between human activities and the environment has been the focus
of extensive research and worry. As the global community grapples with swift urbanization,
population expansion, and economic progress, the effects on natural ecosystems are becoming
more evident. A crucial element of this impact is the alteration of vegetation cover, which plays a
significant role in maintaining the ecological equilibrium of our planet.Land serves as the foundation for all human activities and provides the necessary materials for
these activities. As the most crucial natural resource, its utilization by humans results in different
'Land uses,' which are determined by both human activities and the physical characteristics of the
land.
The utilization of land is impacted by human needs and environmental factors. In countries
like India, rapid population growth and the emphasis on extensive resource exploitation can lead
to significant land degradation, adversely affecting the region's land cover.
Therefore, human intervention has significantly influenced land use patterns over many
centuries, evolving its structure over time and space. In the present era, these changes have
accelerated due to factors such as agriculture and urbanization. Information regarding land use and
cover is essential for various planning and management tasks related to the Earth's surface,
providing crucial environmental data for scientific, resource management, policy purposes, and
diverse human activities.
Accurate understanding of land use and cover is imperative for the development planning
of any area. Consequently, a wide range of professionals, including earth system scientists, land
and water managers, and urban planners, are interested in obtaining data on land use and cover
changes, conversion trends, and other related patterns. The spatial dimensions of land use and
cover support policymakers and scientists in making well-informed decisions, as alterations in
these patterns indicate shifts in economic and social conditions. Monitoring such changes with the
help of Advanced technologies like Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems is
crucial for coordinated efforts across different administrative levels. Advanced technologies like
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information Systems
9
Changes in vegetation cover refer to variations in the distribution, composition, and overall
structure of plant communities across different temporal and spatial scales. These changes can
occur natural.
Leveraging Generative AI to Drive Nonprofit InnovationTechSoup
In this webinar, participants learned how to utilize Generative AI to streamline operations and elevate member engagement. Amazon Web Service experts provided a customer specific use cases and dived into low/no-code tools that are quick and easy to deploy through Amazon Web Service (AWS.)
A review of the growth of the Israel Genealogy Research Association Database Collection for the last 12 months. Our collection is now passed the 3 million mark and still growing. See which archives have contributed the most. See the different types of records we have, and which years have had records added. You can also see what we have for the future.
This presentation includes basic of PCOS their pathology and treatment and also Ayurveda correlation of PCOS and Ayurvedic line of treatment mentioned in classics.
हिंदी वर्णमाला पीपीटी, hindi alphabet PPT presentation, hindi varnamala PPT, Hindi Varnamala pdf, हिंदी स्वर, हिंदी व्यंजन, sikhiye hindi varnmala, dr. mulla adam ali, hindi language and literature, hindi alphabet with drawing, hindi alphabet pdf, hindi varnamala for childrens, hindi language, hindi varnamala practice for kids, https://www.drmullaadamali.com
Reimagining Your Library Space: How to Increase the Vibes in Your Library No ...Diana Rendina
Librarians are leading the way in creating future-ready citizens – now we need to update our spaces to match. In this session, attendees will get inspiration for transforming their library spaces. You’ll learn how to survey students and patrons, create a focus group, and use design thinking to brainstorm ideas for your space. We’ll discuss budget friendly ways to change your space as well as how to find funding. No matter where you’re at, you’ll find ideas for reimagining your space in this session.
How to Make a Field Mandatory in Odoo 17Celine George
In Odoo, making a field required can be done through both Python code and XML views. When you set the required attribute to True in Python code, it makes the field required across all views where it's used. Conversely, when you set the required attribute in XML views, it makes the field required only in the context of that particular view.
A workshop hosted by the South African Journal of Science aimed at postgraduate students and early career researchers with little or no experience in writing and publishing journal articles.
South African Journal of Science: Writing with integrity workshop (2024)
Myofascial release technique(MFR).pptx
1. SUBMITTED BY-KHUSHBOO ANJUM
MPT 1ST SEMESTER,NEUROLOGY.
MYOFASCIAL
RELEASE
SCHOOL OF HEALTH SCIENCE
C.S.J.M.UNIVERSITY
KANPUR
A
NITION
B
CONTRAINDIC
ATIONS
PHYSIOLOG
Y
C
D
2. CONTENTS
.
• WHAT IS MFR?
•DEFINITIONS
•WHAT IS FASCIS?
•PHYSIOLOGY
•CAUSES OF SOFT TISSUE DYSFUNCTIONS
•EFFECTS-PAIN/SLEEP/QUALITY OF LIFE
•INDICATIONS
•CONTRAINDICATIONS
•PRECAUTIONS
•EXAMINATION
•TECHNIQUE
•TECHNIQUE BY ARTICLES
•REFRENCES
3. WHAT IS MYOFACIAL RELEASE?
•‘Myofascial release is a specialised physical and manual therapy used for the
effective treatment and rehabilitation of soft tissue and fascial tension and
restrictions.’
Myofascial release UK
•Myofascial Release (MFR) is a holistic, therapeutic
approach to manual therapy, popularized by John Barnes,
PT, LMT, NCTMB. MFR offers a comprehensive approach
for the evaluation and treatment of the myofascial system,
the system of tissues and muscles in the body.
This technique is designed to release restrictions such a
trigger points, muscle tightness, and dysfunctions in soft
tissue that may cause pain and limit motion in all parts of
the body. It has shown success in decreasing pain and
increasing mobility. (1)
4. DEFINITION
MYO= Muscle
Fascia= A band or sheet of
connective tissue
Release = The relaxation
and/or stretching of tight
structures
5. DEFINITION
•“Myofascial release is a manipulative treatment
that attempts to release tension in the fascia due
to trauma ,posture ,or inflammation. Connective
tissue called fascia surround the muscles
,bones,nerves , and organ of the body .Points of
restriction in the fascia can place a great deal of
pressure on nerves and muscles causing chronic
pain”.
Spine-health.com
6. WHAT IS FASCIA?
•Fascia is a layer of fibrous tissue that surrounds
groups of muscles , bone , blood vessels and
nerves.
•It binds some structures together ,while
permitting other structures to glide smoothly over
each other .
•Fascia are dense regular connective tissues,
containing closely packed bundles of collagen
fibres oriented in a wavy pattern parallel to the
direction of pull.
8. CAUSES OF SOFT TISSUE DYSFUNCTION
Congenital factors (short/long leg, small hemipelvis, short upper extremity, fascial, cranial
and other distortions)
● Overuse, misuse and abuse (and disuse) factors (such as injury or inappropriate patterns
of use involved in work, sport or regular activities)
● Postural stresses
● Reflexive factors (trigger points, facilitated spinal regions)
● Chronic negative emotional states (anxiety, repressed anger, etc.)
● Nutritional deficits
● Toxic accumulations
● Infection
● Endocrine (hormonal) imbalances
9. EFFECTS
MFR techniques affect the continuous, contiguous, connective tissue
system, which envelops every cell and fiber in the body.
● The goal is to relieve fascial restrictions and to normalize the health
and tension of this body system.
● At the cellular level, MFR affects the elastacollagenous complex as
well as the consistency of the ground substance.
● MFR increases soft-tissue flexibility and relieves tissue tension while
decreasing the density and viscosity of the ground substance, thus
increasing the metabolic rate and improved metabolism and health
11. EFFECTS
•Myofascial release have greater
effects in releasing upper trapezius
TrP with significant reduction in neck
pain and improved neck movements
as compared to spray and stretch
technique and there would be
minimal chances of early recurrence
of TrP after about 3 days of receiving
it.
12. INDICATIONS
.
● Primary intervention for neuromusculoskeletalfascial
impairments
● Secondary intervention for joint dysfunction, muscle
fiber dysfunction, fascial dysfunction, neuronal
dysfunction, periosteal and bone dysfunction, and
circulatory dysfunction
● Positive findings with myofascial mapping
● Decreased fascial glide or compromised mobility
● Joint hypomobility
● Soft tissue tension
● Postural deviations
● Dynamic limitations in range of motion
13. INDICATIONS
.
• Current trials have shown that MFR may promote wound
healing by affecting the extracellular matrix.(1)
• Myofascial Release Therapy on the Cardiorespiratory
Functions in Patients With COVID-19.(Myofascial release
techniques of the neck, thoracic, and diaphragm, along
with respiratory physiotherapy, could immediately affect
heart rate and ease of breathing and prevent increasing
diastolic blood pressure. If a patient with COVID-19 is
stable, pulmonary physiotherapists may consider using
these techniques while monitoring cardiopulmonary
function.)(3)
• Chronic low back pain(5)
14. contraindications
MFR, although passive, can be a direct or indirect intervention. MFR, therefore, is not
suitable for patients of all ages and conditions. The physician must reconsider
treatment if the patient has:(1)
•Healing fractures
•Advanced diabetes
•Severe osteoporosis
•Rheumatoid arthritis
•Malignancy
•Aneurysm
• NOT IDEAL FOR (4)
•with burns, injuries, or painful wounds
•with fractures or broken bones
•with fragile or weak bones
•with deep vein thrombosis or deep vein issues
•taking blood-thinning medications
18. EXAMINATION
Myofascial examination:
● Three layers of fascial glide are assessed, including
(1) skin on superficial fascia,
(2) deeper layers of fascia, and
(3) mobility of soft tissue on bone.
● Tissues are palpated for mobility, flexibility, and freedom of tissue glide.
● Mobility is assessed in three planes:
(1) superiorly-inferiorly,
(2) medially-laterally,
(3) clockwise-counter clockwise.
● If fascial glide is tight, hypomobile, or inflexible, document findings on the body diagram;
MFR is
indicated.
19. TECHNIQUES
• A variety of tools including the fingers, elbows , knuckles, forearms and,
less frequently, the thumbs can be employed.
20. THE FINGERS
•Always keep the fingers slightly flexed with the
wrists in a neutral position.
•Keep a slight arch at the MP joints as well as at
the carpal tunnel.
•Correct: the wrists are in neutral and the
fingers are in a slightly flexed position.
•https://youtu.be/DWnlfN6YBsI
21. INCORRECT WAY
CORRECT -The wrists are flexed while the fingers are
hyperextended with excessive force at the MP joints
23. TECHNIQUE BY ARTICLE
Direct MFR for the TMJ
With the patient in a supine position:
1. Sit at the head of the table and gently hold the mandible with one hand and the opposite
mandible with your other hand;
2. Gently abduct the mandible, holding a firm and static force at the barrier until tissue release
finishes;
3. Slowly rotate the mandible and move it into additional abduction, keeping the steady force
at the barrier until tissue release finishes;
4. Gently adduct the mandible while keeping external rotation, applying steady force at the
barrier until tissue release finishes;
5. Slowly restore the mandible to a resting position and reassess the TMJ in motion for checking
engagement
Nahian A ; Unal M; Mathew J;Osteopathic Manipulative
Treatment: Facial Muscle Energy, Direct MFR, and BLT
Procedure – for TMJ Dysfunction ;SEPT17,2021.
24. TECHNIQUE BY
ARTICLE
1. 2.
3. 4.
Suboccipital release The
physiotherapist raised his
fingertips toward the ceiling and
placed his hand just below the
occiput, creating pressure to
release the tissues in this area.
The therapist then applied gentle
traction between the occiput and
the atlas
Anterior thoracic myofascial release
and sternal release The physiotherapist
placed one hand under the patient’s
head, just below the occiput, and held
it between his thumb and forefinger,
creating support in this area. The
therapist’s other hand rests on the
sternum, with the middle finger on the
midline of the sternum and the heel of
the hand just below the sternal joint.
Distraction moves the fascia and
sternochondral joints away from each
other, and the pressure was maintained
until the tissue was released
Anterior cervical myofascial
release The physiotherapist placed
one hand on the lower angle of the
jaw and the other hand just below
the lower edge of the clavicle. The
therapist exerted a downward force
on the lower edge of the clavicle
and an upward force on the jaw for
both sides. This pressure was
maintained until the tissue was
released .
Diaphragm release The patients were asked to lie on their
backs and relax their limbs. The physiotherapist stood beside
the patient’s bed, placing one hand on the diaphragm level
exerting gentle pressure, while the other hand was placed
under the patients’ trunks, parallel to the upper hand. The
pressure was maintained until the tissue was released
27. TENSOR FASCIA LATA
.
PATIENT’S POSITION-Sidelying with lower leg flexed to 30° at the hip
and knee. The upper leg is supported on the lower leg but with less
flexion at the hip and knee. The lumbar spine is in neutral
THERAPIST POSITION-Standing behind the client at the level of their
waistline and facing forward.
TECHNIQUE-Locate the muscle, anterior to the gluteus medius. Use
an elbow to sink into it until an obvious barrier to any more depth is
encountered. Wait without increasing the pressure. If another layer
becomes available, follow it down and wait once again. When there is
an obvious and sustained tone change, add a line of tension and
move slowly in an inferior direction. The movement across the
surface might only be 2–3 cm.
MOVEMENTS- Anterior–posterior tilt of the pelvis with direction.
‘Take your tailbone away toward the wall in front of you’ as an
example of posterior tilt.
28. GASTROCNEMIUS
PATIENT POSITION-Prone, with feet off the end of
the table to allow for easy dorsiflexion.
THERAPIST POSITION-Work from a stool for
technique number 1. Face toward the feet while
standing or sitting at the client’s side, at around
mid-thigh level, for technique number 2.
TECHNIQUE-1. Use an elbow flexed to 90° and take
up a contact in the tendo Achilles.Establish a line of
tension in a superior direction. Tether the tissue
while the client dorsiflexes. Focus the release at the
junction of the tendon and the muscles .
29. SOLEUS
PATIENT’S POSITION-Prone with feet off the end of the
table to allow for easy dorsiflexion. Use a bolster to
induce 10–15° of knee flexion and put the
gastrocnemius off stretch.
THERAPIST POSITION-Sit on a stool at the end of the
table, facing towards the head. Standing is also
acceptable.
TECHNIQUE-Use an elbow or fingers to sink into the
tendo Achilles. Sink slowly through the tendon into the
investing layer of fascia that lies between the soleus
and the gastrocnemius. Take up a line of tension in a
superior direction and tether the tissue while the client
dorsiflexes.
30. ANTERIOR COMPARTMENTINTEROSSEUS
MEMBRANE
PATIENT POSITION-Sidelying with upper hip and knee
flexed, and supported by a pillow.
THERAPIST POSITION-Standing at the foot of the table.
TECHNIQUE -Use an elbow with 90° of flexion and begin
above the malleolus of the fibula.Glide proximally 2–3
inches at a time between the tibia and fibula. Superficial
fascia can be treated more quickly – the interosseus
membrane will respond to slow, steady contact. Encourage
the client verbally to fully allow the weight of the treated leg
into the table.
31. PLANTAR MYOFASCIAE
PATIENT’S POSITION-Prone with feet off the end of the table
to allow for easy dorsiflexion.
THERAPIST POSITION-Sitting on a stool at the end of the
table.
TECHNIQUE-Use the knuckles, soft fist or elbow to engage the
soft tissue just anterior of the calcaneus. Take up a line of
tension in an anterior direction.Work progressively through to
the ball of the foot as well as into deeper layers in subsequent
passes.
MOVEMENT-Have the clientlift their toes, with direction –
‘Lengthen the bottom of your foot by taking your toes up
under the table towards your knee cap’.Dorsiflexion can also
be used in this.
32. REFRENCES
•1 Nahian A ; Unal M; Mathew J;Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment: Facial Muscle Energy, Direct MFR,
and BLT Procedure – for TMJ Dysfunction ;SEPT17,2021.
•Fareeda Shaheen Shah. (2020). EFFECTS OF MYOFASCIAL RELEASE AND VAPOCOOLANT SPRAY WITH
STRETCH TECHNIQUE ON UPPER TRAPEZIUS TRIGGER POINTS. Pakistan Journal of Rehabilitation, 5(2), 43–
48. Retrieved from http://ojs.zu.edu.pk/ojs/index.php/pjr/article/view/803
3) Fereydounnia S, Shadmehr A, Tahmasbi A. Efficacy of Myofascial Release Therapy on the
Cardiorespiratory Functions in Patients With COVID-19. jmr. 2022;16(1):77-84.
4) https://www.healthline.com/health/chronic-pain/myofascial-release#risks
5) Wu Z; Wang Y; Myofascial release for chronic low back pain: A Systematic review and meta-analysis;
2021 JULY.
6) . Dutton, Mark. Orthopaedic examination, evaluation, & intervention. New York : McGraw-Hill, c2004
pages 331-332, 1218
•Stanborough M;Direct Release Myofascial technique;1ed;2004