The document provides an overview of the human skeleton, detailing its components, functions, and the importance of bones and joints for movement and support. It explains that there are 206 bones in an adult human, while babies are born with about 300 bones, and outlines different types of joints and their functions. Additionally, it discusses the role of muscles and tendons in movement, emphasizing that muscles are essential for bodily functions and survival.

1. Moving and
Growing By: Anushay
Abrar

2. Bones and the Skeleton
● The hard parts inside your body
are called bones.
● There are 206 bones in the body of
an human adult.
● The bones form the skeleton of
your body.
● Babies are born with about 300
bones.
● Bones are made up of a mineral
called Calcium. (e.g Milk)
● Blood is made in the bone marrow

3. Functions of the Human Skeletons
★ The skeleton is like the
wooden framework of a
house.
★ A skeleton supports the human
body and gives it a shape.
★ Without a skeleton for support,
we would be as floppy as a jelly
fish on land.
★ The human skeleton protects
important organs, such as the
brain, eyes, heart and lungs.
★ It allows a human being to move.

4. Skeletons of other animals
Skeleton of a
Snake
Skeleton of a
Fish
Skeleton of a
Bat
Skeleton of
Bird

5. Skeletons of other animals
➢ Not all animals have skeletons
inside their bodies. Some animals
have skeletons outside their
bodies, while others have no
skeletons at all.
➢ The animals that have skeletons
are outside their bodies are called
Exoskeletons.
➢ Crabs, Lobsters, Beetles and
Spiders are some examples of
Exoskeletons.

7. JOINTS
What is a Joint?
➔ A joint is where two or more bones meet.
➔ Types of Joints:
➔ Ball-and socket joint -------------- l.e.g Hip
joint
➔ Hinge Joint ----------------- Elbow Joint
➔ Pivot Joint ------------------- Neck Joint
➔ Saddle Joint -------------------- Thumb Joint

8. FUNCTION OF TYPES OF JOINTS
❖ Ball-Socket Joint: It allows movement in many directions, including back
and forth, side to side and circular movements. Some examples are Hip
joint and Shoulder Joint.
❖ Hinge Joint: A hinge joint works like a door. It allows back and forth
movements. Some examples of such joints are the knee joints, elbow
joints, finger joints and toe joints.
❖ Pivot Joint: A pivot joint allows the rotation of a bone about
another. An example of such joints is the neck joints.
❖ Saddle Joint: A saddle joint allows a bone to slide in two directions -------
back and forth, as well as side to side. An example of such joints is the
thumb joint.

9. ● Muscles are made up of tough,
elastic fibres that contract
(shorten) and relax to enable you
to move.
● Muscles enable us to move.
● Without muscles, you will not
be able to walk, run, jump or
dance and even smile, talk,
chew and breathe.
● In fact, you will not be able to live
without muscles because your
heart is a muscular pump which
works non-stop to keep you alive.
MUSCLES AND
TENDONS

10. ● Some muscles in your body, such as
your biceps,are attached to bones.
● When these skeletal muscles contract,
they pull on the bones and the bones
move.
● Skeletal muscles can only pull but
they cannot push.
● Thus, they have to work in pairs.
● Not all muscles are attached to bones,
your heart muscles and those in the walls
of your stomach and intestines are not
attached to bones.
● They contract and relax to enable
MUSCLES AND
TENDONS

11. TENDONS
❏ Tendons are strong cords in our body
that attach muscles to bones.
❏ When you bend and straighten your
arm, the tendon that connects your
biceps to your lower arm bone moves.
❏ The strongest and largest tendon is the
Achilles tendon that connects the
muscles in the lower leg to the heel
bone.
How did the Achille tendon got its name?
★ The Achilles tendon got its name
from a Greek warrior named Achilles.

12. 20
The
human