Academic writing training simplified 0702612523

Instructor: NASHON 0702612523
Academic Writing Training Simplified
Course Overview
Requirements
Upper-Intermediate to Advanced English knowledge
About this Course
This course will guide you around academic writing step by step. From the various
strictures given various academic writing tasks to common loopholes that affect your
credibility negatively.
Ten days' training for those who want to perfect their writing and render quality to clients.
The training points out all components that will make you stand out as an academic
writer. Besides, each lesson comes with an example, exercise, and probably a video
illustration to ensure you deeply comprehend the principles of academic writing.
Examples given will help you to compare where applicable visually.
The course requires you to have an upper intermediate to advanced English knowledge.
Course Outline (What you will learn)
1. The Writing process
2. The various writing formats and styles
3. Referencing
4. Citations
5. Writing tools and Utilizing assignment databases
6. Putting it all together
THE WRITING PROCESS
The writing process is something each writer does in his or her way. We can not define
the perfect way of doing it, but it can be a fluid or a mess of a process. However, most
quality writers utilize the steps below in the academic writing process.
1. Pre-writing(The Brainy Part)
• First, you need to understand the task at hand.
• Given the task figure out the topic of discussion.
• Create a picture of your audience and client's expectations and voice to use.

• Brainstorm and come up with ideas on the subject.
2. Research
• Carry out your research: Evaluate the various sources of information.
• Finally, outline your work to ensure o9rganized research work.
3. Compose Draft
Now that you have your ideas and relevant information, its time to lay them down.
• Paraphrase your work: Write the information in your own words.
• Write sentences even if not grammatically correct.
• Read your work to find out whether it's sensible based on your task.
• Identify missing information and add it to your work. Write down until you have said
everything.
4. Revision
Always remember quality supersedes quantity
• Review what you have written
• Rearrange your work, ensuring its grammatically correct. Later in our course, we
will learn what writing tools and how to use them in our writing.
• Read your text aloud and ensure you feel the fluency.
5. Proofreading
Always ensure all your sentences are complete, and your work is grammatically correct
with the correct styling format. We will be learning about various writing formats in the
next topic.
Writing Formats and styles
Writing formats and styles differ from each other. At the end of this module, you will be
able to differentiate between writing formats, styles, and various types.
Writing formats
Writing styles is simply the citation style being used within the structure of writing.

What is a citation?
Citation is giving credit to authors whose work you will have used to generate the key
points.
Besides giving credit, citations help in getting rid of plagiarism.
We will be learning about plagiarism later long as we progress.
There are five major writing formats, as outlined below.
APA Format
APA was created in the year 1929. The format was developed by the American
Psychology Association hence the initials APA. The Writing format contains three
information pieces, as included in the text body. This information includes
• Last author-name
• Publication date
• The page source of information (If necessary)
For example: (John,2019, P.23)
Any information that is directly derived muse information a citation. Otherwise, if not
directly quoted, the citation should appear at the end of the information.
Below is a summary of the APA format, including the page formatting specifications.
MLA
This format is often used for humanities subjects. In the MLA Format author's name is
cited as well and page for situations with direct quotations.
For example (Smith) or (Smith,22)
Exception: This occurs when the source is quoted from a different publication. The citation
would look like this: (qt in Mwangi,23)
Below is a summary of the MLA format, including the page formatting specifications.
SSS

Chicago
This format originates from the Chicago University Press in 1906. The main objective of
the format is to use rules of grammar and punctuation standard in the US dictionary.
Turabian
Kate Tarubian and introduced this format. It targeted students writing dissertation,
thesis and research projects. Often it incorporates Chicago because they are almost
similar. However, Tarubian uses notes instead of parenthetical citations that modifies
the text flo9w.
The format focuses on the actual bibliographical formats.
IEEE
Like Tarubian, this format uses Chicagos foundation. The difference only appears in
the formatting of the Bibliography. Particular abbreviations are allowed in this format
but not in others. For example, writers can write 1st instead of first.
Determining the correct format is not the writer's decision. It's per the instructions of the
task given.

Writing Styles
Writing styles, on the other hand, is the technique that an individual author uses in his
writing.
Writing styles are divided into four as follows:
1.Expository
2.Descriptive
3.Persuasive
4.Narrative
In writing, you should always assess your work and determine the kind of writing style you
are supposed to use. Each of these styles is used for a specific purpose.
NB: A single text may contain more than one writing style.
Expository
When using this style, you should focus on basically trying to explain a concept. In this
kind of style, writers opinions are not included. Instead, writers focus on the facts about
the topic with evidence and figures included
For example, Scientific, Technical & Business writing and how-to articles.
Descriptive
This kind of writing is more fictional. When a writer uses descriptive writing, he/she is
creating an image of something. The main objective of this kind of writing is to describe
things as they are but not convince the audience about the subject.
Persuasive
It is the main style used in academic writing. In this style, the writer's goal is to convince
the audience about something. Mostly it contains writer’s opinions and supporting
reasons for their idea. Therefore given an argumentative paper, this is the style to
choose.
Narrative

This style is used in both fictional and non-fictional kind of writings. When writing, you
should focus on creating and communicating story posing a particular setting, characters
and conflicts.
Referencing
Referencing refers to a consistent method of acknowledging another person's ideas which
you have used in your writing.
Referencing varies with different kinds of writing formats discussed earlier.
Bad referencing can make one lose marks. That is not good for you as a writer since the
client's failure is yours to bear.
Why do we reference?
When writing a paper referencing helps to:
• Give credit to authors work.
• Make an argument valid.
• Inform reader on how dated information given is.
• Justify research around the topic.
• Curb plagiarism
Key to smooth referencing
Ensure you are organized.
Always write down reference information (author name, title/topic, year, publisher, website
name you visited) when carrying out your research.
See screenshots
Step1: Click on related articles

Step2: Click on the Cite icon
Step3: Copy paste the source to Referencing style

Citations
As we found out earlier in our module, citation informs your readers that certain
information in your work came from other sources. Information given in citations include:
Author Details
Title of the work
The publishers
Date of publication
Page number information was derived
Citing is much related with referencing. It helps:
• Readers find out more information on your ideas.
• Shows amount of research conducted.
• Makes your work more strong supporting your ideas.
When should I cite
You need to acknowledge sources you borrowed words or ideas. You should always cite:
• Upon quoting
• Upon paraphrasing

• Whenever ideas you are using have been used by someone else. When
someone else works helps in building your ideas.
Add a citation and create a bibliography.
Applies To: Word 2016 Word 2013 Word 2010 Word 2007
Before you can create a bibliography, you need to have at least one citation and source
in your document that will appear in your Bibliography. If you don't have all of the
information that you need about a reference to create a complete citation, you can use
a placeholder citation, and then complete the source information later.
For information about automatically formatting your bibliography in MLA, APA, and
Chicago- style see APA, MLA, Chicago: Automatically format bibliographies.
Note: Placeholder citations do not appear in the Bibliography.
Add a new citation and source to a document.
1. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click the arrow
next to Style.
2. Click the style that you want to use for the citation and source. For example,
social sciences documents usually use the MLA or APA styles for citations and
sources.
3. Click at the end of the sentence or phrase that you want to cite.
4. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Insert
Citation.

5. Do one of the following:
o To add the source information, click Add New Source, then begin to
fill in the source information by clicking the arrow next to Type of
source. For example, your source might be a book, a report, or a Web
site.
o To add a placeholder, so that you can create a citation and fill in the
source information later, click Add New Placeholder. A question mark
appears next to placeholder sources in Source Manager.
6. Fill in the bibliography information for the source.
To add more information about a source, click the Show All Bibliography Fields check
box.
Now you can create your bibliography.
Notes:
• If you choose a GOST or ISO 690 style for your sources and a citation is not unique,
append an alphabetic character to the year. For example, a citation would appear
as [Pasteur, 1848a].
• If you choose ISO 690-Numerical Reference and your citations still don't appear
consecutively, you must click the ISO 690 style again, and then press ENTER to
correctly order the citations.
Add additional citations from a previously used source
You can easily access citations you added previously. In fact, you can reuse them
throughout your document. It's simple.
1. Place the cursor where you want to insert a citation, and click References
> Insert Citation. 2. Find the citation by the Author or Tag name, and select
the citation.

Tip: You can insert a placeholder if you need to look up a citation later. Click
References > Insert Citation. Click Add New Placeholder, and create a unique
Tag name. Find the Placeholder in your content, and click the text to Edit
Source details.
Create a bibliography
Now that you’ve inserted one or more citations and sources in your document you can
create your bibliography.
1. Click where you want to insert a bibliography, usually at the end of the document.
2. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Bibliography.

3. Click a predesigned bibliography format to insert the bibliography into the document.
Find a source
The list of sources that you use can become quite long. At times you might search for a
source that you cited in another document by using the Manage Sources command.
1. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Manage Sources.
If you open a new document that does not yet contain citations, all of the sources
that you used in previous documents appear under Master List.
If you open a document that includes citations, the sources for those citations
appear under Current List. All the sources that you have cited, either in previous
documents or in the current document, appear under Master List.
2. To find a specific source, do one of the following:
o In the sorting box, sort by author, title, citation tag name, or year, and
then search the resulting list for the source that you want to find. o In the
Search box, type the title or author for the source that you want to find.
The list dynamically narrows to match your search term.

Note: You can click the Browse button in Source Manager to select another master list
from which you can import new sources into your document. For example, you might
connect to a file on a shared server, on a research colleague's computer or server, or on
a Web site that is hosted by a university or research institution.
Edit a source
1. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Manage
Sources.
2. In the Source Manager dialog box, under Master List or Current List, select the
source you want to edit, and then click Edit.
Note: To edit a placeholder to add citation information, select the placeholder
from Current List and click Edit.
3. In the Edit Source dialog box, make the changes you want and click OK.

Edit a citation placeholder
Occasionally, you may want to create a placeholder citation, and then wait until later to
fill in the complete bibliography source information. Any changes that you make to a
source are automatically reflected in the bibliography, if you have already created one. A
question mark appears next to placeholder sources in Source Manager.
1. On the References tab, in the Citations & Bibliography group, click Manage
Sources.
2. Under Current List, click the placeholder that you want to edit.
Note: Placeholder sources are alphabetized in Source Manager, along with
all other sources, based on the placeholder tag name. By default,
placeholder tag names contain the word Placeholder and a number, but you
can customize the placeholder tag name with whatever tag you want.
3. Click Edit.
4. Beginto fill in the source information by clicking the arrow next to Type of source.
For example, your source might be a book, a report, or a Web site.
5. Fill in the bibliography information for the source. To add more information about
a source, click the Show All Bibliography Fields check box.

Writing Tools and Utilizing Assignment Databases
Writing Tools
A poor craftsman blames his tools. However, at times I tend to oppose this saying. Let
it not make you feel guilty as a writer. Each writer needs a perfect environment to keep
him going. In this module, we will discover vital writing tools that will make academic
writing a breeze. Pulling up to the keyboard and using the right tools will make you feel
at home with academic writing.
Microsoft Word
It is a prominent tool. MSWord offers you a wide range of formatting features and meet
most of your academic writing needs. MS Word helps you configure your citations and
referencing automatically given different writing formats.
Grammarly
Your grammar needs to be perfect whenever you are forwarding a paper to a client.
Grammarly serves you best when it comes to correcting grammar errors and structures.
What Grammarly corrects
• Grammarly can help you deliver your message as intended through tone
detection.
• Helps you fix wordiness.
• It corrects poor word choice.
• It corrects gnarly sentence structure.
• Checks plagiarism.
NB: Grammarly is free but has a premium version with advanced grammar correction features.
Getting started/Installation

You can add a Grammarly extension to your browser or create a free Grammarly account.
How to use Grammarly
1. Once you have your account ready you can click on upload document or copy and
paste the text on the blank section next to the upload button.
2. Grammarly automatically detects your errors and gives you suggestions on the top
right corner is your score. On the ` centre bottom is your readability score.
3. Click on the corrections and suggested revisions.
Recommended Grammar score: 99
Readability Score: 60+
Grammarly ad here.
Turnitin
Turnitin is a tool used by writers for accurate plagiarism checking.
Plagiarism is the most terrible offence you can ever commit in academic writing. The tool
ensures a paper does not have an improper citation and inappropriate copying.
How Turnitin works
1. Request for Turnitin logins from us merely by placing an order and making the
necessary payments.
2. Open Assignments.
3. In Course Navigation, click the Assignments link.
4. Select Assignment
5. Click the title of the assignment.
6. Submit Assignment. ...
7. Add File. ...
8. Add Another File. ...
9. Submit Assignment and view submission
Within 15 minutes of submission, your originality report should be available.
Click on the bar as shown below to view report

Turnitin Instructor Account Technical Manual
Your Turnitin profile is ready to use and the settings are fully customized. The system does not
save the plagiarism checks in the database and configured with "No Repository" setting. Turnitin
System Provides a service to determine the originality of texts based on comparisons with their
internal database and net-wide searches and producing a plagiarism report.
In order to submit a draft paper for the plagiarism check, kindly follow the following easy
steps;
1. Login To The System Using The Provided Credentials. Type the website:
www.turnitin.com 2. Find All Classes
3. Under All Classes Go To Assignments (In Blue font) and click it
4. Look For "More Actions" and Click It
5. Click Submit
6. Fill Out The Small Form And Upload Your Word File from your computer (Ignore the
author part) 7. Check For Your Uploaded Paper Under Assignments> Papers then click
it 8. The Document Viewer Will Processed.
Utilizing assignment databases
To quickly handle your task, you need to utilize assignment databases maximumly. We
always recommend course hero for this. Course hero content is well organized, and
you can easily find what you are looking for quickly and easily.
Just by searching a topic and browsing you unveil answers to your task at hand.
How to use Course Hero
To search, simply enter your search terms into the search bar at the top of any page on
CourseHero.com.
Search tips:
• Check your spelling. Course Hero search will find exact matches only.
• Filter your search results. Once you've entered your search term, use the
dropdown menus to specify your school, department, Course, or subject to narrow
down your search results.
• Be specific! Try searching for the name of an author or the title of a study. Not sure
what you're looking for? Try browsing.
To browse, use the dropdown menu at the top of your window to select Find Study
Resources.
You can browse by school, by subject, or by book (literature only).

Instructor: Mike Nzioka 0720707414
Once you find the document you are searching for click on "Unlock Document then download
it.

Putting it all together
How do I land an online academic writing job/ Freelance writing gig as a beginner?
Now that you are done learning the principles of academic writing, how do you get a
writing job? If we feel you are good enough and we have the opportunities, we may hire
you as one of our writers.
However, we may not be able to hire everyone, so we decide to conclude our training by
guiding beginners on ways to land an academic writing job/freelance writing job as a
beginner. Besides, we share third party job opportunities on our community. Feel free to
join.
Kindly note: We are not responsible for any job postings from third parties.
Here are some ways to help you get writing gigs as a beginner:
Cold Pitching
Cold pitching, I know you are wondering what the hell this means. Cold pitching is
a less competitive way of you landing a freelance writing job.
You haven’ t talked about Cold pitching yet.
I t i s when you individually or as a brand contact institutions, businesses, or even
entrepreneurs and talk to them about how you can help grow their businesses.
Sounds challenging, especially for anyone trying to land o n a Freelance writing Job as
a beginner. But it’ s easy and worth i t. Identify Businesses, for instance, those without
the Blog section and those trying to have their online presence felt. Then try convincing
them how you would be of help. Draft an email an d send i t to them. What do I include
in the pitch?
• How you did discover them.
• Who are you and what about you?
• How will you assist them?
Job Board Ads (Easiest way to land a freelance writing job as a beginner)

I f you want to get good quality jobs, Job Board Ad is the way to go. It’ s a bit easier,
but the most common means by many writers. I emphasize choosing this path to land
a Freelance writing job as a beginner.
In some s ituations, you have to agree with the c lient on the starting rates. Some of
these Job Boards require subscription payments. However, I recommend you begin
with free Job Boards.
Some of these platforms include
Freelancer
Problogger
All freelancers writing job Board
Twitter
Millions of people are using Social media platforms to promote their brands and build
relations with prospects. Twitter specifical ly is a gold mine for freelancers to get jobs
and connect with other writers.
Below is a li st of Job Boards you ought to follow.
@ jjobs_ tweets
@ whopayswriters
@ write_ jobs
Ask friends

Sure! Go around inquiring. I got my f i rst Social Media marketing gig by ask ing.
Your friend may need help in editing something or creating promotional content.
Let your coworkers know they should consider you when in need of any
content.
Get a Professional Website
I t’ s the fastest way to attract well - paying clients or maybe perso nal Blogs. You can
use your niche as a marketing platform for your freelance services.
To get a professional website or a blog, you will have to obtain a domain name and
hosting.
Spoiler alert: You have to invest, but with $ 24 , you ‘ re good to good.
Good news, your Blog can make you some passive income.
Guest Post
Yeah, for free. Your guest post on a popular s ite i s l ikely to go viral. And among those
readers is a potential c l ient. Besides, you will have some samples of your work to show
to your c l ients.
I t’ s easy to get a brand to write for s imply google “niche+ write for us.” View the
instructions on the results you are interested in and post your idea.
Also, take your time to draft your author Bio. It’ s a critical piece and determines whether
authors will visit your s ite.
Build Network

The best thing that can boost any business i s networking. You lose nothing sharing, you
learn as well. Networking makes your brand stronger.
Later long, you will realize a lot of referrals by your network. I t’s a win - win s ituation. I
f you have been avid in networking, keep going, you are absolutely on the right track.
Warm pitching
Wait, my opening idea was cold pitching. Here we go, let’s try warm pitching as well.
This way too indirect method. For instance, i f you are interested in a particular brand
start l iking their page( Social Media)
In this case, you get any of their notifications and potential of l inking up with prospects.
What about you Social Media Profile
You need a job, why not say i t. State on your profile that you are for hire. Not many
freelancers do so. Prospects won’ t realize it until you alert them. Don’ t forget notifying
your network too.
Facebook Groups

Always works out, mainly that some of these g roups share posts on Freelance jobs.
Also, try joining the group’s conversations. It builds strong relationships that are l ikely
to render jobs. Throw out a post that is l ikely to grant you conversions.
Here are some Facebook communities to join
Smart Passive income
Freelancers Kenya The
Write Life Community.
Referal
Once you land any client, ask him/her to refer c lients to you. You can promise a
commission to psych him/her up. Try f iguring from them whether they have someone
in mind.
Go for sites that pay
Did I say you should guest post for free? I f there are Blogs that are paying you
to post, you can do away with the free guest posting. Besides, modify your portfolio such
that it pitches to job ads/
LinkedIn
Did you know L inked has a Job Board AD? Just go on the section and search for writing
jobs. L inked can earn you some Freelance writing jobs.
Extra tip.
You just need to refurbish your profile in a professional manner, which is l ikely to
attract c lients.
Finally Reddit
Yet another Social Media platform. On Reddit, you are l ikely to land a high paying Gig.
Conclusion
We have covered everything you need for your academic writing journey.
Now that you are well equipped its time, we parted ways. All the best.
In case you need clarification feel free to reach out via:
Mobile: 0720707414
Whatsapp: 0720707414

Community
What kind of a worker misses his tools? You will need a Grammarly AND Turntin account
if you are serious with writing and earning. Call me to get the accounts 0702612523
https://wa.me/254702612523

Academic writing training simplified 0702612523

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