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Monitoring animals/fauna 
In forest/jungle
den counts and direct observation 
surveys on the footprints 
calls 
dung 
live trapping 
All these surveys are usually performed along transects and in the past they were the preferred method by 
government departments and scientists in Malaysia
abilities of the 
observers to 
observe terrestrial 
mammals in 
tropical rainforests 
can be extremely 
challenging 
recognize the species 
may lead to a bias 
during data collection 
different 
detect 
increases the likelihood of animals fleeing unobserved
TRANSECT SURVEYS / logging tracks 
Why It Been Used? 
Cheap Fast way of obtaining information 
Why It Not Been Used Anymore? 
Logging tracks may not yield substantial 
evidence of species diversity 
Thus, if any survey were to be conducted 
without considering these factors a bias 
trend could be expected in most wildlife 
surveys in Malaysia. 
To describe density of 
mammals for various 
purposes 
Describe diversity 
Environmental impact 
assessment
Wildlife Monitoring Using Camera 
Traps
Invented in 
the late 
1890s 
CAMERA 
TRAPS 
First used in 
the field in 
1913 
For 
surveying 
and 
estimating 
tiger 
densities 
Examining 
activity 
patterns of 
large 
mammals 
General 
wildlife 
surveys 
Foraging 
ecology 
Cryptic 
animal 
survey
• References 
• http://awsassets.wwf.org.my/downloads/a_general_guide_to_camera_tra 
pping_large_mammals_in_tropical_rainforests__with_particula.pdf 
• http://www.mjkelly.info/Publications/SunaroTropicalCarnivores.pdf 
http://www.bbec.sabah.gov.my/japanese/downloads/2012/april/camera_ 
trap_manual_for_printing_final.pdf 
• http://www.teamnetwork.org/protocols/bio/terrestrial-vertebrate 
• Videos from WWF Malaysia.

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Monitoring Animals/ Fauna in Malaysia

  • 2. den counts and direct observation surveys on the footprints calls dung live trapping All these surveys are usually performed along transects and in the past they were the preferred method by government departments and scientists in Malaysia
  • 3. abilities of the observers to observe terrestrial mammals in tropical rainforests can be extremely challenging recognize the species may lead to a bias during data collection different detect increases the likelihood of animals fleeing unobserved
  • 4. TRANSECT SURVEYS / logging tracks Why It Been Used? Cheap Fast way of obtaining information Why It Not Been Used Anymore? Logging tracks may not yield substantial evidence of species diversity Thus, if any survey were to be conducted without considering these factors a bias trend could be expected in most wildlife surveys in Malaysia. To describe density of mammals for various purposes Describe diversity Environmental impact assessment
  • 6. Invented in the late 1890s CAMERA TRAPS First used in the field in 1913 For surveying and estimating tiger densities Examining activity patterns of large mammals General wildlife surveys Foraging ecology Cryptic animal survey
  • 7.
  • 8.
  • 9. • References • http://awsassets.wwf.org.my/downloads/a_general_guide_to_camera_tra pping_large_mammals_in_tropical_rainforests__with_particula.pdf • http://www.mjkelly.info/Publications/SunaroTropicalCarnivores.pdf http://www.bbec.sabah.gov.my/japanese/downloads/2012/april/camera_ trap_manual_for_printing_final.pdf • http://www.teamnetwork.org/protocols/bio/terrestrial-vertebrate • Videos from WWF Malaysia.