research

1. MODULE 05 -
CITATIONS

2. ACTIVITY
Imagine that you are a writer what
will you feel if someone tried to
copy and present your work
claiming they are the one who
made it?

3. At the end of this module, you should be able to:
• Cognitive:
Determine the different steps in doing an APA style
citation
• Affective:
Appreciate the importance of Research Citations.
• Psychomotor:
Cite related literature and studies using the APA
Style

4. According to Research Ethics
“Researchers must respect the
confidentiality and propriety rights of
peers, colleagues and students
whose materials are reviewed for
publication, presentation, or funding
by a grant” Thus, this must be given
due attention in listing reference

5. THE AMERICAN PSYCHOLOGICAL
ASSOCIATION (APA)
The style guide issued by the American
Psychological Association (APA) is one of the
common formatting styles in academic writing.
Despite its name, APA style is used in a variety
of academic disciplines as it's designed to be
clear and easy to follow. This is certainly a plus
when faced with organizing a paper.

6. EXAMPLES
According to Smith (2012), laughing helps a person conquer the
hiccups.
• The second way of doing an in-text citation is to cite the information,
then put both the author and the publication year in parentheses:

7. EXAMPLES
Laughter is believed to be a way to conquer the hiccups (Smith,
2012).
• If, instead of summarizing the information from the source, you will
be using a direct quote, you will also need the page number on which
the quote can be found in your in-text citation.

8. EXAMPLES
According to Smith (2012), ''Laughter was successful in curing
hiccups almost 70% of the time'' (p. 822).
If the author is not cited in the introductory phrase, the citation for a
direct quote would look like this:

9. EXAMPLES
(Smith, 2012, p. 822)
• The big thing to remember is that when using a direct quote, make
sure the page number the quote can be found on is a part of the in-
text citation.

10. REFERENCE PAGE APA
FORMAT
The reference page is a page
that lists all of the sources used within
your paper. The references should be
placed in alphabetical order according
to the author's last name. All lines in the
entry after the first line should be
indented half an inch from the margin.

11. REFERENCE PAGE APA
FORMAT
When creating your reference
page, you will need additional pieces
of information from your citation. What
information is needed will depend on
the type of reference you are using.
This video will cover the two most
common types of references in
academic writing: journal articles and
books

12. JOURNAL ARTICLE IN APA FORMAT
• When creating a reference entry for a journal
article, you will need:
 the name of the author
 the year the article was published
 the name of the article
 the name of the journal
 the volume and issue number of the journal
 the pages on which the article can be found
 the DOI (if available)

13. Bibliography
• Melegrito L. and Mendoza D. Applied Research: Introduction to Quantitative
Research Method and Report Writing. Phoenix Publishing House 2016
• Fraenbel, J. Wallen, N., and Hyun, H. 2012. How to design and evaluate research in
education. 2012. USA: Mc-Graw-Hill.
• Creswell, J. 2014. Research design: qualitative, quantitative, and mixed method
approaches. 4th ed. Los Angeles: Sage.
• Jesson, J., Matheson, L., and Lacy, F. 2011. Doing your literature review: Traditional
and systematic techniques. Los Angeles: Sage.
• Baraceros E. Practical Research 2. Rex Publishing House