I have prepared this presentation after successful commissioning of two such Multivariable Transmitters with 1595 Conditioning Orifice, used to measure raw gas of two trains in OMV (Pakistan) Exploration GmbH. Sawan gas processing plant,
Terminology, Control Valve Basic Designs, Characterization and Trim Design, Control Valve Technical Considerations, Force-Balance Principle, Actuator Basic Designs, Control Valve Unit Action, Actuator Benchset Range, Valve Positioner Basics, Control Loop Action, Control Valve Packing Designs, Seat Leakage
This document provides an overview of control valves, including applicable standards, types of control valves, leakage classes, characteristics, selection criteria, and noise and cavitation controls. It discusses control valve fundamentals like flow characterization using different cage designs, cavitation and flashing issues, and remedies. The document also summarizes Reliance Petroleum's control valve selection process and installed base of control valves from manufacturers like Fisher, ABB, and CCI.
This PPT is based upon my training in Yokogawa Chennai.
Reference:
# Yokogawa Hand Book on CS 3000
# http://www.slideshare.net/bvent2005/dcs-presentation
Piping Training course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas c...Varun Patel
Course Description
Piping a must know skill to work in Oil & Gas and similar Process Industries.
Oil and Gas industry is become a very competitive in the current time. Getting right mentor and right exposer within industry is difficult. With limited training budget spent by company on employee training, it is difficult to acquire the knowledge to success.
Knowing cross-functional skill give you an edge over others in your career success.
This course design based on years of field experience to ensure student will comprehend technical details easily and enjoy overall journey.
Learn in detail every aspect of Pipe & Pipe Fittings used in process industry
•Different types of Pipe, Pipe fittings (Elbow, Tee, reducers, Caps etc.), Flanges, Gaskets, Branch Connection, Bolting materials
•Materials (Metal-Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel etc. Non-Metal- PVC/VCM, HDPE, GRE-GRP etc.)
•Manufacturing methods
•Heat treatment requirements
•Inspection and Testing requirements (Non Destructive Testing, Mechanical & Chemical testing)
•Dimensions & Markings requirements
•Code & Standard used in piping
Content and Overview
With 2 hours of content including 30 lectures & 8 Quizzes, this course cover every aspect of Pipe, Pipe fittings, flanges, gaskets, branch connections and bolting material used in Process Piping.
This Course is divided in three parts.
1st part of the course covers fundamental of process industries. In this Part, you will learn about fundamental process piping. You will also learn about Code, Standard & Specification used in process industries.
2nd part cover various types of material used in process industries. In this part, you will learn about Metallic and Non-Metallic material used to manufacture pipe and other piping components.
3rd parts covers in detail about pipe and piping components used in Process piping. In this part we will learn about Industry terminology of Piping components, types of industrial material grade used in manufacturing and entire manufacturing process of these components. You will learn about different manufacturing methods, Heat treatment requirements, Destructive and Non-destructive testing, Visual & Dimensional inspection and Product marking requirements.
Upon completion, you will be able to use this knowledge direct on your Job and you can easily answer any interview question on pipe & fittings.
The document provides an overview of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) including their purpose, components, and standard symbols. It discusses that P&IDs are schematic diagrams that define process equipment and instrumentation using standardized symbols. While there is no single universal standard, the ISA 5.1 standard governs common symbols. P&IDs provide key information to support equipment specification and installation through lists generated from the diagrams. Control loops and instrumentation tags are also standardized.
The document provides an overview of general control valves, including:
- Definitions of control valves and their functions
- Common features such as capacity, rangeability, characteristics, and pressure drop
- Types of flow characteristics including linear, equal percentage, and quick opening
- Potential issues like cavitation and flashing
- Examples of control valve classifications and constructions
- Considerations for actuators, bonnets, and accessories
The document serves as an introduction to key concepts for control valves.
Fundamental of Pipes for Oil & Gas EngineerVarun Patel
You will learn about fundamental of pipes that used in process piping of oil and gas industries. You will learn different types of pipe and common material and ASTM grades. You will also learn about NPS & Schedule number that used to define pipe size and thickness. You will also learn about double random & single random pipe length, and what is the difference between small bore and large bore pipe.
Control valves are used to control process variables like pressure, flow, level and temperature. They work with a controller to form a control loop. The control valve manipulates the flow of process fluids like gas, steam, water or chemicals. It has a valve body, internal trim parts, an actuator and accessories. Control valves are classified based on their design as linear or rotary, and based on operation as throttling or on-off. Cavitation or flashing can occur if the downstream pressure reduces below the vapor pressure of the fluid.
Terminology, Control Valve Basic Designs, Characterization and Trim Design, Control Valve Technical Considerations, Force-Balance Principle, Actuator Basic Designs, Control Valve Unit Action, Actuator Benchset Range, Valve Positioner Basics, Control Loop Action, Control Valve Packing Designs, Seat Leakage
This document provides an overview of control valves, including applicable standards, types of control valves, leakage classes, characteristics, selection criteria, and noise and cavitation controls. It discusses control valve fundamentals like flow characterization using different cage designs, cavitation and flashing issues, and remedies. The document also summarizes Reliance Petroleum's control valve selection process and installed base of control valves from manufacturers like Fisher, ABB, and CCI.
This PPT is based upon my training in Yokogawa Chennai.
Reference:
# Yokogawa Hand Book on CS 3000
# http://www.slideshare.net/bvent2005/dcs-presentation
Piping Training course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas c...Varun Patel
Course Description
Piping a must know skill to work in Oil & Gas and similar Process Industries.
Oil and Gas industry is become a very competitive in the current time. Getting right mentor and right exposer within industry is difficult. With limited training budget spent by company on employee training, it is difficult to acquire the knowledge to success.
Knowing cross-functional skill give you an edge over others in your career success.
This course design based on years of field experience to ensure student will comprehend technical details easily and enjoy overall journey.
Learn in detail every aspect of Pipe & Pipe Fittings used in process industry
•Different types of Pipe, Pipe fittings (Elbow, Tee, reducers, Caps etc.), Flanges, Gaskets, Branch Connection, Bolting materials
•Materials (Metal-Carbon Steel, Stainless Steel, Alloy Steel etc. Non-Metal- PVC/VCM, HDPE, GRE-GRP etc.)
•Manufacturing methods
•Heat treatment requirements
•Inspection and Testing requirements (Non Destructive Testing, Mechanical & Chemical testing)
•Dimensions & Markings requirements
•Code & Standard used in piping
Content and Overview
With 2 hours of content including 30 lectures & 8 Quizzes, this course cover every aspect of Pipe, Pipe fittings, flanges, gaskets, branch connections and bolting material used in Process Piping.
This Course is divided in three parts.
1st part of the course covers fundamental of process industries. In this Part, you will learn about fundamental process piping. You will also learn about Code, Standard & Specification used in process industries.
2nd part cover various types of material used in process industries. In this part, you will learn about Metallic and Non-Metallic material used to manufacture pipe and other piping components.
3rd parts covers in detail about pipe and piping components used in Process piping. In this part we will learn about Industry terminology of Piping components, types of industrial material grade used in manufacturing and entire manufacturing process of these components. You will learn about different manufacturing methods, Heat treatment requirements, Destructive and Non-destructive testing, Visual & Dimensional inspection and Product marking requirements.
Upon completion, you will be able to use this knowledge direct on your Job and you can easily answer any interview question on pipe & fittings.
The document provides an overview of Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P&IDs) including their purpose, components, and standard symbols. It discusses that P&IDs are schematic diagrams that define process equipment and instrumentation using standardized symbols. While there is no single universal standard, the ISA 5.1 standard governs common symbols. P&IDs provide key information to support equipment specification and installation through lists generated from the diagrams. Control loops and instrumentation tags are also standardized.
The document provides an overview of general control valves, including:
- Definitions of control valves and their functions
- Common features such as capacity, rangeability, characteristics, and pressure drop
- Types of flow characteristics including linear, equal percentage, and quick opening
- Potential issues like cavitation and flashing
- Examples of control valve classifications and constructions
- Considerations for actuators, bonnets, and accessories
The document serves as an introduction to key concepts for control valves.
Fundamental of Pipes for Oil & Gas EngineerVarun Patel
You will learn about fundamental of pipes that used in process piping of oil and gas industries. You will learn different types of pipe and common material and ASTM grades. You will also learn about NPS & Schedule number that used to define pipe size and thickness. You will also learn about double random & single random pipe length, and what is the difference between small bore and large bore pipe.
Control valves are used to control process variables like pressure, flow, level and temperature. They work with a controller to form a control loop. The control valve manipulates the flow of process fluids like gas, steam, water or chemicals. It has a valve body, internal trim parts, an actuator and accessories. Control valves are classified based on their design as linear or rotary, and based on operation as throttling or on-off. Cavitation or flashing can occur if the downstream pressure reduces below the vapor pressure of the fluid.
This Presentation is about the basic fundamentals one needs to know to begin Piping Engineering. All the basic formulas and questions that are usually asked in interviews are answered in this presentation. Feel free to ask any doubts in the comments and iI may try my best to answer them for you.
The level measurement in a steam drum is complex due to changing densities of water and steam with temperature. A level capture apparatus maintains a constant wet leg temperature by condensation to ensure consistent densities. The level can be calculated using a correlation of steam and water densities with pressure. The level percentage is determined by subtracting the raw transmitter output from 100%, divided by the difference between water and steam densities.
Juan Pablo Hernández presented information on control valve sizing for compressible fluids. Control valves are used to meet process conditions and product quality specifications. Three methods for sizing control valves were compared: hand made calculations, Fisher software, and Aspen Hysys simulation. All three methods produced similar results for the example case of sizing a control valve for superheated steam. However, the Fisher software was identified as the preferred method due to providing reliable sizing in less time compared to hand calculations.
The document summarizes the basics of pressure relief devices, including why they are required, common components, classification and types. It provides examples of relief scenarios and causes of overpressure. The key steps in relief device sizing calculations are outlined. An example calculation is shown for checking the adequacy of installed relief devices for a reactor system during an emergency relief scenario involving an external fire.
The presentation is about the boiler drum's water level control, which is used on the ship for generating the steam. The presentation briefs about some controls used overboard to maintain the level inside the boiler for continuous steam supply.
Mark VI ST Control Product Overview GEH 6127Mircea Tomescu
The Thermo AssistantTM
option provides a graphical display of temperature
measurements from RTDs and thermocouples. It displays temperature trends and alarms for critical
locations on the turbine and generator. It also provides a summary of the temperature status for the entire
unit.
Vibration Monitoring: The turbine control can interface directly to Bently-Nevada proximity probes for
vibration monitoring of critical turbine components. The 1X vibration level and phase are displayed.
Alarms are provided for excessive vibration levels.
Analog Inputs and Outputs: The turbine control provides a variety of analog inputs and outputs for
monitoring pressures, flows, levels, etc. Inputs include 0-5V, 1-5V, 0-10V,
The document summarizes information about orifice plates used for flow measurement. It describes the basic principles of how orifice plates work using Bernoulli's principle to create a pressure drop for measurement. It provides details on different types of orifice plates as well as factors to consider in design. Orifice plates offer benefits of being cheap and reliable but have limitations for clean fluids only and require maintenance. The company discussed provides custom orifice plate solutions and has supplied plates to major oil and gas companies in India.
This document provides information on various piping drawings used in piping design and installation. It discusses process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), piping isometrics, plot plans, and general arrangement drawings. PFDs show the major equipment and process flows at a high level, while P&IDs provide more detailed piping information along with instrumentation and control schemes. Piping isometrics are used for fabrication and show piping runs at an angle for clarity. General arrangement drawings indicate equipment locations and piping layouts from a plan view. Together these drawings provide the necessary information for proper piping system design, installation, and operation.
A heat exchanger transfers heat between two or more fluids. There are four main types classified by fluid flow: countercurrent, cocurrent, crossflow, and hybrids. Heat exchangers are also classified by construction: recuperative have separate fluid paths while regenerative use a single path. Common construction types include shell and tube, plate, and pipe in pipe. Shell and tube designs use a bundle of tubes to efficiently transfer heat. Plate heat exchangers use corrugated plates to maximize surface area. Pipe in pipe is a simple double pipe design.
Control valves are used to control conditions like flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level by opening or closing in response to signals from controllers. The document discusses sizing, construction, and types of control valves. It covers topics like globe body design, ANSI standards for sizing and construction, end preparations, and tests conducted on control valves like hydrostatic shell tests and functional tests. Actuator types and positioners are also mentioned. Standards for sizing, testing, cavitation, and noise are listed.
Piping and instrumentation diagram (p&id)Karnav Rana
A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is a detailed graphical representation showing the piping, equipment, instrumentation, and process flow within a process facility. It provides information needed to understand the facility's operation, allow engineers to design and construct the facility, and aid operators in operating the facility. P&IDs use standard symbols to represent instrumentation and components and show the relationship between the mechanical and control systems. Common synonyms include Engineering Flow Diagram, Utility Flow Diagram, and Mechanical Flow Diagram.
Excel sheet Download Link: https://www.scribd.com/document/385945712/PSV-Sizing-Tool-API-Based-Calc-Sheets
PSV Sizing for Blocked Liquid Discharge Condition
PSV Sizing for Blocked Gas Discharge Condition
PSV Sizing for Fire Case of Liquid Filled Vessel
PSV Sizing for Control Valve Fail Open Case
Relief Valve Sizing for Thermal Expansion
Restriction Orifice Sizing for Gas Flow
Restriction Orifice Sizing for Liquid Flow
Single Phase Flow Line Sizing Tool
Gas Control Valve Sizing Tool
This document provides an overview of field instrumentation used for measurement, monitoring, and control. It discusses common process variables like flow, pressure, temperature, and level. It then focuses on different types of flow measurement instrumentation including positive displacement meters, head meters, velocity meters, and mass meters. Specific flow meter types are described in detail like orifice plates, venturi tubes, rotameters, turbine meters, electromagnetic flow meters, vortex meters, and ultrasonic flow meters. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are presented.
Design and analysis of control valve with a multi stage anti cavitation trimnaz4u
Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
introduction to flow,flow type,laminar,turbulent,one dimensional flow,two dimensional flow,type of flow measurement,flow measuring elements,orifices,nozzles,venturi,pitot tubes,limitations,advantages of the elements,application of elements
This document discusses different types of control valves. It classifies control valves according to body types and characteristics. The main body types discussed are globe valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, diaphragm valves, and angle valves. Each valve type has distinct construction features and advantages/disadvantages for different applications.
Setpoint Integrated Solutions is an industry leader in applying Control Valve solutions across industry segments.
Brannon Gant - Regional Sales Manager
Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) are complex diagrams that show the piping, instrumentation, and process flow in chemical plants. The presentation discusses P&IDs in detail, including:
1. The purpose of P&IDs in understanding chemical processes, operations, and maintenance.
2. The various standards and symbols used to represent equipment, piping, instruments, and their interconnectivity.
3. How P&IDs are developed through various stages and used by different engineering departments and industries for design and operations.
4. Examples of software that can be used to create detailed P&IDs.
This document discusses fluid flow, including definitions, types of flow, and factors affecting flow. It defines laminar and turbulent flow, and notes laminar flow is smooth while turbulent flow is disorganized. Pressure, radius, length, viscosity, density, and temperature can impact flow. Clinical applications of flow include devices like rotameters and measurements of breathing.
This Presentation is about the basic fundamentals one needs to know to begin Piping Engineering. All the basic formulas and questions that are usually asked in interviews are answered in this presentation. Feel free to ask any doubts in the comments and iI may try my best to answer them for you.
The level measurement in a steam drum is complex due to changing densities of water and steam with temperature. A level capture apparatus maintains a constant wet leg temperature by condensation to ensure consistent densities. The level can be calculated using a correlation of steam and water densities with pressure. The level percentage is determined by subtracting the raw transmitter output from 100%, divided by the difference between water and steam densities.
Juan Pablo Hernández presented information on control valve sizing for compressible fluids. Control valves are used to meet process conditions and product quality specifications. Three methods for sizing control valves were compared: hand made calculations, Fisher software, and Aspen Hysys simulation. All three methods produced similar results for the example case of sizing a control valve for superheated steam. However, the Fisher software was identified as the preferred method due to providing reliable sizing in less time compared to hand calculations.
The document summarizes the basics of pressure relief devices, including why they are required, common components, classification and types. It provides examples of relief scenarios and causes of overpressure. The key steps in relief device sizing calculations are outlined. An example calculation is shown for checking the adequacy of installed relief devices for a reactor system during an emergency relief scenario involving an external fire.
The presentation is about the boiler drum's water level control, which is used on the ship for generating the steam. The presentation briefs about some controls used overboard to maintain the level inside the boiler for continuous steam supply.
Mark VI ST Control Product Overview GEH 6127Mircea Tomescu
The Thermo AssistantTM
option provides a graphical display of temperature
measurements from RTDs and thermocouples. It displays temperature trends and alarms for critical
locations on the turbine and generator. It also provides a summary of the temperature status for the entire
unit.
Vibration Monitoring: The turbine control can interface directly to Bently-Nevada proximity probes for
vibration monitoring of critical turbine components. The 1X vibration level and phase are displayed.
Alarms are provided for excessive vibration levels.
Analog Inputs and Outputs: The turbine control provides a variety of analog inputs and outputs for
monitoring pressures, flows, levels, etc. Inputs include 0-5V, 1-5V, 0-10V,
The document summarizes information about orifice plates used for flow measurement. It describes the basic principles of how orifice plates work using Bernoulli's principle to create a pressure drop for measurement. It provides details on different types of orifice plates as well as factors to consider in design. Orifice plates offer benefits of being cheap and reliable but have limitations for clean fluids only and require maintenance. The company discussed provides custom orifice plate solutions and has supplied plates to major oil and gas companies in India.
This document provides information on various piping drawings used in piping design and installation. It discusses process flow diagrams (PFDs), piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs), piping isometrics, plot plans, and general arrangement drawings. PFDs show the major equipment and process flows at a high level, while P&IDs provide more detailed piping information along with instrumentation and control schemes. Piping isometrics are used for fabrication and show piping runs at an angle for clarity. General arrangement drawings indicate equipment locations and piping layouts from a plan view. Together these drawings provide the necessary information for proper piping system design, installation, and operation.
A heat exchanger transfers heat between two or more fluids. There are four main types classified by fluid flow: countercurrent, cocurrent, crossflow, and hybrids. Heat exchangers are also classified by construction: recuperative have separate fluid paths while regenerative use a single path. Common construction types include shell and tube, plate, and pipe in pipe. Shell and tube designs use a bundle of tubes to efficiently transfer heat. Plate heat exchangers use corrugated plates to maximize surface area. Pipe in pipe is a simple double pipe design.
Control valves are used to control conditions like flow, pressure, temperature, and liquid level by opening or closing in response to signals from controllers. The document discusses sizing, construction, and types of control valves. It covers topics like globe body design, ANSI standards for sizing and construction, end preparations, and tests conducted on control valves like hydrostatic shell tests and functional tests. Actuator types and positioners are also mentioned. Standards for sizing, testing, cavitation, and noise are listed.
Piping and instrumentation diagram (p&id)Karnav Rana
A Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID) is a detailed graphical representation showing the piping, equipment, instrumentation, and process flow within a process facility. It provides information needed to understand the facility's operation, allow engineers to design and construct the facility, and aid operators in operating the facility. P&IDs use standard symbols to represent instrumentation and components and show the relationship between the mechanical and control systems. Common synonyms include Engineering Flow Diagram, Utility Flow Diagram, and Mechanical Flow Diagram.
Excel sheet Download Link: https://www.scribd.com/document/385945712/PSV-Sizing-Tool-API-Based-Calc-Sheets
PSV Sizing for Blocked Liquid Discharge Condition
PSV Sizing for Blocked Gas Discharge Condition
PSV Sizing for Fire Case of Liquid Filled Vessel
PSV Sizing for Control Valve Fail Open Case
Relief Valve Sizing for Thermal Expansion
Restriction Orifice Sizing for Gas Flow
Restriction Orifice Sizing for Liquid Flow
Single Phase Flow Line Sizing Tool
Gas Control Valve Sizing Tool
This document provides an overview of field instrumentation used for measurement, monitoring, and control. It discusses common process variables like flow, pressure, temperature, and level. It then focuses on different types of flow measurement instrumentation including positive displacement meters, head meters, velocity meters, and mass meters. Specific flow meter types are described in detail like orifice plates, venturi tubes, rotameters, turbine meters, electromagnetic flow meters, vortex meters, and ultrasonic flow meters. Advantages and disadvantages of each type are presented.
Design and analysis of control valve with a multi stage anti cavitation trimnaz4u
Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
introduction to flow,flow type,laminar,turbulent,one dimensional flow,two dimensional flow,type of flow measurement,flow measuring elements,orifices,nozzles,venturi,pitot tubes,limitations,advantages of the elements,application of elements
This document discusses different types of control valves. It classifies control valves according to body types and characteristics. The main body types discussed are globe valves, butterfly valves, ball valves, diaphragm valves, and angle valves. Each valve type has distinct construction features and advantages/disadvantages for different applications.
Setpoint Integrated Solutions is an industry leader in applying Control Valve solutions across industry segments.
Brannon Gant - Regional Sales Manager
Valves are the components in a fluid flow or pressure system that regulate
either the flow or the pressure of the fluid. This duty may involve stopping
and starting flow, controlling flow rate, diverting flow, preventing back
flow, controlling pressure, or relieving pressure.
Piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs) are complex diagrams that show the piping, instrumentation, and process flow in chemical plants. The presentation discusses P&IDs in detail, including:
1. The purpose of P&IDs in understanding chemical processes, operations, and maintenance.
2. The various standards and symbols used to represent equipment, piping, instruments, and their interconnectivity.
3. How P&IDs are developed through various stages and used by different engineering departments and industries for design and operations.
4. Examples of software that can be used to create detailed P&IDs.
This document discusses fluid flow, including definitions, types of flow, and factors affecting flow. It defines laminar and turbulent flow, and notes laminar flow is smooth while turbulent flow is disorganized. Pressure, radius, length, viscosity, density, and temperature can impact flow. Clinical applications of flow include devices like rotameters and measurements of breathing.
it speaks about the differential head flow meters. its different types. their principle of operation, venturi meter, orifice plate, rotameters, it also covers discussion on open channel flow meter. it covers the different application domains of the different types of flow meters and their advantages and disadvantages.
An orifice plate is a device used to measure fluid flow rates by creating a restriction in the pipe. It works by measuring the difference in pressure upstream and downstream of the plate. Fluid must constrict through a precisely measured opening in the plate, causing the pressure to drop and creating a relationship between differential pressure and flow rate. Common applications include measurement of clean liquids and gases. The orifice plate is inexpensive and occupies little space but requires straight pipe sections upstream and downstream for accurate measurement.
Practical Industrial Flow Measurement for Engineers and TechniciansLiving Online
This document provides an overview of basic fluid properties important for flow measurement. It discusses viscosity and different fluid types, including Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluids. It also describes ideal, laminar and turbulent flow profiles, and how the Reynolds number characterizes these behaviors. Key flow measurement parameters are introduced, such as volumetric and mass flow rates for single and multi-phase flows. The objectives are to describe fluid properties, flow profiles, and flow measurement concepts.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang konsep kelas dalam pemrograman berorientasi objek, penjelasan pemrograman berorientasi objek, dan contoh pemrograman web menggunakan bahasa pemrograman Java beserta beberapa jenis web server yang mendukungnya.
Fluke Corporation: Gas Custody Transfer CalibrationTranscat
This document discusses calibration considerations for orifice plate based gas flow computers used in custody transfer applications. Differential pressure meters are commonly used despite ultrasonic meters having advantages. Calibration is important due to the financial impact of errors in custody transfer measurements. Test equipment selection depends on the type of inputs to the flow computer. Procedures involve verifying and adjusting pressure, temperature, and current inputs through multiple measurement points. Safety, isolation, and proper setup are important to get accurate results and verify calibrations.
This document summarizes an audit report of Sui Northern Gas Pipelines Limited for the year ending June 30, 2004. The audit was conducted in accordance with auditing standards in Pakistan. The auditor's opinion is that proper books were maintained, financial statements were prepared according to accounting standards and company ordinance, expenditures were for business purposes, and business conducted was according to company objects. The auditor also draws attention to some matter without qualification of their opinion.
The document provides an overview of processes and departments at Pakistan Petroleum Limited (PPL), the largest natural gas supplier in Pakistan. It details PPL's history and operations. Key points include:
1) PPL operates the country's largest gas field at Sui and engages in exploration, drilling, production, purification and distribution of natural gas.
2) Major departments discussed include Exploration, Development, Production, Purification, Planning, Administration and Quality/Safety departments.
3) Detailed descriptions of purification plants and processes carried out at each stage of production are provided.
The document discusses pressure drop in different types of flow reactors. It defines pressure drop as the difference in pressure between two points in a fluid network. Pressure drop occurs due to frictional forces and fouling. The general steps to calculate pressure drop are presented, along with the specific equations to calculate pressure drop in packed bed reactors, plug flow reactors, and continuous stirred tank reactors. An example calculation is shown to demonstrate how to determine the pressure drop across a packed bed reactor.
Turbine meters measure natural gas flow by counting the revolutions of a rotor within the meter. The document discusses turbine meter operating conditions, performance requirements, calibration, installation specifications, and environmental considerations. Turbine meters should be installed and calibrated according to manufacturer specifications to ensure accurate measurement of natural gas flow.
Calculation of Maximum Flow of Natural Gas through a Pipeline using Dynamic S...Waqas Manzoor
This process report highlights the significance of Dynamic Simulation in Aspen HYSYS for calculation of maximum flow rate of natural gas through a pipeline supplying gas to domestic consumers. The gas pressure at the outlet of pipeline has been considered to be equal to 0 psig in order to calculate the maximum possible gas flow rate. Moreover, the reduction of gas pressure at upstream of gas regulating station due to increased downstream pressure has also been calculated using this simulation.
Summer Internship Project Report on 'e-Procurement' SUI SOUTHERN GAS COMPANYSyed Salman
The document is an internship project report submitted by S. Salman of Iqra University on implementing e-procurement at Sui Southern Gas Company (SSGC). It discusses SSGC's current procurement process which involves multiple departments and steps from identifying needs to issuing purchase orders. The report recommends adopting e-procurement to reduce costs, increase transparency, and help SSGC obtain quality products at reasonable prices, improving profits and contributing to Pakistan's economy.
This document discusses various methods for estimating and calculating square roots. It begins by defining irrational numbers as non-repeating decimals that can result from taking the square root of a non-perfect square. It then discusses estimating square roots by knowing perfect square numbers and using guess and check methods. Later sections cover using calculators, applying square roots in formulas, exponent rules including multiplication, division, powers, and scientific notation for writing extremely large numbers.
The document discusses different types of flow meters used to measure fluid flow rates. It describes several common flow metering principles including differential pressure meters like the Venturi meter and orifice meter which measure pressure drops, the rotameter which measures drag forces on a floating ball, and the Pitot tube and magnetic flow meter which use Bernoulli's principle and electromagnetic induction, respectively, to calculate flow rates. The document provides basic equations to relate pressure differences, velocities, and other variables to the volumetric flow rates measured by each type of flow meter.
This document discusses various pressure measurement techniques in three parts. Part two describes elastic pressure transducers including C-type Bourdon tubes, diaphragm pressure transducers, and bellows. It also discusses various vacuum measurement methods such as capsule, McLeod, Pirani, thermocouple, ionization, Knudsen, and quartz reference gauges. Elastic transducers convert pressure into motion using deflection. Diaphragms and bellows have multiple capsules that cumulatively deflect under pressure. Vacuum gauges measure pressure below atmospheric using thermal conductivity, ion generation, or radiation effects that vary with pressure.
this article covers discussion of variable area flow meter. also it speaks about turbine flow meter, target flow meter, magnetic flow meter, vortex flow meter, ultrasonic flow meter, thermal flow meter.
Speaks about the different aspects of flow measurement i.e. flow types, fluid types, its units, selection parameters; definition of common terms, coanda effect coriolis effect . it also speaks about the factors affecting flow measurement.
This document discusses the calculation of pressure and quantity measurement for ventilation surveys in mines. It covers determining air requirements for mine workings based on factors like diluting gases, heat, and providing breathable air for workers. Methods for calculating flow rates, pressure losses, and leakage are presented for proper ventilation system design. Key aspects addressed include determining pressure gradients, friction losses, emissions from coal faces and blasting, and total air quantity needs for the entire mine network.
The EJX910 multivariable transmitter is an all-in-one instrument, integrating the functions of a differential pressure transmitter, pressure gauge, thermometer, and a flow computer for industrial process measurement and control applications.
Multivariable Transmitter for Mass Flow MeasurementFlow-Tech, Inc.
The EJX-A series is Yokogawa's premium performance line of DPharp transmitters. Field tested for over 10 years with the performance and stability demanded by industrial process control applications. The EJX910A multivariable transmitter is a remarkable innovation in multi-sensing technology. It makes optimal use of the unique characteristics of Yokogawa's DPharp sensor to provide best in class process measurement performance.
Atp1.2 to AutoCAD Wastewater Treatment Plant Design Programcocoa35
Atp1.2 to AutoCAD, Wastewater treatment design, with automatic discovery and Cost AutoCAD drawings using computer programs. Wastewater characteristics to enter the program and you have the opportunity to do the entire design with your own assumptions.
www.atptoautocad.com
GSM: +905322682323
email: hgky@hotmail.com
email: info@atptoautocad.com
This document provides information on airflow measuring products from Greenheck, including differential pressure-based and thermal dispersion models. Differential pressure-based models measure the difference between total and static pressures, while thermal dispersion models use arrays of thermistors to measure air velocity and calculate airflow. The document discusses specific Greenheck models, including Air Measuring Stations (AMS), Airflow Measuring Dampers (AMD), and AMD models with thermal dispersion technology (AMD-TD). It provides details on product specifications, features, control options, leakage testing procedures, and torque requirements.
Precocity Automation System provides customized test and measurement automation solutions and special purpose machines for applications across various industries. They have expertise in designing test benches for testing automotive HVAC components and systems. Precocity aims to offer innovative engineering solutions while leveraging their technical expertise and experience in industrial automation.
Process monitoring to control quality and seeking defects and abnormalities in run for press fit operations. Capable to provide the right benchmark for six sigma and statistic process control spc
Discussion on modern trend in measurement, Combustion control,optimization.pptxkazi galib
Trender tools provide real-time and historical graphical interfaces for trending operational parameters to analyze equipment performance, diagnose faults, and aid in root cause analysis of issues. Combustion control is important to optimize the chemical reaction between fuel and oxygen while minimizing undesirable byproducts like nitric oxide and sulfuric acid. Online and offline optimization of combined cycle power plants utilizes mathematical modeling and real-time plant data to maximize efficiency, capacity, and profitability across varying operating conditions.
An overview of diagnostic tools used in RESNET testingBill Spohn
Learn about the variety of tools and test instruments that apply in RESNET standards 310 (pending) and 380. We'll cover the proper procedures as well as pros and cons of various devices.
This document summarizes the Ventilation simulation software Ventsim. It describes the different versions of Ventsim Visual including Standard, Advanced, and Premium. It provides details on the features included in each version and the hardware requirements to run the software. Examples of ventilation layouts and outputs from Ventsim are also shown. The document discusses how easy Ventsim is to use and learn. Finally, it states the single license costs for the Standard and Advanced versions.
EL-FLOW Prestige is the next generation of Bronkhorst Mass Flow Meters / Controllers for gases. Nearly all core components have been redesigned and many improvements and innovations have been incorporated. With this new series Bronkhorst introduced the “Differential Temperature Balancing” technology, ensuring a superb sensor stability.
The document summarizes a voltage-to-frequency converter that measures DC voltages and converts them to a proportional output frequency. This allows the voltages to be measured with a frequency counter for flexible data handling applications. Key advantages are its ability to average out noise, integrate signals over time, and output data in a format that can be logged or interfaced with other devices. An example application is accurately measuring and logging rocket thrust data over time.
Servo press with process monitoring catalogue used for press fit components in quality, to reduce scrap cost and avoid defects and abnormalities. Useful for six sigma quality control
The SEMTECH-DS is an on-board emissions analyzer that measures CO, CO2, O2, NO, NO2 and THC from vehicle exhaust to ensure compliance with EPA standards. It has been the standard for portable emissions measurement systems since 2002. The analyzer comes with software to control the system and perform emissions calculations. It also includes features like heated sampling lines to minimize hydrocarbon loss and a sample conditioning system contained within the unit. Optional accessories allow the system to interface with vehicles and collect additional data parameters along with the emissions measurements.
This document provides a summary of a training report submitted by Nishant Kumar, a 7th semester student in the Mechanical Engineering department. It thanks various people who provided support and guidance during the project, including the Head of Department, project guide, college staff, and the student's parents. It also lists the contents to be covered in the training report.
62.1-2010 or 62.1-2013 Comply-VAV Package includes over (15) Programs, Tables, and Forms that make Compliance with the ASHRAE 62.1-2010 or ASHRAE 62.1-2013 "Ventilation Rate Procedure" very straightforward and fast ("Quick and Easy").
The document provides an overview of piping and instrumentation diagrams (P&IDs). It discusses the objectives of understanding P&IDs and their utilization. It describes the three levels of diagrams - block flow diagram, process flow diagram, and P&ID. P&IDs are the principal documents that define a process, including all mechanical aspects except pipe routing. Symbols and abbreviations are used on P&IDs to depict equipment, piping, valves, instruments, and controls. Process control loops are also explained, consisting of elements that sense process variables, compare values, and correct the process.
This document provides information on various air gauging and measurement products:
- Sections 1-5 describe air snap gauges and ring gauges for measuring internal and external diameters, depths, tapers, and ovality from 2mm to 200mm.
- Sections 6-8 discuss electronic measurement systems for air gauges that provide digital readout of measurements and can connect to multiple gauges.
- Sections 9-16 cover additional electronic measurement systems for air gauges with various measurement capabilities and component tolerances.
- The document gives specifications for different air gauging systems and products.
This document describes Chemstations' CHEMCAD software suite for process simulation. CHEMCAD allows simulation of processes in chemical, petrochemical, pharmaceutical and other industries. It has a large thermodynamic database and can simulate unit operations like distillation columns, reactors, heat exchangers and more. The software provides mass and energy balances, optimization capabilities, and output in common formats like Excel. CHEMCAD is widely used for process design, optimization, and verification in both new and existing facilities.
The document provides information on the operation, maintenance and specifications of the SCP Flame Detectors Model FL3110. It discusses the principles of UV/IR flame detection, specifications including field of view and optical sensitivity range, visual indicators, wiring details, general maintenance including lens cleaning, and use of the TL105 test lamp for checking detector sensitivity.
Omni Guard 660 Flame Detector PresentationMustafa Ali
This document provides an overview and instructions for operating and maintaining OmniGuard Model 660 UV flame detectors. It describes the key features and functions of the flame detectors including microprocessor control, adjustable settings, relay configurations, testing procedures, and troubleshooting tips. Maintenance involves periodically cleaning the optical surfaces to ensure proper functionality.
The document provides information about the Model IR400 infrared gas detector, including:
1. It uses dual infrared sources and differential absorption to detect specific gases like methane by comparing absorption at active and reference wavelengths.
2. Specifications include a detection range of 0-100% LEL for gases like methane, with an accuracy of ±3% FS at <50% FS and ±5% FS at >50% FS.
3. It requires minimal maintenance, with periodic cleaning, zeroing, and recalibration to ensure proper operation.
Calibration involves comparing an instrument to a known reference value using a calibrator with a valid traceable calibration certificate. Regular calibration is important to maintain measurement credibility and quality, as well as compliance with standards like ISO 9001. Key aspects of a calibration program include traceable calibrators, documented calibration procedures, calibration records, and compliance with calibration intervals. Intrinsically safe calibrators designed for explosive environments may be needed for certain applications.
The document discusses two main types of oxygen analyzers: zirconia and paramagnetic. Zirconia analyzers work by generating a voltage based on the difference in oxygen concentration between a process gas and reference gas in contact with a zirconia element. Paramagnetic analyzers detect oxygen concentration based on the displacement of a dumbbell in a magnetic field caused by oxygen's paramagnetic properties. The document also provides details on calibrating, testing, and maintaining zirconia oxygen analyzers.
3. Traditional DP TRANSMITTER, DP flow has been calculated in a DCS or flow computer using a simplified mass flow equation. In simplified DP mass flow measurements, a constant is used to represent many of the terms in the flow calculation The constant combines unit conversion factor, velocity of approach factor, gas expansion factor, and discharge coefficient. The simplified flow equation cannot compensate for changes in these terms, resulting in unrecorded errors in the calculated flow rate. Conventional Flow Calculation FLOW COMPUTER / DCS
5. Qmass = Mass flow N = units conversion factor Cd = discharge coefficient E = velocity of approach factor Y1 = gas expansion factor d2 = bore of differential producer DP = Differential pressure p = density The MULTIVARIABLE TRANSMITTER (3095MV) provides the greatest DP flow accuracy over the widest operating range by dynamically calculating all flow equation coefficients real time, including discharge coefficients, velocity of approach factor, thermal expansion effects, and density. This fully compensated flow equation reduces the sources of traditional DP flow uncertainty, thereby providing a more accurate flow calculation. It uses a fully compensated equation from mass flow through any differential producer Enhance Flow Calculation MULTIVARIABLE TRANSMITTER
6. How Does MULTIVARIABLE Tx3095MV Calculate Mass Flow? Using the EA Software the user enters the process fluid (EA database already knows molecular weight, isentropic exponent, and constants), primary element type and size, and pressure and temperature operating conditions. The Model 3095MV measures the static pressure, differential pressure, and process temperature. The internal flow computer dynamically calculates all flow equation coefficients in real time including: discharge coefficient, velocity of approach factor, thermal expansion effects, and density Result is the greatest DP flow accuracy over the widest operating range!
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8. Advantages of MULTIVARIABLE TRANSMITTER 3095MV Primary element and fluid flexibility Provides flow computer functionally in a single, compact package. Dynamically Compensated mass flow 1% of mass flow rate accuracy over 10:1 flow range Four measurements (Qm, DP, P, T) in one device providing real-time data to perform mass and heat balances across process units. Output options 4-20 mA / HART based , Configuration of Pressure, Temp & DP through HART , Easy to configure with AMS & Engineering Assistant (EA) software
9. The innovative technology and design of the Conditioning Orifice Plate enables multiple benefits without compromising performance. The Conditioning Orifice Plate follows the discharge coefficient of the ISO 5167-2:2003(E) Conditioning Orifice Plate rivals the performance of the standard orifice plates while virtually eliminating straight pipe run requirements. With sufficient straight run, the accuracy curve of the Conditioning Orifice Plate would follow the ISO 5167 standard. Rosemout 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate
10. Conditioning Orifice Plate Technology is based on the same Bernoulli streamline energy equation and as a result follows the same Discharge Coefficient versus Reynolds Number relationship as standard orifice plates. Installation in short straight pipe run, tight fit applications. Improved performance in wet gas applications by allowing condensate to pass and preventing the “damming” affect suffered by standard orifice plates. None of the three standards provide allowances for drain vent holes in the orifice plate. Rosemout 1595 Conditioning Orifice Plate