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Dagmar Kusiak February 19, 2011 Motivation in Learning Assignment Six INST 6031
What is motivation and motivational theory? Definition: “Motivation is defined as an internal drive that activates behavior and gives it direction. The term motivation theory is concerned with the processes that describe why and how human behavior is activated and directed”  (Romando, 2007, para. 1).
Why do we need motivated students? Motivated students will eventually become entrepreneurs or work for an employer. These motivated employees help organizations survive. Motivated employees are more productive  (Lindner, 1998).
How do we motivate our students? Research show that setting objectives is an effective way of helping students learn and recall information. It is important for students to set not only long term goals of the project, but the short term goals as well.  ( Briggs, Gustafson, & Tillman, 1992, p. 110 ).
ARC’s Model ARC’s Model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) encourages successful achievement of objectives  ( Branch & Fitzgerald, 1999, p. 89).
ARC’s Model of Motivational Design (Keller) Confidence Attention Relevance Satisfaction Grab attention through perceptual arousal or inquiry arousal Establish relevance to increase motivation. Help learner estimate probability of success,  allow learners to feel in control, and give learner’s feedback.  Learning must be rewarding, learner much feel skill is useful, and get appropriate feedback and reinforcement without over patronizing.  ,[object Object]
ARC’s Model of Motivational Design (Keller) Continued ,[object Object],1. Variability 2. Humor 3. Concreteness 4. Conflict 5. Inquiry  6. Participation ttention elevance 1. Experience 2. Present worth 3. Future usefulness 4. Matching 5. Modeling 6. Choice Confidence 1. Learning requirements 2. Difficulty 3. Expectations 4. Attributions 5. Self-confidence Satisfaction 1. Unexpected rewards 2. Positive Outcomes 3. Avoiding negative influences 4. Scheduling of reinforcements 5. Natural consequences
Goal setting theory pecific easureable ttainable ealistic imely Clarity Challenge Commitment Feedback Complexity (Mindtools.com, 2010).
Self-Regulation through Learning Definition: “Self-regulation is the process  by which people attempt to constrain unwanted urges in order to gain control of the incipient response.”  (Baumesiter & Vohs, 2007, p. 2, 3). Simply put: self regulation involves changing ones behavior.
Four Ingredients to Self-Regulation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Kusiak’s Insight on Motivation ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]
Reference List About-E-learning Resource. (2010). Learning and Motivation. Retrieved from  http://www.about-elearning.com/motivation.html Baumeister, R.F.,& Vohs, K. (2007). Self-Regulation, Ego Depletion, and Motivation. [Abstract].  Social and Personal Psychology Compass,  2-4.  Branch, M.B. & Fitzgerald, M.A (1999).  Educational Media and Technology Yearbook.  Retrieved from  http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ScG4TZE4h_EC&oi=fnd&pg=PA89&dq=apply+instructional+design+to+motivate+students&ots=3s1sx1k1fO&sig=0V_nFayXXe7a5cWTW4c6xINMQI0#v=onepage&q&f=false Briggs, L., Gustafson, K., & Tillman, M. (1992).  Instructional Design Principles and Applications. Implementation  (2 nd  edition) .  Retrieved from  http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ScG4TZE4h_EC&oi=fnd&pg=PA89&dq=apply+instructional+design+to+motivate+students&ots=3s1sx1k1fO&sig=0V_nFayXXe7a5cWTW4c6xINMQI0#v=onepage&q&f=false Learning Theories Knowledgebase (2010, September). ARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller) at Learning-Theories.com. Retrieved September 24th, 2010 from  http://www.learning-theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-motivational-design.html Lindner, J. (1998). Understanding Employee Motivation. ( ISSN No 1077-5315) [Abstract].  Journal Editorial Office.  36(3). Retrieved from  http://www.joe.org/joe/1998june/rb3.php Mindtools.com (2010).  Locke’s Goal Setting Theory . Retrieved from  http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_87.htm Romando, R. (2007, January 8). Motivation Theory.  Ezine Articles.  Retrieved from  http://ezinearticles.com/?Motivation-Theory&id=410700

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Motivational Theories

  • 1. Dagmar Kusiak February 19, 2011 Motivation in Learning Assignment Six INST 6031
  • 2. What is motivation and motivational theory? Definition: “Motivation is defined as an internal drive that activates behavior and gives it direction. The term motivation theory is concerned with the processes that describe why and how human behavior is activated and directed” (Romando, 2007, para. 1).
  • 3. Why do we need motivated students? Motivated students will eventually become entrepreneurs or work for an employer. These motivated employees help organizations survive. Motivated employees are more productive (Lindner, 1998).
  • 4. How do we motivate our students? Research show that setting objectives is an effective way of helping students learn and recall information. It is important for students to set not only long term goals of the project, but the short term goals as well. ( Briggs, Gustafson, & Tillman, 1992, p. 110 ).
  • 5. ARC’s Model ARC’s Model (Attention, Relevance, Confidence, and Satisfaction) encourages successful achievement of objectives ( Branch & Fitzgerald, 1999, p. 89).
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  • 8. Goal setting theory pecific easureable ttainable ealistic imely Clarity Challenge Commitment Feedback Complexity (Mindtools.com, 2010).
  • 9. Self-Regulation through Learning Definition: “Self-regulation is the process by which people attempt to constrain unwanted urges in order to gain control of the incipient response.” (Baumesiter & Vohs, 2007, p. 2, 3). Simply put: self regulation involves changing ones behavior.
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  • 12. Reference List About-E-learning Resource. (2010). Learning and Motivation. Retrieved from http://www.about-elearning.com/motivation.html Baumeister, R.F.,& Vohs, K. (2007). Self-Regulation, Ego Depletion, and Motivation. [Abstract]. Social and Personal Psychology Compass, 2-4. Branch, M.B. & Fitzgerald, M.A (1999). Educational Media and Technology Yearbook. Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ScG4TZE4h_EC&oi=fnd&pg=PA89&dq=apply+instructional+design+to+motivate+students&ots=3s1sx1k1fO&sig=0V_nFayXXe7a5cWTW4c6xINMQI0#v=onepage&q&f=false Briggs, L., Gustafson, K., & Tillman, M. (1992). Instructional Design Principles and Applications. Implementation (2 nd edition) . Retrieved from http://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=ScG4TZE4h_EC&oi=fnd&pg=PA89&dq=apply+instructional+design+to+motivate+students&ots=3s1sx1k1fO&sig=0V_nFayXXe7a5cWTW4c6xINMQI0#v=onepage&q&f=false Learning Theories Knowledgebase (2010, September). ARCS Model of Motivational Design (Keller) at Learning-Theories.com. Retrieved September 24th, 2010 from http://www.learning-theories.com/kellers-arcs-model-of-motivational-design.html Lindner, J. (1998). Understanding Employee Motivation. ( ISSN No 1077-5315) [Abstract]. Journal Editorial Office. 36(3). Retrieved from http://www.joe.org/joe/1998june/rb3.php Mindtools.com (2010). Locke’s Goal Setting Theory . Retrieved from http://www.mindtools.com/pages/article/newHTE_87.htm Romando, R. (2007, January 8). Motivation Theory. Ezine Articles. Retrieved from http://ezinearticles.com/?Motivation-Theory&id=410700