Introduction to Internet

1. MORE ABOUT THE INTERNET
Mr. Abdul Rahman

2. INTERNET
• The Internet is a collection of networks.
• The Internet as a whole has no governing
body.

3. HISTORY OF INTERNET
•In 1983 the Internet Activities Board or IAB was formed to oversee
the network activities.
•Later on the IAB has begun to be called the Internet Architectural
Board.
•In 1989 the Internet Research Task Force or IRTF was formed.
•In 1992, the Internet Society was formed to promote the use of
Internet. It is governed by the elected trustees who appoint the IAB
members.

4. CONNECTING TO THE INTERNET
If you want to connect to the Internet, you will need the following :
•A computer system
•A modem
•A telephone line or cable connection
•An Internet Service Provider or ISP
•Internet Access Software
•Internet application software

5. CONNECTING TO INTERNET

6. COMPUTER SYSTEM
• A computer with at least an Intel
386 microprocessor.
• The computer must have 16 MB of
RAM and 200 MB of free hard disk
space.

7. MODEM
•A modem is a device that connects
different computer systems to the
Internet using telephone or cable
lines.
•Everything you send receive on your
computer to/from the Internet must
pass through it.
•Modem stands for Modulation and
Demodulation.

8. MODULATION AND DEMODULATION
• Modulation is the process of converting digital signals of
computer to analog signals (used in telephone line).
• Demodulation is the process of converting analog signals to
digital signals.

9. TELEPHONE/CABLE LINE
•Modems do not have their own wires or cables to
connect to the Internet.
• Instead, the normal telephone
or cable connection is used to
connect to the Internet.

10. INTERNET SERVICE PROVIDER (ISP)
•ISP’s are generally companies or agencies that provide internet
access to the users.
•They have powerful computers called Servers, which are special
computers connected to the Internet through satellite or other
communication channels.
•ISP’s provide the user with the username and password to connect
to the Internet and the users are charged a monthly fees.

11. POPULAR ISP’s IN KSA

12. INTERNET ACCESS SOFTWARE
•Internet Access Software is necessary to setup and
control the connection from your computer to the
Internet.
•There are two main components :
Dialer Software
TCP/IP network software

13. • A dialer is used to tell the modem to dial a
telephone number or a connection number
and to identify your computer to the ISP’s
computer.
• A TCP/IP network software allows programs
on your computer to communicate over the
Internet after the connection has been
established. It may be different for different
ISP’s.

14. INTERNET APPLICATION SOFTWARE
•It is simply called as a Browser which allow you to access and
browse through different websites and web Pages on the Internet.
•Examples of web browsers
are :

15. WEB BROWSER TERMINOLOGY
•Home Page
• The first page which appears when you open the Browser.
•Hyperlinks
• It may be a text or a picture and when you click it, It will lead you to the part
of the webpage which it has been linked to.
•Uniform Resource Locator (URL)
• Every webpage on the Internet has a unique address called the Uniform
Resource Locator.
• For example the URL for GOOGLE is http://www.google.com.

16. ADDRESS BAR
• Back button
• Forward button
• Stop button
• Refresh button
• Favorite button
• Home button
• Print button

17. SEARCHING ON THE INTERNET
•Internet contains millions of websites and
pages of information, i.e., you can find
information about almost all the subjects and
topics.
•It is not always possible to know the address of
all the websites, For this you have to use Search
Engines.
•Internet search engines are websites, which
search for information for you according to the
words or terms you have given.

18. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
EDUCATION
•Internet makes it possible to learn in an environment
where the teachers and the students are not needed at
the same location or in a class.
•Schools can conduct online tests for the subject and
students can give the test from their home with just an
Internet Connection.
•Distance education becomes easier and affordable with
the use of the Internet.

19. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
NEWSGROUP
•The places on the Internet where you can
change your ideas and views on different
subjects is called a Newsgroup.
•You can join any newsgroup of your interest and
can read messages posted by other people and
reply to those messages.
•You can also post questions regarding a topic in a
newsgroup.

20. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
ONLINE NEWS PAPER
•Most of the newspaper company
nowadays have an Internet
version and you can visit these
newspaper online.
•So, using the Internet you can
have access to various
newspapers from all over the
world.

21. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
FINDING PEOPLE
•You can find people on the
Internet such as your classmates,
relatives and any great
personalities.
•If the person has an online
profile on the Internet then you
can find his/her address,
telephone number, e-mail id, etc.

22. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
E-GREETING CARDS
•You can send online greeting cards
to your relatives and friends
through the Internet in the same
way as you send email to them.
•There are several sites that provide
this facility. The cards can be free
or paid ones and are available for
all occasions and seasons.

23. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
VIDEO CONFERENCING
•It is an exiting features of the
Internet, which allows two or
more people from different
places to talk as if the are sitting
in front of each other and seeing
each other.
•Video conferencing is widely
used in big companies i.e., TV
shows, News media etc.

24. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
DOWNLOADING
•It is a method by which you can
access files, software and
information from a remote
computer using Internet.
•When you access a webpage you
actually download the text and
images to your computer.
•You can download games, songs,
pictures etc.

25. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
INTERNET SHOPPING
•There are several sites, which
offers shopping on the Internet.
•You are required to select the
desired product and fill up some
fields in a form.
•You need a credit card for this
purpose.

26. ADVANCED USES OF INTERNET
CHATTING
•Using chat facility on the
Internet, you can talk and
communicate with people around
the world in no time.
•There are special chat software
available called the messengers,
in which you type the message in
a text box and press enter to
send.