Modern communication technologies have vastly improved how information is shared. In the past, communication was only possible through letters, which could take weeks to be delivered. Now, people can communicate instantly through technologies like phones, email, video calls, and social media. Many farming communities now use WhatsApp groups, YouTube videos, and Facebook to exchange information and get answers from experts in real-time. These modern communication tools have transformed how farmers access important updates and resources.

1. MODERN COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGIES

2.  In the past days when letters are only
source of communication, they used to wait
for days or even for weeks for the message.
 But now we are able to access instant
updates and talk with friends where ever
there, when ever we want because of the
modern communication technologies

3. COMMUNICATION?
Transfer of information from sender to
receiver using different communication
channels.
MODERN COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY?
Communication by means of using advanced
channels using modern technology

4. • Ages before communication was done
through carrier pigeons.

5. • Later letters came into existence which were
sent to and fro by certain assisted people
• Then came postcards, telegrams etc.,

6. TELEPHONE
• Telephone may have been around a bit
longer than email but they are still a world
away from the days when we were reliant on
posting a letter.
• Whether on a landline or mobile instant
verbal communication has become a
mandatory part of the modern world.
• Farmers talk to experts and extension
personnel via telephone to seek information.

7. FAX
• Fax machines were all rage when they
became widely affordable in the 1980s and
90s.
• Fax allows the transmission of paper
documents over telephone wires
• They are considered a safer option than the
internet for the transmission of sensitive
material.

8. CONFERENCE CALL
• Its now even possible to have meetings over
the phone

9. • Telephones traditionally allowing only two
people to chat ,can now allow any number of
people to talk as though they were in a room
together
• Conference calls enable business persons to
save time and money by cutting expensive
travel

10. MOBILE PHONE
• The first handheld mobile phone was
demonstrated by John F. Mitchell and
Martin Cooper of Motorola in 1973.
• This made the communication more
handy and easy
• In this modern world every one uses and
owns a smart phone

12. INTERNET
• The Internet is the biggest world-wide
communication network of computers.

13. • It has millions of smaller
domestic, academic, business,
and government networks, which together
carry many different kinds of information.
• The term is sometimes abbreviated as "the
net".
• The World Wide Web is one of its biggest
services.
• It is used by a few billion people all over the
world.

14. • After the invention of internet, the
communication of present days had a gear up
as the information is transmitted across the
world
• Till early 2000’s the using of internet is down
the plane but now in present years it got
increased due to the increased accessibility.

15. EMAIL
• Its difficult to imagine life with out email
now.
• Business people exchange ideas on it.
• Friends keep in touch by it and marketing
teams thrive on it.
• Its hard to believe its only been around since
the 70s

16. INSTANT MESSAGING TOOLS
Instant messaging tools have been around for a
while, but look set to remain a feature of life
both online and offline
• Whatsapp
• Wechat
• Telegram
• Hike
• Normal messaging apps

17. VIDEO CALLS/ VIDEO CONFERENCES
• Distance does not matter these days face to
face communication became way more easier
than past via video calls.
• SKYPE is the app which allows video calls
across the world which is accessible with
internet

18. SOCIAL MEDIA
• The platform to put the information before
millions of people.
• Through social media the communication
process became faster than ever before.
• Through social media files, image, videos etc.,
can be shared and presented.
• There are various social media platforms like
facebook, YouTube, instagram, pinterest,
tumblr, twitter etc., are some of them

19. • Social media platforms like Facebook,
YouTube, Twitter and Google+ have higher
levels of use among Indians compared to US,
UK and European countries.
• These developments have opened up new
avenues for improving reach of extension
services for the needy farmers and other
stakeholders.

20. FACEBOOK
• Social networking giant facebook now has
over 1.59 billion users around the world.
• It is an American online social
media and social networking service company
started by Mark Zuckerberg
• A recent study has shown that 42% of farmers
use facebook

22. YOUTUBE
• YouTube is the most popular social media
platform for agriculture and livestock farmers.
• Of the 51% of farmers that use the site, 60%
seek out general news and 56% see
educational or how-to videos.
• Farmers are more likely to be found on social
media in the early morning hours or in the
evening.

24. WHATSAPP
• Whatsapp one of the most popular social
media tools offers many unique advantages,
which makes it a potent agricultural and
livestock extension tool.
• Whatsapp communities share tips and best
practices in cattle rearing and veterinary
experts help diagnose the health condition
and diseases of cattle remotely by looking at
an animal’s photograph.

26. PINTEREST
• Not widely used by rural farmers but
some educated farmers are using
this.
• It contain pins about various aspects
of livestock farming.

28. OTHER MODERN COMMUNICATION
TECHNOLOGIES
• Interactive video disc
• Radio trunking
• RDS paging
• Cyber space
• Virtual reality
technology
• Video phone
• Teledon
• View data
• Desktop publishing
• GIS system
• CD ROM Technology
• Expert systems

29. INTERACTIVE VIDEO DISC
• This system consists of a video disc player ,micro
computer and monitor .
• The monitor accepts signals from both computer
and disc player .
• This capability enables simultaneous presentation
of video images ,texts and computer graphics on
the screen .
• It can be useful where there is shortage of trained
teachers and large number of students are to be
trained .
• It helps in up dating farmer’s training materials
and also in location specific training .

30. RADIO TRUNKING
• It is a two way communication system which
uses radio frequencies to transmit voice and
data .
• Further ,it allows point to multipoint mobile
radio communication ,which means more
than two users can talk to one another
simultaneously .

31. RADIO DATA SYSTEM(RDS)PAGING
• This has been introduced in India in 1999 with
All India Radio launching FM based paging
services .
• Thus AIR became the first public broadcaster
in Asia to adopt paging for providing public
information .RDS paging has only a two
percent share of the global market

32. • CYBER:-According to oxford dictionary the
word cyber means relating to information
technology ,the internet and virtual reality .
• CYBER SPACE:-It is the imaginary or virtual
space of computers connected with each
other on networks across the globe .
• CYBER EXTENSION:-Refers to the process of
extension over the cyber space .

33. Features of cyber extension
• store of house of information
• information is available instantaneously 365 days
and 24 hours
• Communication can also the interactive through
email ,discussion groups ,news groups
• Information is available from any point on the
globe
• Communication is dynamic and ever growing .

34. VIRTUAL REALITY TECHNOLOGY
• It is a major break through in the way humans
interact with computers .
• computers generated images displayed in the
head sets and sound from built-in head phones
along with data .
• It has various application in education ,business
entertainment ,etc.
VIDEO PHONE
• Novel series for taking picture along with the
sound .

35. TELEDON
• Using a television set ,equipped with a special
decoding ,as the users terminal ,the sector is
connected via a telephone system ,to a large
central computer in which is stored a vast data
base of information .
• The user can select the desired content from a
menu .
• A keypad resembling a remote TV channel
selector is used to go through the menu and
select an item and the information appears on
the TV screen in colour graphics and text .

36. VIEW DATA
• This transmits information from a central
computer by telephone line to the screen of a
home television set or a computer .
• The amount of information which the system
can store is limited only by the capacity of its
computer .
• The farmer can search for information stored
in the data base and can request the
computer to make certain calculation by
combining information from his own farm .

37. DESKTOP PUBLISHING
• The design and production of teaching aids
and learning materials is a difficult
,expensive and time consuming task that
requires skills ,equipment and physical
facilities ,usually unavailable in rural areas of
developing countries .
• DTP offers many new opportunities .
• DTP combines typesetting ,graphics
production ,in a low cost ,user-friendly
package .

38. GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
• This is a computer assisted methods and
procedures used to capture ,storage and
analysis data having geographical properties
and the display of results in geographical
form .
• Before implementing any programme
,resource assessment and analyzing socio
economic characteristics are very much
essential and for these we can best make use
of GIS .

39. CD ROM TECHNOLOGY
• The latest technology available for the wide
distribution of database is the compact
DISC.Read only memory(CD ROM) .
• It is a new method of data storage and
retrieval .
• Compact Disks(CD) are plastic discs usually
4.72 inches in diameter with a storage
capacity of over 500 MN which is roughly
equal to 2,50,000 pages of text or 1500
floppy discs .(Dudhani et al ,2004)

40. EXPERT SYSTEMS
• Expert systems are computer programmes that
emulate logic and problem solving proficiency of a
human expert .
• Expert systems are advantageous in the sense that
they bring performance to the expertise of an
expert in the field .
• Timely advice is also very much crucial for the
farmers to save the plants and animals from further
damage in case of emergencies .
E.g.1.COUNSELLER(to manage insects and diseases on
wheat)
2.GRAPES(a pest management system for grapes)
3.POMME(to manage disease and insects in
apples)and Poultry Expert System
(dtraju@yahoo.com) .

41. ICT INITIATIVES IN ANIMAL HUSBANDRY
AND DAIRYING
• ICT(Information communication Technology)
• It can play a dominant role in making information
at right time in right place at a reasonable cost .
• Warna wired village project:-providing internet
access to cooperative societies spread in 70
villages of Maharashtra .
• MSSRF (M.S.Swaminathan Research Foundation
established a hub of information network ,in
Villianur village ,Pondicherry .

42. • The DAH&D has established a Local Area
Network(LAN) with 230 nodes at Krishi bhavan
New Delhi with internet access through NICNET
gate way .
• An ICT learning (e-Learning) centre has also been
established to provide online internet access .
• DISK(Dairy information and services kiosk) is
taken up by GCMFL(Gujarat Cooperative Milk
Marketing Federation Ltd) with the help of Indian
Institute of Management ,Ahmadabad
• The NDDB has established “AKASHGANGA”
which provides total integrated solution for
automatic milk collection .

43. • The Central Institute for Research on Goats
(CIRG)has developed e-mail conference system
for goat outreach called as “majordomo” which is
available on www.greatcircle.com .
• Under Animal Health Project funded by
(DFID)Department for International Development
Rajiv Gandhi college of Veterinary and Animal
Sciences(RAGACOVAS) Pondicherry in
collaboration with University of Reading ,UK ,has
designed an interactive touch screen information
Kiosk on dairy cattle and goats .
• TANUVAS, Chennai has also developed touch
screen information Kiosk on dairy cattle .

44. ICT efforts of ICAR and GOI
• IP-Telephony and Video conferencing at ICAR
institutes/HQs
• V-SAT connectivity to 192 KVKs and 8 Zonal project
Directorates through ERNET-KVK ,ICAR Network .
• Upgrading ICAR-ERNET network involving all ICAR
institutes and SAUs under on going NAIP project
component .
• Toll free number 1800-180-1551 created by a Ministry
of Agriculture ,GOI ,can be used by farmers any where
in the country to access the information on agriculture
and allied subjects

45. • Bhoomi project ,Karnataka
• Gyandoot project at Dhar, Madhya Pradesh
• E-weather
• E-chaupal
• E-governance
• E-commerce

46. THANKYOU
G SAI VIJAYA RAGJNI
TVM/17-17