The document discusses modal verbs used to express degrees of certainty or possibility in statements about the present and past. In the present, must, can't, may/might/could, and should are used to indicate levels of certainty or possibility. In the past, must have, can't have, should have/ought to have, could have, and may have/might have are used to make deductions or express uncertainty about past events or situations. Examples are provided for each modal verb. The document also provides practice rewriting sentences using different modal verbs.
English: modal auxiliary verbs (theory and examples)home
A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation.[1] Examples include the English verbs can/could, may/might, must, will/would, and shall/should.
In English and other Germanic languages, modal verbs are often distinguished as a class based on certain grammatical properties.
For more detail about modals in English, see English modal verbs.
Can
Could
May
Might
Will
Would
Shall (maily in British English)
Should
Must
Ought
when to use modal verbs
for what are they used for
Free English Lesson
https://curious.com/jsaenz/simple-past-statements-with-be/in/intermediate-english-for-esl-students?ref=Q86D15FCP30
Hi , My name is Joe, I'm a native English teacher from the United States. Nowadays English is an enabling tool that will help you compete globally. If you would like to become fluent in this language; I can help you reach your language goals via private one on one English lessons on the internet.
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For intermediate EFL students. Practice modal verbs of possibility and cerainty - may, might, could, must, can't be.
Look at the pictures and make sentences
English: modal auxiliary verbs (theory and examples)home
A modal verb (also modal, modal auxiliary verb, modal auxiliary) is a type of auxiliary verb that is used to indicate modality – that is, likelihood, ability, permission, and obligation.[1] Examples include the English verbs can/could, may/might, must, will/would, and shall/should.
In English and other Germanic languages, modal verbs are often distinguished as a class based on certain grammatical properties.
For more detail about modals in English, see English modal verbs.
Can
Could
May
Might
Will
Would
Shall (maily in British English)
Should
Must
Ought
when to use modal verbs
for what are they used for
Free English Lesson
https://curious.com/jsaenz/simple-past-statements-with-be/in/intermediate-english-for-esl-students?ref=Q86D15FCP30
Hi , My name is Joe, I'm a native English teacher from the United States. Nowadays English is an enabling tool that will help you compete globally. If you would like to become fluent in this language; I can help you reach your language goals via private one on one English lessons on the internet.
I'm a respected Online English Teacher. I have been teaching English for 10 years and online since 2012
If you are interested in receiving one on one private English lessons with me ( The first class is absolutely free ) : Fill out this form with your information so that I can contact you:
Link To Form: https://docs.google.com/forms/d/1eLr-YQwPV9TAS-WuZIVJZ3ytHsHoOEHOOi2EDnnOK5g/viewform
For intermediate EFL students. Practice modal verbs of possibility and cerainty - may, might, could, must, can't be.
Look at the pictures and make sentences
A brief introduction for Spanish ESL students to modals of ability, advice, necessity and obligation, possibility and certainty and modals plus perfect infinitives.
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This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
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Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
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Modals of deduction_and_speculation (present & past)
1. MODALS OF DEDUCTION & SPECULATION
PRESENT
MUST Almost sure something is true.
She must be rich. She drives a Ferrari and her dog has a diamond
necklace
CAN’T Almost sure something isn’t true.
There’s a knock on the door. It can’t be the postman. It´s Sunday
MAY/MIGHT/COULD Possible that something is true.
I haven’t seen James today. He may/might/could be off sick.
SHOULD Something you expect to happen
If I send the parcel today, it should be delivered on Wednesday.
PAST
MUST HAVE
vs
CAN’T HAVE
1. MUST HAVE: CERTAINTY = POSITIVE DEDUCTION
He left without saying goodbye. He must have been in a hurry.
2. CAN’T HAVE: CERTAINTY = NEGATIVE DEDUCTION:
He can’t have earned so much money. (I’m sure he didn’t)
3. Both can be used with CLEARLY, SURELY or OBVIOUSLY in
exclamations:
Surely you can’t have drunk all of it in one gulp!
Obviously you must have noticed how furious he was!
SHOULD HAVE
&
OUGHT TO HAVE
1. EXPECTATION: should have refers to something which was
supposed to happen.
He should have received my parcel by now
She ought to have bought the lottery ticket
2. CRITICISM OF AN ACTION:
You shouldn’t have drunk so much at the party!.
COULD HAVE
1. POSSIBILITY:
Sharon could have been promoted if she had tried (possibility /
ability).
2. UNCERTAINTY:
It could have been Andrew who phoned me, I suppose.
MAY HAVE
&
MIGHT HAVE
1. UNCERTAINTY:
Now that I think of it, I may have been rather critical.
They might not have received our parcel yet.
2. MIGHT HAVE is used to express ANNOYANCE at someone’s
failure:
You might have told me my trousers were split.
MODAL AUXILIARY VERBS PRACTICE
Rewrite these sentences using the verbs given:
1. It wasn’t very nice of you not to invite us to your wedding. (MIGHT)
You...
2. It wouldn’t have been right to let him do all the cleaning . (COULDN’T)
I...
3. I don’t believe that you have missed the train again. (CAN’T)
2. You...
4. Perhaps they didn’t notice the yoghourt was sour. (MAY)
They...
5. It’s possible that this kind of spider is poisonous. (COULD)
This spider...
6. I’m disappointed you didn’t back me up in the meeting. (MIGHT)
You ...
7. It would have been possible for Emily to give us a lift . (COULD)
Emily ...
KEY:
1. You might have invited us to your wedding
2. I couldn´t let him do all the cleaning
3. You can´t have missed the train again
4. They may not have noticed the yoghourt was sour
5. This spider could be poisonous
6. You might have backed me up in the meeting
7. Emily could have given us a lift
Edited by Öznur Ş. Yalgın
