This document provides an overview of key concepts in smart grid technology including: - Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI) which connects smart meters, utilities, and consumers for two-way data exchange. - Home Area Networks (HAN) which connect devices in homes like appliances and displays to the smart metering system. - Neighborhood Area Networks (NAN) and Sensor and Actuator Networks (SANET) which connect devices at the community level for monitoring and control. - Challenges to AMI include high costs, integration challenges across utility systems, and need for standardization.

1. Syllabus
Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI), Home Area Network
(HAN), Neighborhood-Area Networks (NANs), Sensor and
Actuator Networks (SANETs)
Smart Substations, Substation Automation, IEC 61850
Substation Architecture, Feeder Automation

2. •AMI is a technology that involves not only smart meter but also an infrastructure
of communications, software applications, and interfaces related to exchange of
data between the electric utility, the meter, the consumer, and authorized third
parties in some cases.
•AMI communications systems vary depending on the location, geography, the
utility company preference, and the technology choices available.
ADVANCED METERING
INFRASTRUCTURE

3. • AMI refers network infrastructure connecting smart meters, Meter Data
Management System(MDMS) and elements supporting communication between
the smart meters and the MDMS.

4. ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE
● AMR (Automated Meter Reading) systems allow meters to be read by utility personnel over wireless
links.
● It helps in reducing the cost associated with meter reading and also supports in billing process.

6. Principal characteristics of AMI
•Provide the basic link between the utility grid and the consumer.
•Generation and storage options distributed at consumer site can be monitored and
controlled via AMI technologies
•Markets are enabled by connecting the utility grid and the consumer through AMI
•Smart meters are employed with power quality monitoring abilities
•Remote connection and disconnection of individual supply
•Automatically send the consumption data to utility at predefined intervals
•Helps in self healing by detecting and locating failures
•Improve asset management and operations
•Accelerate the deployment of advanced distributed operations equipment and
applications
ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE

7. ADVANCED METERING INFRASTRUCTURE

8. Challenges of AMI
High Capital Costs: A full scale deployment of AMI requires expenditures on all hardware and
software components, including meters, network infrastructure and network management
software, along with cost associated with the installation and maintenance of meters and
information technology systems.
Integration: AMI is a complex system of technologies that must be integrated with utilities'
information technology systems, including Customer Information Systems (CIS), Geographical
Information Systems (GIS), Outage Management Systems (OMS), Work Management (WMS),
Mobile Workforce Management (MWM), SCADA/DMS, Distribution Automation System
(DAS), etc.
Standardization: Interoperability standards need to be defined, which set uniform requirements
for AMI technology, deployment and general operations are the keys to successfully connecting
and maintaining an AMI-based grid system.

11. Home Area Network (HAN)
• A dedicated network that is deployed and operated within a small
boundary, typically a house or small office/home office
• A subsystem within the Smart Grid dedicated to demand-side
management (DSM), and includes energy efficiency and demand response
which are the key components in realizing value in a Smart Grid
deployment Permits remote control of automated appliances and digital
devices all over the house.
• Enables communication and sharing of resources between computers,
mobiles and other devices.
• Connects devices in the home such as displays, load control devices and
ultimately "smart appliances” seamlessly into the overall smart metering
system.

18. Bulk Generation :
• Generators, plant control systems and market services interface
• Interacts with transmission domain and market operations through internet, LAN and WAN
Transmission:
• Electric storage, data collectors, controllers and substation devices.
• Interacts with bulk generation and operations
• Integrated with distribution domains
Distribution :
• Interacts with operations and consumers through FAN (Field Area Network)
Consumer:
• PHEV, metering, consumer equipment, electric storage, energy management system,
appliances etc.
Utilities :
• Utility and third party providers which handle billing consumer services Interacts with
operations and consumers
Operations :
SCADA, web access management system and EMS

22. Sensor & Actuator Networks (SANETs)
• Network of nodes which sense and react to their environment.
• Employed for both monitoring and control.
• Major actors in SANET include sensors, actuators, controllers and
communication networks.
• Sensors: Measure and convert physical properties into equivalent electrical
signals or data
• Controllers: Performs computations on the data sensed and takes control
decisions
• Actuators: Implement the control decisions, converts the electrical signal into
physical phenomena (displays) or actions (switches)
• Communication: Channel for communication among various SANET
components. Different types of protocols and media facilitates communication
and association between nodes and surrounding environment.

24. SANET Design Considerations
• SANET is application centric
• To realize the application- Physical phenomena, physical properties,
control logic and communication networks must be determined
• To realize the function requirements- Type of sensors, actuators,
controllers and media, standards & protocols should be determined.

28. Thank you