3. Warming in the climate system
is unequivocal, […]
Human influence on the
climate system is clear.
Limiting climate change will require
substantial and sustained reductions of
greenhouse gas emissions.
9. atmosphere, land, ocean
extreme events
water cycle
global mean sea level
Human influence on the climate
system is clear.
sea ice, glaciers, ice sheets
Cause
Worldwide Effects
13. Emissions Scenarios A1B, A2:
A 1-in-20 year hottest day is likely to become a
1-in-2 year event by the end of the 21st century
in most regions
10 more frequent
Extreme Events
18. Budget for 2°C target: 790 bill t C
CO2 emissions until 2016*: −565 bill t C
CO2 emissions in 2016 *: 9.9 bill t C
Remaining CO2 emissions: 225 bill t C
Limiting climate change will require
substantial and sustained reductions of
greenhouse gas emissions.
*updatedfromIPCC2013,WGISPM
Erwärmung oberste 75m von 1971-2010: 0.11 [0.09 to 0.13] °C per decade
KW (zB Leibstadt): 7 TWh in einem Jahr.
500x current world energy consumption every year or 10 Mill modern nuclear power plant (1 KKW ca. 7 TWh in 1 year)
Ocean warming dominates the increase in energy stored in the climate system, accounting for more than 90% of the energy accumulated between 1971 and 2010 (high confidence).
SPM:
Page 7, lines 1 – 9
Figure SPM 3B
Full report:
3.3.2, page 30-31
Figure 3.7
Adapted by Kharin et al, 2007
SPM:
Page 7, lines 1 – 9
Figure SPM 3B
Full report:
3.3.2, page 30-31
Figure 3.7
Adapted by Kharin et al, 2007
RCP2.6 (2081-2100), likely range: 26 to 55 cm
RCP8.5 (2081-2100), likely range: 45 to 82 cm
AR5: TCR = 1.0 to 2.5 °C (likely range; high confidence); extremely unlikely larger than 3°C
AR5: ECS = 1.5 to 4.5 °C (likely range; high confidence); extremely unlikely less than 1°C (high confidence); very unlikely greater than 6°C (medium confidence)
AR5: TCR = 1.0 to 2.5 °C (likely range; high confidence); extremely unlikely larger than 3°C
AR5: ECS = 1.5 to 4.5 °C (likely range; high confidence); extremely unlikely less than 1°C (high confidence); very unlikely greater than 6°C (medium confidence)
Cumulative emissions of CO2 largely determine global mean surface warming by the late 21st century and beyond
bis 2011: 515 GtC (IPCC AR5)
2012: 9.6 GtC
2013: 9.9 GtC
2014: 10.1 GtC
2015: 9.9 GtC
2016*: 9.9 GtC (GCP, FF only, constant cum LUC)
Total 564.2 GtC
*The extension to year 2016 uses the emissions projections for fossil fuels and industry for 2016 (Sect. 3.2) and assumes a constant ELUC flux