Information system project management (IT - project) is a complex iterative process. An important role for the development of complex IT projects plays records of the development lifecycle (LC). The article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the work on the creation of IT - projects based on two modified models of the life cycle: cascade and spiral. Analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the IT project was implemented on the basis of simulation. The modeling was carried out on the basis of Any Ljgic tools on the example of development of geoinformation system (GIS). It is shown that it is advisable to design GIS on the basis of a modified spiral LC with splitting of the flow of requirements at the input. The peculiarity of the proposed study is to take into account the requirements in the form of communicative interactions of different types. Under the communicative interactions are understood all the interactions between the subjects of the process of creating an IT-project: verbal and non - verbal, carried out on the basis of CASE-means
Information system project management (IT - project) is a complex iterative process. An important role for the development of complex IT projects plays records of the development lifecycle (LC). The article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the work on the creation of IT - projects based on two modified models of the life cycle: cascade and spiral. Analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the IT project was implemented on the basis of simulation. The modeling was carried out on the basis of Any Ljgic tools on the example of development of geoinformation system (GIS). It is shown that it is advisable to design GIS on the basis of a modified spiral LC with splitting of the flow of requirements at the input. The peculiarity of the proposed study is to take into account the requirements in the form of communicative interactions of different types. Under the communicative interactions are understood all the interactions between the subjects of the process of creating an IT-project: verbal and non - verbal, carried out on the basis of CASE-means.
This paper presents a vision on how the software development process could be a fully unified mechanized
process by getting benefits from the advances of Natural Language Processing and Program Synthesis
fields. The process begins from requirements written in natural language that is translated to sentences in
logical form. A program synthesizer gets those sentences in logical form (the translator's outcome) and
generates a source code. Finally, a compiler produces ready-to-run software. To find out how the building
blocks of our proposed approach works, we conducted an exploratory research on the literature in the
fields of Requirements Engineering, Natural Language Processing, and Program Synthesis. Currently, this
approach is difficult to accomplish in a fully automatic way due to the ambiguities inherent in natural
language, the reasoning context of the software, and the program synthesizer limitations in generating a
source code from logic.
Availability Assessment of Software Systems Architecture Using Formal ModelsEditor IJCATR
There has been a significant effort to analyze, design and implement the information systems to process the information and data, and solve various problems. On the one hand, complexity of the contemporary systems, and eye-catching increase in the variety and volume of information has led to great number of the components and elements, and more complex structure and organization of the information systems. On the other hand, it is necessary to develop the systems which meet all of the stakeholders' functional and non-functional requirements. Considering the fact that evaluation and assessment of the aforementioned requirements - prior to the design and implementation phases - will consume less time and reduce costs, the best time to measure the evaluable behavior of the system is when its software architecture is provided. One of the ways to evaluate the architecture of software is creation of an executable model of architecture.
The present research used availability assessment and took repair, maintenance and accident time parameters into consideration. Failures of software and hardware components have been considered in the architecture of software systems. To describe the architecture easily, the authors used Unified Modeling Language (UML). However, due to the informality of UML, they utilized Colored Petri Nets (CPN) for assessment too. Eventually, the researchers evaluated a CPN-based executable model of architecture through CPN-Tools.
ITERATIVE AND INCREMENTAL DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS STUDY OF VOCATIONAL CAREER INF...ijseajournal
Software development process presents various types of models with their corresponding phases required to be accordingly followed in delivery of quality products and projects. Despite the various expertise and skills of systems analysts, designers, and programmers, systems failure is inevitable when a suitable development process model is not followed. This paper focuses on the Iterative and Incremental Development (IID)model and justified its role in the analysis and design software systems. The paper adopted the qualitative research approach that justified and harnessed the relevance of IID in the context of systems analysis and design using the Vocational
Career Information System (VCIS) as a case study. The paper viewed the IID as a change-driven software development process model. The results showed some system specification, functional specification of system and design specifications that can be used in implementing the VCIS using the IID model. Thus, the paper concluded that in systems analysis and design, it is imperative to consider a suitable development process that reflects the engineering mind-set, with heavy emphasis on good analysis and design for quality assurance.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE STYLESijfcstjournal
Software architecture is the structural solution that achieves the overall technical and operational requirements for software developments. Software engineers applied software architectures for their software system developments; however, they worry the basic benchmarks in order to select software architecture styles, possible components, integration methods (connectors) and the exact application of each style. The objective of this research work was a comparative analysis of software architecture styles by its weakness and benefits in order to select by the programmer during their design time. Finally, in this study, the researcher has been identified architectural styles, weakness, and Strength and application areas with its component, connector and Interface for the selected architectural styles.
Information system project management (IT - project) is a complex iterative process. An important role for the development of complex IT projects plays records of the development lifecycle (LC). The article presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the work on the creation of IT - projects based on two modified models of the life cycle: cascade and spiral. Analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the IT project was implemented on the basis of simulation. The modeling was carried out on the basis of Any Ljgic tools on the example of development of geoinformation system (GIS). It is shown that it is advisable to design GIS on the basis of a modified spiral LC with splitting of the flow of requirements at the input. The peculiarity of the proposed study is to take into account the requirements in the form of communicative interactions of different types. Under the communicative interactions are understood all the interactions between the subjects of the process of creating an IT-project: verbal and non - verbal, carried out on the basis of CASE-means.
This paper presents a vision on how the software development process could be a fully unified mechanized
process by getting benefits from the advances of Natural Language Processing and Program Synthesis
fields. The process begins from requirements written in natural language that is translated to sentences in
logical form. A program synthesizer gets those sentences in logical form (the translator's outcome) and
generates a source code. Finally, a compiler produces ready-to-run software. To find out how the building
blocks of our proposed approach works, we conducted an exploratory research on the literature in the
fields of Requirements Engineering, Natural Language Processing, and Program Synthesis. Currently, this
approach is difficult to accomplish in a fully automatic way due to the ambiguities inherent in natural
language, the reasoning context of the software, and the program synthesizer limitations in generating a
source code from logic.
Availability Assessment of Software Systems Architecture Using Formal ModelsEditor IJCATR
There has been a significant effort to analyze, design and implement the information systems to process the information and data, and solve various problems. On the one hand, complexity of the contemporary systems, and eye-catching increase in the variety and volume of information has led to great number of the components and elements, and more complex structure and organization of the information systems. On the other hand, it is necessary to develop the systems which meet all of the stakeholders' functional and non-functional requirements. Considering the fact that evaluation and assessment of the aforementioned requirements - prior to the design and implementation phases - will consume less time and reduce costs, the best time to measure the evaluable behavior of the system is when its software architecture is provided. One of the ways to evaluate the architecture of software is creation of an executable model of architecture.
The present research used availability assessment and took repair, maintenance and accident time parameters into consideration. Failures of software and hardware components have been considered in the architecture of software systems. To describe the architecture easily, the authors used Unified Modeling Language (UML). However, due to the informality of UML, they utilized Colored Petri Nets (CPN) for assessment too. Eventually, the researchers evaluated a CPN-based executable model of architecture through CPN-Tools.
ITERATIVE AND INCREMENTAL DEVELOPMENT ANALYSIS STUDY OF VOCATIONAL CAREER INF...ijseajournal
Software development process presents various types of models with their corresponding phases required to be accordingly followed in delivery of quality products and projects. Despite the various expertise and skills of systems analysts, designers, and programmers, systems failure is inevitable when a suitable development process model is not followed. This paper focuses on the Iterative and Incremental Development (IID)model and justified its role in the analysis and design software systems. The paper adopted the qualitative research approach that justified and harnessed the relevance of IID in the context of systems analysis and design using the Vocational
Career Information System (VCIS) as a case study. The paper viewed the IID as a change-driven software development process model. The results showed some system specification, functional specification of system and design specifications that can be used in implementing the VCIS using the IID model. Thus, the paper concluded that in systems analysis and design, it is imperative to consider a suitable development process that reflects the engineering mind-set, with heavy emphasis on good analysis and design for quality assurance.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE STYLESijfcstjournal
Software architecture is the structural solution that achieves the overall technical and operational requirements for software developments. Software engineers applied software architectures for their software system developments; however, they worry the basic benchmarks in order to select software architecture styles, possible components, integration methods (connectors) and the exact application of each style. The objective of this research work was a comparative analysis of software architecture styles by its weakness and benefits in order to select by the programmer during their design time. Finally, in this study, the researcher has been identified architectural styles, weakness, and Strength and application areas with its component, connector and Interface for the selected architectural styles.
In this report I will compare two different information system methodologies. I would talk about SSADM (Structure System Analysis and Design Methodologies) and XP (Extreme Programing).
IMPLEMENTATION OF DYNAMIC COUPLING MEASUREMENT OF DISTRIBUTED OBJECT ORIENTED...IJCSEA Journal
Software metrics are increasingly playing a central role in the planning and control of software development projects. Coupling measures have important applications in software development and maintenance. Existing literature on software metrics is mainly focused on centralized systems, while work in the area of distributed systems, particularly in service-oriented systems, is scarce. Distributed systems with service oriented components are even more heterogeneous networking and execution environment. Traditional coupling measures take into account only “static” couplings. They do not account for “dynamic” couplings due to polymorphism and may significantly underestimate the complexity of software and misjudge the need for code inspection, testing and debugging. This is expected to result in poor predictive accuracy of the quality models in distributed Object Oriented systems that utilize static coupling measurements. In order to overcome these issues, we propose a hybrid model in Distributed Object Oriented Software for measure the coupling dynamically. In the proposed method, there are three steps
such as Instrumentation process, Post processing and Coupling measurement. Initially the instrumentation process is done. In this process the instrumented JVM that has been modified to trace method calls. During this process, three trace files are created namely .prf, .clp, .svp. In the second step, the information in these file are merged. At the end of this step, the merged detailed trace of each JVM contains pointers to the merged trace files of the other JVM such that the path of every remote call from the client to the server can be uniquely identified. Finally, the coupling metrics are measured dynamically. The implementation results show that the proposed system will effectively measure the coupling metrics dynamically.
JELINSKI-MORANDA SOFTWARE RELIABILITY GROWTH MODEL: A BRIEF LITERATURE AND MO...ijseajournal
Analyzing the reliability of a software can be done at various phases during the development of
engineering software. Software reliability growth models (SRGMs) assess, predict, and controlthe software
reliability based on data obtained from testing phase.This paper gives a literaturereview of the first and
wellknownJelinski and Moranda(J-M) (1972)SRGM.Also a modification to Jelinski and Morandamodel is
given, Jelinski and Moranda and Schick and Wolverton (S-W) (1978)SRGMsare two special cases of our
new suggested general SRGM. Our proposed general SRGMalong with our Survey will open doors for
much more useful researches to be done in the field of reliability modeling.
Reduced Software Complexity for E-Government Applications with ZEF FrameworkTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The situation of dynamic change is unpredictable and always growth increasingly. It also can
happen anytime and anywhere. The one kind which is always changing is the government policy.This
condition is suggested take the impact for software for information system. It will cause replacement,
modification, and enhancement of software for information system. There is some commonality and
variability of software features in Indonesian Government. Hence, to manage it, we present enhancement
of Zuma’s E-Government Framework (ZEF) for reduce software complexity.We enhance ZEF Framework
using SPLE and GORE approach in order to improve traditional software development.It can reduce, if
the changing continuously happen.The measurement of software complexity relate to functionality of
system.It can describe with function point, because function point can describe logical software
complexity also. The preliminary result of this study can reduce efficiency of software complexity such as
information processing size, technical complexity adjustment factors and function points in e-government
applications.
INCREASING THE ARCHITECTURES DESIGN QUALITY FOR MAS: AN APPROACH TO MINIMIZE ...cscpconf
The efficiency of multi agent system design mainly relies on the quality of a conceptual architecture of such systems. Hence, quality issues should be considered at an early stage in the software development process. Large systems such as multi agents systems (MAS) require many communications and interactions to fulfil their tasks, and this leads to complexity of architecture design (AD) which have crucial influence on architecture design quality. This work attempts to introduce approach to increase the architecture design quality of MAS by minimizing the effect of complexity.
ADAPTIVE CONFIGURATION META-MODEL OF A GUIDANCE PROCESSijcsit
The current technology tend leads us to recognize the need for adaptive guidance process for all process of
software development. The new needs generated by the mobility context for software development led these
guidance processes to be adapted. In order to improve the performance of the deployed software
development, it is useful to manage the configuration of its evolving aspects. This paper deals with the
configuration management of guidance process or its ability to be adapted to specific development
contexts. The proposed adaptive configuration Meta-model is worked out on the basis of a Y description
for adaptive guidance process. This description focuses on three dimensions defined by the
material/software platform, the adaptation form and provided guidance service. Each dimension considers
several factors to develop a coherent configuration strategy and provide automatically the appropriate
guidance process to a current development context.
THE UNIFIED APPROACH FOR ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTijseajournal
The present business network infrastructure is quickly varying with latest servers, services, connections,
and ports added often, at times day by day, and with a uncontrollably inflow of laptops, storage media and
wireless networks. With the increasing amount of vulnerabilities and exploits coupled with the recurrent
evolution of IT infrastructure, organizations at present require more numerous vulnerability assessments.
In this paper new approach the Unified process for Network vulnerability Assessments hereafter called as
a unified NVA is proposed for network vulnerability assessment derived from Unified Software
Development Process or Unified Process, it is a popular iterative and incremental software development
process framework.
A Natural Language Requirements Engineering Approach for MDAIJCSEA Journal
A software system for any information system can be developed following a model driven paradigm, in particular MDA (Model Driven Architecture). In this way, models that represent the organizational work are used to produce models that represent the information system. Current software development methods are starting to provide guidelines for the construction of conceptual models, taking as input requirements models. In MDA the CIM (Computation Independent Model) can be used to define the business process model. Though a complete automatic construction of the CIM is not possible, we have proposed in other papers the integration of some natural language requirements models and we have defined a strategy to derive a CIM from these models. In this paper, we present an improved version of our ATL transformation that implements a strategy to obtain a UML class diagram representing a preliminary CIM from requirements models allowing traceability between the source and the target models
A natural language requirements engineering approach for mdaIJCSEA Journal
A software system for any information system can be developed following a model driven paradigm, in particular MDA (Model Driven Architecture). In this way, models that represent the organizational work are used to produce models that represent the information system. Current software development methods are starting to provide guidelines for the construction of conceptual models, taking as input requirements models. In MDA the CIM (Computation Independent Model) can be used to define the business process model. Though a complete automatic construction of the CIM is not possible, we have proposed in other papers the integration of some natural language requirements models and we have defined a strategy to
derive a CIM from these models. In this paper, we present an improved version of our ATL transformation
that implements a strategy to obtain a UML class diagram representing a preliminary CIM from requirements models allowing traceability between the source and the target models.
IMPROVING DIALOGUE MANAGEMENT THROUGH DATA OPTIMIZATIONkevig
In task-oriented dialogue systems, the ability for users to effortlessly communicate with machines and
computers through natural language stands as a critical advancement. Central to these systems is the
dialogue manager, a pivotal component tasked with navigating the conversation to effectively meet user
goals by selecting the most appropriate response. Traditionally, the development of sophisticated dialogue
management has embraced a variety of methodologies, including rule-based systems, reinforcement
learning, and supervised learning, all aimed at optimizing response selection in light of user inputs. This
research casts a spotlight on the pivotal role of data quality in enhancing the performance of dialogue
managers. Through a detailed examination of prevalent errors within acclaimed datasets, such as
Multiwoz 2.1 and SGD, we introduce an innovative synthetic dialogue generator designed to control the
introduction of errors precisely. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the critical impact of dataset
imperfections, especially mislabeling, on the challenges inherent in refining dialogue management
processes.
Improving Dialogue Management Through Data Optimizationkevig
In task-oriented dialogue systems, the ability for users to effortlessly communicate with machines and computers through natural language stands as a critical advancement. Central to these systems is the dialogue manager, a pivotal component tasked with navigating the conversation to effectively meet user goals by selecting the most appropriate response. Traditionally, the development of sophisticated dialogue management has embraced a variety of methodologies, including rule-based systems, reinforcement learning, and supervised learning, all aimed at optimizing response selection in light of user inputs. This research casts a spotlight on the pivotal role of data quality in enhancing the performance of dialogue managers. Through a detailed examination of prevalent errors within acclaimed datasets, such as Multiwoz 2.1 and SGD, we introduce an innovative synthetic dialogue generator designed to control the introduction of errors precisely. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the critical impact of dataset imperfections, especially mislabeling, on the challenges inherent in refining dialogue management processes.
AGILE SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE INGLOBAL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT:SYSTEMA...ijseajournal
In recent years, software development companies started to adopt Global Software Development (GSD) to
explore the benefits of this approach, mainly cost reduction. However, the GSD environment also brings
more complexity and challenges. Some challenges are related to communication aspects like cultural differences, time zone, and language. This paper is the first step in an extensive study to understand if the
software architecture can ease communication in GSD environments. We conducted a Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) to catalog relevant studies about software architecture and GSD teams and identify
potential practices for use in the software industry. This paper’s findings contribute to the GSD body of
knowledge by exploring the impact of software architecture strategy on the GSD environment. It presents
hypotheses regarding the relationship between software architecture and GSD challenges, which will guide
future research.
Analysis and Design of Information Systems Financial Reports with Object Orie...ijceronline
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are a group effort proved resistant to a wide range of economic crisis shocks. But in the operation of their business financial management is still not transparent and are also still mixed between business finance and personal finance. So that needs to be done with good financial management. In this research, analysis and information system design financial reports as a basis for the development of the system. Software development life cycle (SDLC) using the model of the object oriented approach. With object-oriented approach, the tools used by the notation Unified Modelling Language (UML). In object-oriented approach all systems applications are Viewed as a collection of objects that allow organisasi interloking and end users to Easily understand logical entities. Object-oriented approach Provides the benefits of the reuse of codes and saves the time for developing quality product.
In this report I will compare two different information system methodologies. I would talk about SSADM (Structure System Analysis and Design Methodologies) and XP (Extreme Programing).
IMPLEMENTATION OF DYNAMIC COUPLING MEASUREMENT OF DISTRIBUTED OBJECT ORIENTED...IJCSEA Journal
Software metrics are increasingly playing a central role in the planning and control of software development projects. Coupling measures have important applications in software development and maintenance. Existing literature on software metrics is mainly focused on centralized systems, while work in the area of distributed systems, particularly in service-oriented systems, is scarce. Distributed systems with service oriented components are even more heterogeneous networking and execution environment. Traditional coupling measures take into account only “static” couplings. They do not account for “dynamic” couplings due to polymorphism and may significantly underestimate the complexity of software and misjudge the need for code inspection, testing and debugging. This is expected to result in poor predictive accuracy of the quality models in distributed Object Oriented systems that utilize static coupling measurements. In order to overcome these issues, we propose a hybrid model in Distributed Object Oriented Software for measure the coupling dynamically. In the proposed method, there are three steps
such as Instrumentation process, Post processing and Coupling measurement. Initially the instrumentation process is done. In this process the instrumented JVM that has been modified to trace method calls. During this process, three trace files are created namely .prf, .clp, .svp. In the second step, the information in these file are merged. At the end of this step, the merged detailed trace of each JVM contains pointers to the merged trace files of the other JVM such that the path of every remote call from the client to the server can be uniquely identified. Finally, the coupling metrics are measured dynamically. The implementation results show that the proposed system will effectively measure the coupling metrics dynamically.
JELINSKI-MORANDA SOFTWARE RELIABILITY GROWTH MODEL: A BRIEF LITERATURE AND MO...ijseajournal
Analyzing the reliability of a software can be done at various phases during the development of
engineering software. Software reliability growth models (SRGMs) assess, predict, and controlthe software
reliability based on data obtained from testing phase.This paper gives a literaturereview of the first and
wellknownJelinski and Moranda(J-M) (1972)SRGM.Also a modification to Jelinski and Morandamodel is
given, Jelinski and Moranda and Schick and Wolverton (S-W) (1978)SRGMsare two special cases of our
new suggested general SRGM. Our proposed general SRGMalong with our Survey will open doors for
much more useful researches to be done in the field of reliability modeling.
Reduced Software Complexity for E-Government Applications with ZEF FrameworkTELKOMNIKA JOURNAL
The situation of dynamic change is unpredictable and always growth increasingly. It also can
happen anytime and anywhere. The one kind which is always changing is the government policy.This
condition is suggested take the impact for software for information system. It will cause replacement,
modification, and enhancement of software for information system. There is some commonality and
variability of software features in Indonesian Government. Hence, to manage it, we present enhancement
of Zuma’s E-Government Framework (ZEF) for reduce software complexity.We enhance ZEF Framework
using SPLE and GORE approach in order to improve traditional software development.It can reduce, if
the changing continuously happen.The measurement of software complexity relate to functionality of
system.It can describe with function point, because function point can describe logical software
complexity also. The preliminary result of this study can reduce efficiency of software complexity such as
information processing size, technical complexity adjustment factors and function points in e-government
applications.
INCREASING THE ARCHITECTURES DESIGN QUALITY FOR MAS: AN APPROACH TO MINIMIZE ...cscpconf
The efficiency of multi agent system design mainly relies on the quality of a conceptual architecture of such systems. Hence, quality issues should be considered at an early stage in the software development process. Large systems such as multi agents systems (MAS) require many communications and interactions to fulfil their tasks, and this leads to complexity of architecture design (AD) which have crucial influence on architecture design quality. This work attempts to introduce approach to increase the architecture design quality of MAS by minimizing the effect of complexity.
ADAPTIVE CONFIGURATION META-MODEL OF A GUIDANCE PROCESSijcsit
The current technology tend leads us to recognize the need for adaptive guidance process for all process of
software development. The new needs generated by the mobility context for software development led these
guidance processes to be adapted. In order to improve the performance of the deployed software
development, it is useful to manage the configuration of its evolving aspects. This paper deals with the
configuration management of guidance process or its ability to be adapted to specific development
contexts. The proposed adaptive configuration Meta-model is worked out on the basis of a Y description
for adaptive guidance process. This description focuses on three dimensions defined by the
material/software platform, the adaptation form and provided guidance service. Each dimension considers
several factors to develop a coherent configuration strategy and provide automatically the appropriate
guidance process to a current development context.
THE UNIFIED APPROACH FOR ORGANIZATIONAL NETWORK VULNERABILITY ASSESSMENTijseajournal
The present business network infrastructure is quickly varying with latest servers, services, connections,
and ports added often, at times day by day, and with a uncontrollably inflow of laptops, storage media and
wireless networks. With the increasing amount of vulnerabilities and exploits coupled with the recurrent
evolution of IT infrastructure, organizations at present require more numerous vulnerability assessments.
In this paper new approach the Unified process for Network vulnerability Assessments hereafter called as
a unified NVA is proposed for network vulnerability assessment derived from Unified Software
Development Process or Unified Process, it is a popular iterative and incremental software development
process framework.
A Natural Language Requirements Engineering Approach for MDAIJCSEA Journal
A software system for any information system can be developed following a model driven paradigm, in particular MDA (Model Driven Architecture). In this way, models that represent the organizational work are used to produce models that represent the information system. Current software development methods are starting to provide guidelines for the construction of conceptual models, taking as input requirements models. In MDA the CIM (Computation Independent Model) can be used to define the business process model. Though a complete automatic construction of the CIM is not possible, we have proposed in other papers the integration of some natural language requirements models and we have defined a strategy to derive a CIM from these models. In this paper, we present an improved version of our ATL transformation that implements a strategy to obtain a UML class diagram representing a preliminary CIM from requirements models allowing traceability between the source and the target models
A natural language requirements engineering approach for mdaIJCSEA Journal
A software system for any information system can be developed following a model driven paradigm, in particular MDA (Model Driven Architecture). In this way, models that represent the organizational work are used to produce models that represent the information system. Current software development methods are starting to provide guidelines for the construction of conceptual models, taking as input requirements models. In MDA the CIM (Computation Independent Model) can be used to define the business process model. Though a complete automatic construction of the CIM is not possible, we have proposed in other papers the integration of some natural language requirements models and we have defined a strategy to
derive a CIM from these models. In this paper, we present an improved version of our ATL transformation
that implements a strategy to obtain a UML class diagram representing a preliminary CIM from requirements models allowing traceability between the source and the target models.
IMPROVING DIALOGUE MANAGEMENT THROUGH DATA OPTIMIZATIONkevig
In task-oriented dialogue systems, the ability for users to effortlessly communicate with machines and
computers through natural language stands as a critical advancement. Central to these systems is the
dialogue manager, a pivotal component tasked with navigating the conversation to effectively meet user
goals by selecting the most appropriate response. Traditionally, the development of sophisticated dialogue
management has embraced a variety of methodologies, including rule-based systems, reinforcement
learning, and supervised learning, all aimed at optimizing response selection in light of user inputs. This
research casts a spotlight on the pivotal role of data quality in enhancing the performance of dialogue
managers. Through a detailed examination of prevalent errors within acclaimed datasets, such as
Multiwoz 2.1 and SGD, we introduce an innovative synthetic dialogue generator designed to control the
introduction of errors precisely. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the critical impact of dataset
imperfections, especially mislabeling, on the challenges inherent in refining dialogue management
processes.
Improving Dialogue Management Through Data Optimizationkevig
In task-oriented dialogue systems, the ability for users to effortlessly communicate with machines and computers through natural language stands as a critical advancement. Central to these systems is the dialogue manager, a pivotal component tasked with navigating the conversation to effectively meet user goals by selecting the most appropriate response. Traditionally, the development of sophisticated dialogue management has embraced a variety of methodologies, including rule-based systems, reinforcement learning, and supervised learning, all aimed at optimizing response selection in light of user inputs. This research casts a spotlight on the pivotal role of data quality in enhancing the performance of dialogue managers. Through a detailed examination of prevalent errors within acclaimed datasets, such as Multiwoz 2.1 and SGD, we introduce an innovative synthetic dialogue generator designed to control the introduction of errors precisely. Our comprehensive analysis underscores the critical impact of dataset imperfections, especially mislabeling, on the challenges inherent in refining dialogue management processes.
AGILE SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE INGLOBAL SOFTWARE DEVELOPMENT ENVIRONMENT:SYSTEMA...ijseajournal
In recent years, software development companies started to adopt Global Software Development (GSD) to
explore the benefits of this approach, mainly cost reduction. However, the GSD environment also brings
more complexity and challenges. Some challenges are related to communication aspects like cultural differences, time zone, and language. This paper is the first step in an extensive study to understand if the
software architecture can ease communication in GSD environments. We conducted a Systematic Literature Mapping (SLM) to catalog relevant studies about software architecture and GSD teams and identify
potential practices for use in the software industry. This paper’s findings contribute to the GSD body of
knowledge by exploring the impact of software architecture strategy on the GSD environment. It presents
hypotheses regarding the relationship between software architecture and GSD challenges, which will guide
future research.
Analysis and Design of Information Systems Financial Reports with Object Orie...ijceronline
Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are a group effort proved resistant to a wide range of economic crisis shocks. But in the operation of their business financial management is still not transparent and are also still mixed between business finance and personal finance. So that needs to be done with good financial management. In this research, analysis and information system design financial reports as a basis for the development of the system. Software development life cycle (SDLC) using the model of the object oriented approach. With object-oriented approach, the tools used by the notation Unified Modelling Language (UML). In object-oriented approach all systems applications are Viewed as a collection of objects that allow organisasi interloking and end users to Easily understand logical entities. Object-oriented approach Provides the benefits of the reuse of codes and saves the time for developing quality product.
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER)ijceronline
International Journal of Computational Engineering Research(IJCER) is an intentional online Journal in English monthly publishing journal. This Journal publish original research work that contributes significantly to further the scientific knowledge in engineering and Technology.
A Documented Approach in Agile Software DevelopmentWaqas Tariq
Software engineers have been striving for years to improve the practice of software development and maintenance. Presently the agile approach is quickly becoming main stream in the software industry with core set of beliefs and practices called Manifesto for Agile Software Development. However, agile methods have shaken the view, arguing that more emphasis should be given on software development rather than extensive documentation. It has been observed through literature that good documentation plays a very important role in software development. It helps in increasing development speed, helping in communication and maintaining relationship among developers and other stakeholders. In this paper, a conceptual view of documentation is proposed and a technical writer is introduced along with other scrum roles. Also, the paper presents the relationship of documentation and technical writer by which we can enhance the productivity and maintainability of software.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE STYLESijfcstjournal
Software architecture is the structural solution that achieves the overall technical and operational
requirements for software developments. Software engineers applied software architectures for their
software system developments; however, they worry the basic benchmarks in order to select software
architecture styles, possible components, integration methods (connectors) and the exact application of
each style.
The objective of this research work was a comparative analysis of software architecture styles by its
weakness and benefits in order to select by the programmer during their design time. Finally, in this study,
the researcher has been identified architectural styles, weakness, and Strength and application areas with
its component, connector and Interface for the selected architectural styles.
A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON SOFTWARE ARCHITECTURE STYLESADEIJ Journal
Software architecture is the structural solution that achieves the overall technical and operational
requirements for software developments. Software engineers applied software architectures for their
software system developments; however, they worry the basic benchmarks in order to select software
architecture styles, possible components, integration methods (connectors) and the exact application of
each style.
The objective of this research work was a comparative analysis of software architecture styles by its
weakness and benefits in order to select by the programmer during their design time. Finally, in this study,
the researcher has been identified architectural styles, weakness, and Strength and application areas with
its component, connector and Interface for the selected architectural styles.
Integrated Analysis of Traditional Requirements Engineering Process with Agil...zillesubhan
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MODELS OF IT-PROJECT MANAGEMENT
1. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
DOI: 10.5121/ijcsit.2018.10506 60
MODELS OF IT-PROJECT MANAGEMENT
Julia Doronina and Ekaterina Doronina
Department of Information Systems, Sevastopol State University, Sevastopol, Russian
Federation
ABSTRACT
Information system project management (IT - project) is a complex iterative process. An important role for
the development of complex IT projects plays records of the development lifecycle (LC). The article
presents an analysis of the effectiveness of the work on the creation of IT - projects based on two modified
models of the life cycle: cascade and spiral. Analysis of the effectiveness of the management of the IT
project was implemented on the basis of simulation. The modeling was carried out on the basis of Any Ljgic
tools on the example of development of geoinformation system (GIS). It is shown that it is advisable to
design GIS on the basis of a modified spiral LC with splitting of the flow of requirements at the input. The
peculiarity of the proposed study is to take into account the requirements in the form of communicative
interactions of different types. Under the communicative interactions are understood all the interactions
between the subjects of the process of creating an IT-project: verbal and non - verbal, carried out on the
basis of CASE-means.
Keywords
Information System (IS), Geographic Information System (Gis), Organizational Management,
Communication Processes, Modeling, IT – Project Management.
1. INTRODUCTION
Requirements for information and geoinformation systems (IS and GIS) as the implementation of
the IT - project are growing, as the areas of application of these systems are becoming more
complex. In the implementation of the IT-project plays an important role in the development of
approaches to assessing the effectiveness of these systems. The complexity of the systems
contributes to the complexity of the processes of design, modeling, design and other works on
their creation. Each type of activity is accompanied by communicative processes, expressed in the
exchange of information, both verbal and software (interface) levels. Features of the processes of
design, construction and maintenance of IT-project are:
1. multilanguage design and construction of IS (many languages of modeling, programming,
design, including natural languages in which subjects communicate, for example, in the
development of technical specifications);
2. multilanguage interaction of subjects of the process (including different levels of
specialization of subjects);
3. the complexity of the process of system integration (including due to the many platforms
for the implementation of individual subsystems of the IT - project).
The problem of multilingual and multi-communicative information exchange is solved by the
subjects using a multi-model approach integrating different levels of their interaction [1].
2. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
61
2. OVERVIEW OF IT - PROJECT MANAGEMENT APPROACHES
Project management can be implemented based on various existing techniques. Scrum is an
approach to project development that does not require filling out a multi-page technical
specification, as in the standard model. For the first time a new approach to the development of
the project was described by Ikujiro Nonaka and Hirotaka Takeuchi in their joint article The New
Product Development Game, published in the Harvard business Review in the winter of 1986. In
the early 1990s, Ken Schwaber and Jeff Sutherland described, documented and successfully
applied the new approach in detail. [2] The technique is called – Scrum. Scrum is a methodology
for managing the development of information systems, which places a strong emphasis on the
quality control of the development process. In addition to managing software development
projects, the methodology is used by software support teams, as well as an approach to managing
software development and maintenance.
There are 3 basic roles in classic Scrum:
• Product owner (PO) – is a link between the development team and the customer. The
goal of PO is to maximize the value of the product being developed and the work of
the team. One of the main tools of PO is Product Backlog. The Product Backlog
contains the necessary work tasks (such as Story, Bug, Task, etc.), sorted in order of
priority (urgency);
• Scrum master (SM) is a servant-leader. The goal of Scrum Master is to help the team
maximize its effectiveness by removing obstacles, helping, training and motivating the
team, helping PO;
• Development team (DT) comprised of professionals engaged in direct work-product.
Another well – known method of IT project management is DSDM (Dynamic Systems
Development Method) [3]. The process begins with a study of the feasibility of the programme
and its application. The process is further divided into three interrelated cycles: the functional
model cycle is responsible for creating analytical documentation and prototypes, the design and
construction cycle is responsible for bringing the system into working condition, and finally, the
last cycle – the implementation cycle – ensures the deployment of the software system. The basic
principles on which DSDM is based are active interaction with users, frequent releases of
versions, independence of developers in decision-making and testing during the whole cycle of
work.
The methodology (briefly referred to as FDD) was developed by Jeff De Luca and Peter Coad.
Like other adaptive methodologies, it is implemented in short iterations, each of which is used to
develop a certain part of the system functionality. According to FDD, one iteration lasts two
weeks. FDD has five processes: the development of a General model, the compilation of a list of
required properties of the system, the planning of work on each property, the design of each
property, the construction of each property [4].
The method of Kanban software development was invented by David Anderson. Many of these
practices and approaches were used by different Agile teams before being described by David as
a whole. Kanban " Kan "- visible, visual; " ban " - card or Board), a Japanese term known for
Toyota's production system, the basic principles of which are: lean manufacturing, continuous
development, customer orientation, etc. [5,6]
Thus, the existing approaches to project management are implemented in the majority of planning
based on the graphic capabilities of the software.
3. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
62
But when implementing an IT- project, it is necessary to take into account the dynamic
requirements arising in the design process. In connection with the presence of these problems in
large corporations adopt common languages of communication in the framework of platform
design [7,9]. Communication problems are reflected in the information exchange, which leads to
the problem of design in General [9]. Due to the fact that excessive communication processes
increase the cost and reduce the speed of implementation, and an insufficient level of information
interaction can lead to a decrease in the quality of development, research aimed at creating a
method of evaluation of the IT project based on the analysis of communication processes in order
to improve the efficiency of design and operation of these systems are relevant.
2.1. THE DEFINITION OF THE COMMUNICATION PROCESS WHEN DESIGNING A SYSTEM
Communication many associated with the subjects of the creation of IS is defined as the basic
(integrated) many of the languages of communication: },,{ SPT LLLL = , where TL – the language
of technology; PL –the language designers; SL – the language specialists. It is assumed that these
are generalized sets of languages. Knowledge of natural language is a priori established. Many
stages of IP creation, or communication objects in a simplified form: },,{ SPT EEEE = , where
PE -the design stage; TE – the stage of technology creation; SE – the stage of work of narrow
specialists in the formation of technical specifications (TS) for the product or system. Many are
mapped to L and E (without taking into account the sequence of the interaction) as a set of actors
(in many languages) and many objects of communication.
There are a number of contradictions in the analysis of this correspondence:
1. between the requirement to" transparency" of interaction, i.e. knowledge of all
languages by all subjects of communicative process at creation of is and optimization
of organizational management of these processes on the basis of minimization of
interactions;
2. between clear formulations of TS and fuzzy ways of forming decisions on the
implementation of TS, as a reaction to the subject uncertainty expressed by
communicative redundancy.
Thus, there is a problem of uncertainty of communicative communications and its elimination is
required. In addition, based on the definition of the criterion of the effectiveness of individual
communication, it is possible to determine the effectiveness of the process of interaction of
subjects in the creation of IP in General. Such criteria may be the cost and flexibility of the
organizational management process.
It is proposed to identify the basic (reference) communication between the languages and stages
of the project SSPPTT ELELEL →→→ ,, and put it in line with the process of the product life
cycle (system), that is, to organize the stages of the LC of a particular product (Product Lifecycle
Management). In fact, it means defining the basic communication process of a particular IS:
IiKi
,1, = . Based on this, it is possible to obtain a description of the communicative process
characteristic of the stage-by-stage construction of the i- th IS based on a simple cascade model.
The process of creating the IC is represented as a mapping of the design input data to the output
result, taking into account the multi-version model:
4. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
63
,))(()()( U
χ∀
χ=→ tZtYtX (1)
where )(tX – the initial process associated with the definition of the initial data for the design,
)(tY – the resulting process that determines the design of the system, )(tZχ – some version of the
IS, based on a certain communicative process, V,1∈χ – the version number arising from the
implementation of the new requirements in the new communicative process, V – the total number
of possible versions.
Multi-versioning makes it possible to take into account the formation of a plurality of mappings
(or intermediate projects), which will create a so-called design field, which implements the
communicative processes of different levels.
The cost of IS taking into account (1) is determined as follows
] JjZZZ j
K
k
Ya
k
k
k
k
,1,)(|)(min)(min)( 0
11
=
ξ≤ξσ=σ→σ ∑∑
=χ=χ
χ
χ
χ χ
((
, (2)
where )( χσ Z – cost χ -version of the system, kσ – cost version of the system in the framework
of the k-th communication, jξ
(
– current limit χ -version (control parameters) of the system
(language of communication),
0
ξ
(
– specified limit on the version (control parameters), Jj ,1= –
a finite number of constraints on the parameters of the current version of the system, Ya – a
possible finite number of languages of communication in the design of this IS.
To build models, the concept of conditional communication (CC) is Introduced, which is a
separate interaction of the conditional customer with the conditional Creator of the system within
the current communication. Conditional customer (CCust) in the General case are: the head of the
organization of the customer, technician, engineer, etc. is likewise defined by a Union Creator
(UC), as the group of entities that implement the development of IS. That is, communications are
no longer considered as a separate local interaction, but as the interaction of a subset of bonds
with a subset of bonds, which will allow on the one hand to consolidate and standardize, as far as
possible, communications, and on the other hand, to clarify and detail the description of
interactions.
Example conditional communication:
1.A preliminary agreement on the creation of information systems
2.Preparation of the agreement of intent
3.Cooperation in the preparation of technical specifications
4.Discussion on the technical specifications
5.Start of work on the clarification of points of technical specifications
6.Approval of the subsection technical specifications
7.Clarification of the degree of adaptability systems to change methods managements
8.Definition of requirements for methods of reliability assessment.
9.Discussion of additional requirements
10. Harmonization of requirements for information support system
5. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
64
The content of conditional communication given as an example can be specified for each specific
project.
2.2. PURPOSE AND OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY
The aim of the study is to simulate the process of IT- project management by creating an
information technology analysis of communication processes based on the organizational
management system.
To achieve this goal, the following main tasks are formulated and solved:
- to offer a formalized description of communication processes for unification of
information interactions of it project subjects with regard to their possible aggregation;
- for functional modeling of the information interaction of the subjects based on the
analysis of business processes that reflect the communication links in the implementation
of an it project;
- implementation of models and methods, conduct modeling and analysis of the results,
reflecting the approaches to assessing the effectiveness of communication processes in
the implementation of the IT- project.
2.3. IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IT PROJECT MANAGEMENT PROCESS MODEL
To model the management process of an it project on input and output data streams. The output
flow can be understood as the flow of solved tasks that make up the information system. The
input stream that represents the technical specification can include additional requirements or
adjustments to them in accordance with the product Lifecycle Management (PLM) phases of a
particular system [19].
The concept of conditional communication is introduced, which is a separate interaction of the
conditional customer with the conditional Creator of the system within this communication. The
conditional customer in General include: the head of the customer organization, technical worker,
design engineer, i.e. a group of persons associated with the formation of the order for IS.
Similarly, a conditional Creator is defined as a group of entities that implement IS development.
That is, communications are no longer considered as a separate local interaction, but as the
interaction of a subset of the conditional customer with a subset of the conditional Creator, which
will allow on the one hand to enlarge and standardize, as far as possible, communications, and on
the other hand, to clarify and detail the description of interactions. In the author's study, the
formalization of communication in the creation of IS in the form of interaction between the
conditional Creator and the conditional customer on the basis of specification of each conditional
communication according to the technical specification.
In the analysis and modeling of organizational management processes it is advisable to fix the
situation when conditional communication has passed all (or main) stages of the life cycle. It is
proposed to apply the term "communication learning" as a complete life cycle communication. In
order for all communications to be processed, it is necessary to complete their passage
(assimilation of communication) at all stages of the life cycle branch.
Figures 1-2 show the results of modeling the stages of the is life cycle using a cascade model in
AnyLogic [17]. The presented view of the model combines some of the qualities of the model
shown in figure 4 (the response of the life cycle stages responsible for narrow specialization to the
6. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
65
basic stages already at the initial iteration). However, the model shown is characterized by a
significantly large number of redundant conditional communications at the input to achieve
output values close to the values in the model in figure 4.
Figure 1. Model reflecting the type of information system life cycle based on the cascade model
Figure 2. Diagram of sequential passing of conditional communications on stages of the life cycle of
information system, based on the cascade model
The feature is shown in figure iteration of the cascade model represent the stages of the life cycle
can be considered a advance stages of the life cycle specialization in relation to the base, which is
interpreted as the interrelated work of the participants of the process of creating a complex
system, that is, at the stage of development of preliminary design solutions on the system is
parallel to the work on the system and its parts.
Figure 3-4 shows the scheme of the life cycle model of complex multi-level IS in AnyLogic [17]
environment, formed on the basis of the scheme of IT- project creation processes. The model
diagram represents several parallel branches of sequentially running operations. In terms of the
environment, AnyLogic " delay "models the delay, the" queue "object models the queue of
customers waiting for service, the" sink " group blocks indicate the end of the model scheme. The
General type of model can be described as a Queuing system that performs maintenance of the
requirements that come into it. The peculiarity of the model is that the splitting of the conditional
communication package occurs in a cascade manner for each parallel line of sequential operations
corresponding to the stages of the modified life cycle and conditional communications. However,
because the spiral view of the life cycle model has been selected, an additional line of operations
is introduced into the model. This requirement is implemented by a special queue14 block. The
7. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
66
"combine" blocks collect split processed solution packages hierarchically across each conditional
communication.
Figure 3. Model reflecting the type of information system life cycle based on of multi-level representation
of stages of IT- project life cycle (spiral life cycle model)
Figure 4. Diagram of sequential passing of conditional communications on stages of the life cycle of
information system, based on the spiral life cycle model
To clarify the results of comparison of the obtained values of the processed problems, it was
decided to choose the main results of the two types of models (based on the spiral life cycle and
cascade life cycle). The results of the comparison are given in table 1. The following features can
be distinguished: the main results of the model built on the basis of the spiral life cycle exceed the
values of the results of the run of the model based on the cascade life cycle, which indicates a
lower efficiency of the latest model. However, the General tendency of accumulation of
conditional communications to the extreme experiment is maintained in both models.
8. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
67
Table 1. Comparison of the main simulation results with the spiral and cascade model of the modified life
cycle.
The next stage of the study was to model the process taking into account the duration of the
stages. Based on the results of the expert survey, time estimates of the duration of each stage of
the IT - project life cycle were set for this purpose. Expert estimates of stage durations can be
replaced by real or unique values in the model settings. The selected interaction of actors in the
course of the description of the conditional communication has been mapped with well-defined
stages of the life cycle of an IT - project. In fact, this means creating a set of compliance between
the conditional customer and the conditional creator, taking into account the standardized stages
of the IT - project life cycle.
The expertise was conducted by three experts in the field of information systems, programming
and creation of large – scale IT projects. The analysis of the expert opinion consistency based on
the concordance coefficient showed a sufficient level of consistency (0.83).
Table 2 presents a comparison of the complexity and cost of the IT- project using a spiral model
of the modified life cycle and a cascade model of the modified life cycle. It should be noted that
the labor intensity values in both cases differ ambiguously, for example, at the stage
corresponding to the block delay8, the values are equal, and at the stage delay3 the labor intensity
value in the case of the cascade model is less.
The cost indicator of the entire project using a spiral life cycle model is 1381conventional units;
the cost indicator of the entire project using a cascade life cycle model is 1874 conventional units.
Model block
name
Iterations of the spiral
life cycle model
Iterations of the
cascade life cycle model
1 2 3 4 5 6
Conventional
communications
on the input
(source)
4 10 11 9 17 24
delay 30 120 150 105 225 330
delay1 48 288 432 288 672 1008
delay2 126 1008 1260 252 630 882
delay3 36 252 324 36 180 252
delay4 7,5 45 60 22,5 60 105
delay5 42 294 420 252 630 966
delay6 48 384 480 240 720 1056
delay7 24 144 216 96 168 240
delay8 120 420 540 60 360 660
Conventional
communications
on the output
(sink)
1 6 8 1 5 7
Conventional
communications
on the output
(sink1)
1 6 9 1 6 10
9. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
68
Analysis of the simulation results associated with obtaining the numerical characteristics of
complex processes that form the life cycle according to the requirements of the regulatory
documentation will allow to make informed decisions based on updated quantitative estimates.
This will make it possible to reduce the cost of IP. Thus, table 2 shows the calculated values of
labor intensity and cost using cascade and spiral models of the modified life cycle. Labor intensity
ratios were taken from [18], based on the experience of Oracle Corporation.
Table 2. Comparison of the complexity and cost of the IT- project project with the use of organizational
management based on a spiral life cycle model and the use of a cascade model of the modified life cycle
Stages
creating an
IT- project
Labor
input
factor
Complexity of the stage
IT- project using a spiral
life cycle model
Complexity of the
stage IT- project using
cascade life cycle
model
delay 0,2 60 132
delay1 0,5 384 984
delay2 0,6 1436,4 1058,4
delay3 0,4 244,8 187,2
delay4 0,1 11,25 18,75
delay5 0,4 302,4 739,2
delay6 0,5 456 1008
delay7 0,3 115,2 151,2
delay8 0,5 540 540
General
indicator
an IT- project
Average
labor
input
ratio
Complexity of the IT -
project using a spiral life
cycle model
Complexity of the IT-
project using cascade
life cycle model
0,39 3550,05 4818,75
It is taken into account that the complexity directly affects the cost and risks of the project. The
complexity of the application of the cascade model of the modified life cycle exceeds the
complexity of the project management with the use of the spiral model of the modified life cycle
at some stages by 2.7 times. The overall project complexity can be expressed in the labor costs
calculated for each of the stages of project creation (in the model are marked as delayi) and lower
by 20% when using the spiral life cycle model.
2.4. ANALYSIS OF SIMULATION RESULTS TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE INPUT OF
ADDITIONAL BLOCKS INTO THE MODEL
Further studies of the proposed models of it project management were carried out taking into
account the introduction of additional blocks.
The model was modified by adding a block, based on the fact that each additional block meant
additional communication. That is, the situation was modeled when in the process of creating the
project there were additional requirements that had to be taken into account quickly. It has
extended the communicative interaction of the subjects of the process.
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69
Table 3 Comparison of the main simulation results with additional blocks
and the basic model
Model block name Model without
additional block
Model with additional
block
cycle 1 cycle 2 cycle 3 cycle 4 cycle 5 cycle
6
A number of conventional
communications on the
entrance, sourse2
4 10 11 6 11 12
delay 30 120 150 30 150 150
delay1 48 288 432 48 384 384
delay2 126 1008 1260 252 1134 1260
delay9 - - - 126 1008 1134
delay3 36 252 324 72 324 324
delay4 7,5 45 60 7,5 60 60
delay5 42 294 420 84 378 420
delay6 48 384 480 96 432 480
delay7 24 144 216 24 192 216
delay8 120 420 540 120 480 540
Number of conditional
communications at the
output, sink
1 6 8 1 6 8
Number of conditional
communications at the
output, sink1
1 6 9 1 6 9
Figure 5 shows the results of the comparison of the main results of the simulation with the
additional units and the base model illustrate the following features: the main results of the basic
model (without additional units) exceed the value of the results of the run of the model with
additional blocks, which speaks more to the low efficiency of the latest model. This is due to the
additional load due to the introduced delay blocks. However, the General tendency of
accumulation of the performed ACS to the extreme experiment remains in both models.
Another General trend of the project is based on the results of modeling is the approximate
equality of incoming to the input of the CC and processed CC at the output of each branch of the
LC, which is noticeable in both models. The model parameters were selected in such a way that
the output retained the same results in order to clarify the differences in the accumulation of
delays in the model with additional blocks at specific stages with the current CC. That is, the
result is the same projects, but the number of communications and delays of these projects are
different, which makes it possible to assess the causes of such developments in the design of IS.
Figure 5. Diagram of the results of the comparison of the main results of the simulation with the
additional units and the base model
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Table 4 presents a comparison of the average and total time spent on each of the stages of the LC
(for 15 conditional communications, which corresponds to the standard set of stages of the LC),
and table 5 shows the calculated values of the project cost indicator using spiral and cascade life
cycle models.
Table 4. Comparison of average and total time taking into account additional units and
the base model with the same parameterswithout using the model
Model without
additional block
Model with
additional block
The simulation results
without the use of models
(the traditional approach)
Average time per
life cycle stage
614,34 802,27 677,50
Total
time for all life
cycle
7986,50 10429,50 6097,50
Table 5. Values of project cost indicators and C different life-cycle models
Indicator of the value of the project with
the IS of the application of the spiral model
life cycle
Indicator of the value of the project IS
with the use of a waterfall model life
cycle
1381 1874
According to the results given in table 5, it can be seen that without modeling, expert estimates
underestimate the possible duration of the RC stages from 30% to 70% in complex cases.
It should be noted that the "complexity" is implemented by the introduction of additional blocks,
which is not a critically difficult situation, but only reflects the real cases of additional
requirements for the project and, accordingly, additional communication processes.
3. CONCLUSIONS
Features of implementation, for example, object-oriented programming are associated with a
spiral model of the software life cycle, although the waterfall model is also acceptable for the
development of an IТ- project [20-21]. The paper [22] considers the method of modeling system
dynamics, which corresponds to the General orientation of the presented work. In contrast to [22],
the article proposes a complex model and studies the impact of the life cycle model on the
management of system dynamics, taking into account the communicative processes.The
constructed models, on which experiments are carried out, can be used to optimize the process of
it project management. Testing of models showed their validity, and the solution of a specific
problem taking into account the aggregated communication allowed to receive recommendations
at creation of the plan of organizational management of the is project. The use of the proposed
method will allow to calculate in advance the resource-intensive stages of the life cycle in the
creation of IT- project, thereby improving the performance of the system. Thus, using expert
assessments (only on the basis of experts ' experience), it is possible to underestimate the likely
time load of the project up to 70%. The cost of the entire project using a spiral life cycle model is
1.4 times lower than using a cascade model. Thus, the simulation has shown a more effective
12. International Journal of Computer Science & Information Technology (IJCSIT) Vol 10, No 5, October 2018
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applicability of the modified spiral model in the management of the it-project of complex is,
taking into account the specialization of its subsystems.
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Authors
Julia Doronina received the degree of Ph.D in Computer Science in 2014. Currently he is a Professor of
Sevastopol state University (at the Department of information systems). Research interests include
systems analysis, structural synthesis of complex systems and reengineering of information systems.
Ekaterina Doronina received a diploma at the Department of information systems at Sevastopol state
University. He is currently working on modeling the processes of organizational management of IT -
projects.